APUSH Unit 5 IDs

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Mugwumps: Republicans turned Democrats
James G. Blaine: half-breeds--> civil service reform
Booker T. Washington: Founded the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama Felt that African Americans should accept their place in society, was an American educator, author and leader of the African American community. Said African Americas must work patiently to move up in society.
Charles Evan Huges: fought against coal and gas trusts in wyoming
Carrie Chapman Catt: president of NAWSA, who led the campaign for woman suffrage during Wilson's administration
Elizabeth Cady Stanton: Co-founded the 1848 Women's Rights Convention held in Seneca Falls, New York woman suffrage she called the inequality of sexes
Florence Kelley: took control of the National Consumers League in 1899 and mobilized female consumers to pressure for laws safeguarding women and children in the workplace.
greenbacks: reasoned more money meant cheaper money and hence rising prices and easier to pay debts
Cornelius Vanderbilt: Vanderbilt University built his fortune by railway service at lower rates
Graft: using political influence for personal gain
Interstate Commerce Commission: created by the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887, which was signed into law by President Grover Cleveland;regulate railroads (and later trucking) to ensure fair rates, to eliminate rate discrimination, and to regulate other aspects of common carriers.
Union Pacific Railroad: started in 1862 in Nebraska it was built by the Credit Mobilier
Bimetallism: a monetary standard under which the basic unit of currency is defined by stated amounts of two metals (usually gold and silver) with values set at a predetermined ratio
Compromise of 1877: passed by Congress in 1877, set up an electoral commission consisting of 15 men selected from the Senate, the House of Representatives, and the Supreme Court. It was made to determine which party would win the election. The committee finally determined, without opening the ballots from the 3 disputed states, that the Republicans had been victorious in the disputed ballots from the three states, giving the Republicans the presidency
Horace Greely: the canidate foe the election of 1872 against Grant
Comstock Lode: Nevada $300 million of precious metals were found over 20 years
Andrew Carnegie: Steel US Steel Corporation
Seneca Falls Convention: women's rights convention held by elizabeth cady stanton and lucretia mott in 1848 declaration of sentiments
Francis Willard: Founder of the WCTU, Dean of Women at Northwestern University and the president of the Women's Christian Temperance Union., Dean of Women at Northwestern University and the president of the Women's Christian Temperance Union.
Jim Crow Laws: state-level legal codes of segregation The Southern states also enacted literacy requirements, voter-registration laws, and poll taxes to ensure the denial of voting for the South's black population.
machine politics: votes for favors
Plessy v. Ferguson: The Supreme Court ruled in favor of the South's segregation declaring that separate but equal facilities for blacks were legal under the 14th Amendment
William Bryan: populists ran him in the election of 1896
"Gilded Age": it was when the country was booming in pop. industry and production but there was waste corruption and Extravagance --No real political leaders congress was more powerful than presidents
James b Weaver: general a presidential canidate for the Greenback Party in 1880
WCTU: founder Frances e. Willard she wanted to make the world homelike, (women's chritian temperance union) founded by francis willard against temperance
Boss Tweed: he ruled Tammany Hall in NY by using machine politics
Roscoe Conkling: stalwart (spoils system)
Vertical integration: the idea of making your company stronger by domanating every aspect of what your company uses to build and manufacture
initiative: bill that emerges from the people
John D. Rockefeller: Oil
Mulligan Letters: Blaines enemy publiziced this written by Blain to a Boston businessman and linking the powerful politician to a corrupt deal involving federal favors to a southern railroad--> ended with "burn this letter"
William H. Taft: 27 President
Levi Strauss: The German-born American[1] creator of the first company to manufacture blue jeans. His namesake firm, Levi Strauss & Company, was founded in 1853 in San Francisco. Jeans were made tough for miners.
Literacy Exclusion Act: limited immigration by making them take literacy tests and if they did not pass them they were not allowed to enter the US
Dumbbell Tenements: a new form of housing that was developed in the early 1900's it was designed as a dumbbell and had more apartments for more families and shared restrooms
W.E.B. Dubois: 1st black to earn Ph.D. from Harvard, encouraged blacks to resist systems of segregation and discrimination, helped create NAACP in 1910
Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion: republican clergyman damned the democrats in a speech as the party of this and the Irish american voters were stunned by this and they turn their vote to cleveland instead
Frederick Jackson Turner: he wrote that there was no more frontier
Ida Tarbell: published a devastating but factual depiction of the Standard Oil Company
Populists: The peoples party wanted to nationalize railroades a subtreasury < a scheme to provide farmers with loans for crops stored in govt owned warehouse> they wanted free and unlimited coinage of silver they wanted a graduated income tax they attacked wall street
Lincoln Steffens: launched a series of articles in McClure's titled "The Shame of the Cities" which unmasked the corrupt alliance between big business and municipal government.
Upton Sinclair: The Jungle, muckraker who shocked the nation when he published The Jungle, a novel that revealed gruesome details about the meat packing industry in Chicago. The book was fiction but based on the things Sinclair had seen.
Pacific Railroad Act: "AN ACT to aid in the construction of a railroad and telegraph line from the Missouri river to the Pacific ocean, and to secure to the government the use of the same for postal, military, and other purposes,"
Robert Lafollette: "fighting bomb" he was known as fought against corporations and regulation of public utilities
Jacob Riis: shocked middle-class Americans in 1890 with How the Other Half Lives which described the dark and dirty slums of New York
Wounded Knee: Located in South Dakota near Wounded Knee Creek. An Indian tribe - the Hunkpapa Sioux - was attacked by 500 US soldiers during the Ritual Ghost Dance. The Indians were massacred, little boys were shot, women running with children were murdered...
recall: people vote to remove a public officials
Whiskey ring: cabinet members steal exvise tax revenue
Susan B. Anthony: leader of woman suffrage movement, who helped to define the movement's goals and beliefs and to lead its actions
Panic of 1873: Over-speculating was the primary cause; too much expansion had taken place. Too many people had taken out loans of which they were unable to pay back due to lack of profit from where they had invested their money.
Homestead Act: the law allowed a settler to acquire as much as 160 acres of land by living it for 5 yrs and paying a fee of 30 dollars
Transcontinental Railroad: united the west and east coast of the country composed of two seperate railroads
Social Darwinism: Herpert Spencers applies Darwin's ideas in the business world---> stronger businesses will take out the weak businesses
Pendleton Civil Service Act: jobs based on cmpetence rather than spoils
Mongrel Tariff: Tariff of 1883, a compromise measure that satisfied nobody. Duties were lowered on a few items, but increased on most manufactured goods.
Herbert Spencer: Social Darwinism idea
The Long Drive: driving the herd, A term used when cowboys would drive the herd to cattle towns
Theodore Roosevelt: 26th U.S. President. 1901-1909. Republican
Chinese Exclusion Act: forbade chinese from immigrating to the US NO MORE CHINESE PEOPLE
Dawes Act: dissolved many tribes as legal entities--> tribal ownership of land and set up individual heads with 160 acres
Charles Guiteau: assassinate president james a. garfield (stalwart--> spoil system follower)
Louis D. Brandeis: persuaded the supreme court to accept the constitutionality of laws protecting women workers by presenting evidence of the harmful effects of factory labor on women's weaker bodies.
Little Bighorn: a battle in Montana near the Little Bighorn River between United States cavalry under Custer and several groups of Native Americans (1876); Custer was pursuing Sioux led by Sitting Bull; Custer underestimated the size of the Sioux forces (which were supported by Cheyenne warriors) and was killed along with all his command
trust busting: (law) government activities seeking to dissolve corporate trusts and monopolies (especially under the United States antitrust laws)
Central Pacific Railroad: started in CA and it was built by the Big Four
Fisk and Gould: attempted to corner the gold market by making sure no gold was being drawn out so the value of gold could rise
Hiram Johnson: fought for railroad regulation in California helped to break the dominant grip of the Southern Pacific Railroad on California politics in 1910
19th amendment: Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1920) extended the right to vote to women in federal or state elections.
Cross of Gold: speech --> a plea for silver
William Mckinley: Ohio(republican canidate) in 1896 he wom the election
referendum: people who vote on the initiative
Morrill Act: 1871 brought along agricultural colleges, Allows for creation of land-grant colleges, colleges built on federally granted land specially appropriated for this purpose. It was signed into law by Lincoln
Ida B. Wells: the lynching of blacks outraged her, an african american journalist. in her newspaper, free speech, wells urged african americans to protest the lynchings. she called for a boycott of segregated street cars and white owned stores. she spoke out despite threats to her life.
17th amendment: direct election of US senators
TR's 3Cs: President Roosevelt believed in the progressive reform. He enacted a "Square Deal" program that consisted of 3 parts: control of the corporations, consumer protection, and conservation of natural resources.
Ulysses S. Grant: the first president of the gilded age
JP Morgan: Banker he bought out Carnegie's steel company and named it Bessemer Steel
Jane Adams: founded the most famous settlement house where volunteers offered services to immigrants such as job training, learning of the english language.
Ballinger-Pinchot quarrel: erased much of his conservationist record. When Secretary of the Interior Richard Ballinger opened public lands in Wyoming, Montana, and Alaska to corporate development, he was criticized by chief of the Agriculture Department's Division of Forestry, Gifford Pinchot. When Taft dismissed Pinchot, much protest arose from conservationists
ma, ma, wheres my Pa: republicans shouted this because digging dirt from Cleveland they found out he had an illegitimate affair with a Buffalo widow and he had an illegitimate son who was eight.
progressivism: group of reform movements of the late 1800's that focused on urban problems, such as the plight of workers, poor sanitation, and corrupt political machines
Promontory Point: Point in Utah where the Transcontinental Railroad was completed. The crews celebrated with placing real golden spikes into the last track laid.
The Grange: 1867 by oliver h kelly their main goals was to enhance the lives of isolated farmer through social and fraternal activities self improvement
Federal Reserve Act: Sparked by the Panic of 1893 and 1907, the 1913 Federal Reserve Act created the Federal Reserve System, which issued paper money controlled by government banks.
Credit Mobilier: scandal erupted in 1872 when Union Pacific Railroad insiders formed the Credit Mobilier construction company and then hired themselves at inflated prices to build the railroad line, earning high dividends. When it was found out that government officials were paid stay quiet about the illicit business, some officials were censured.
Exodusters: African Americans moving from the south to the mmidwest
Fort Laramie: Area in the Wyoming territory where a treaty was signed by United States and the Lakota nation, Yanktonai Sioux, Santee Sioux, and Arapaho in 1868 guaranteeing to the Lakota ownership of the Black Hills, and further land and hunting rights in South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana. The Powder River Country was to be henceforth closed to all whites. The treaty ended Red Cloud's War.
Soddies: a house built of sod or adobe laid in horizontal courses

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Number of cards 89