Chapter One Science Vocab
All of the Vocab for the vocab test on friday!!
Terms
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- Obsolete
- no longer used
- Patent
- a legal document issued by the government that gives the legal inventor exclusive rights to make, use, or sell the invention for a limited time
- Scientific Literacy
- to understand basic scientific terms and principles well enough that you can evaluate information, make personal decisions, and take part in public affairs
- Weight
- a measure of the force of gravity acting on an object
- Brainstorming
- the process which a group of members freely suggest any creative solutions that come to mind
- Scientific Theory
- a well-tested explanation for a wide range of observations or experimental results (can be changed)
- Output
- a result or product of a system
- Prototype
- a working model used to test a design
- Variable
- the factor that can change in an experiment
- Process
- a sequence of actions that the system undergoes
- Technology
- how people change the world around them to meet their needs or to solve practical problems
- Scientific Law
- a statement that describes what scientists expect to happen every time under a particular set of conditions (is a law of nature; cannot be changed)
- Data
- the facts, figures, and other evidence gathered through observations
- Horizontal (x) Axis
- the graph line that runs left and right; shows the manipulated variable
- Linear Graph
- a line graph in which the data points yield a straight line
- Responding (Dependent) Variable
- the variable that may change in response to the manipulated variable
- Goal
- the purpose of a system
- Volume
- the amount of space an object takes up; Volume = Length x Width x Height
- Controlled Experiment
- an experiment in which only one variable is manipulated at a time
- Density
- a measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume; Density = Mass ÷ Volume
- Risk-benefit Analysis
- a process which involves evaluating the possible problems, or risks, of a technology compared to the expected advantages, or benefits
- Metric System
- a universal system of measurement based on the number 10
- Manipulated (Independent) Variable
- the one variable that is purposely changed to test a hypothesis
- Nonlinear Graph
- a line graph in which the data points do not fall along a straight line
- Operational Definition
- a statement that describes how to measure a particular variable or define a particular term
- Vertical (y) Axis
- the graph line that runs up and down; shows the responding variable
- Engineer
- a person who is trained to use both technological and scientific knowledge to solve practical problems
- Scientific Inquiry
- refers to the diverse ways in which scientists study the natural world and propose explanations based on the evidence they gather
- SI
- the International System of Units; a version of the metric system used by scientists all over the world
- Hypothesis
- a possible explanation for a set of observations or answer to a scientific question
- Line of Best Fit
- a smooth line that reflects the general pattern of a graph
- System
- a group of related parts that work together
- Input
- something that you put into a system in order to reach a goal
- Origin
- the point where the horizontal and vertical axes cross
- Data Point
- a point an a graph that shows the location of a piece of data
- Feedback
- the information a system uses to monitor the input, process, and output so that the system can adjust itself to meet the goal
- Mass
- the measure of the amount of matter an object contains
- Troubleshooting
- the process of analyzing a design problem and finding a way to fix it
- Trade-off
- exchanging one benefit for another
- Communicating
- the sharing of ideas and experimental findings with others through writing and speaking
- Graph
- a picture of your data that can reveal patterns or trends that words and data tables cannot
- Constraint
- any factor that limits or restricts a design