Ch. 14 history
terms list for ch. 14 in history
Terms
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- Ten percent plan
- when 10 percent of the voters of a state took an oath of loyalty to the Union, the State could form a government and adopt a new constitution that banned slavery
- carpetbaggers
- northern whites who moved to the south and served as republican leaders during reconstruction
- literacy test
- A test given to persons to prove they can read and write before being allowed to register to vote
- impeach
- charge with an offense or misdemeanor
- John Wilkes Booth
- the man who shot the Abraham Lincoln in the back of the head and killed him
- Reconstruction Act of 1867
- This Act was passed by Congress which was vetoed by President Johnson. This Act invalidated the state govn'ts formed under the Lincoln & Johnson plans and all the legal decisions made by those govn'ts.
- amnesty
- immunity from prosecution - to all white Southerners, except Confederate leaders, who gave loyalty to the Union
- segregation
- The separation of people of different races
- Fredrick Douglass
- born a slave and later became an abolitonist
- black codes
- Southern laws designed to restrict the rights of the newly freed black slaves
- Thaddeus Stevens
- a leading readical republican
- Freedmen's Bureau
- a new government agency to help former enslaved persons, or freedmen
- poll tax
- a tax put on African American voters, hoping to get them to not vote
- Edwin Stanton
- Popular Secretary of War who is fired by Johnson and leads to Johnson's impeachment
- 14th Amendment
- Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws
- Compromise of 1877
- Ended Reconstruction. Republicans promise 1) Remove military from South, 2) Appoint Democrat to cabinet (David Key postmaster general), 3) Federal money for railroad construction and levees on Mississippi river
- Jim Crow laws
- Laws that helped keep whites and blacks separate
- 15th Amendment
- citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or precious condition of servitude
- Ku Klux Klan
- White supremacy organization that intimidated blacks out of their newly found liberties
- Ulysses S. Grant
- Commander of the Union army who was nicknamed "Unconditional Surrender"
- Andrew Johnson
- Vice President who took Lincolns place when he died
- 13th Amendment
- abolishes slavery in the U.S.
- Reconstruction
- americans everywhere agreed that the south needed to be rebuilt, but they disagreed bitterly over how to accomplish it. this is what this PERIOD in time was called
- Rutherford B. Hayes
- the 19th president and a general in the civil war
- sharecroppers
- people who rent a plot of land from another person, and farm it in exchange for a share of the crop