Intro to law Tests
Terms
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- Brady Act
- Made background checks mandatory in an attempt to stop the sale of guns to criminals.
- To qualify to vote
- you must be 18, a citizen of america, and a resident of the place your voting
- Seperation of powers
- Division between the legilative and executive branches of government
- Sequestered
- Jury is placed in hotels in an attempt to prevent the media from influencing them
- Plea
- when the defendant is given the chance to respond guilty or not guilty
- Constitution
- The doctument sets forth the basic stucture and powers of the US government
- Miranda Warnings Can be Suspended
- When public safety warrants it
- 19th Ammendment
- Gave women the right to vote
- Supreme Court Powers
- Interprets the Law and sets out a precedent for other courts in similar cases.
- Civil Case examples
- Judge Judy or People's Court
- Motion to exclude
- when an attorney doesnt want evidence to be admissible at trial
- Initiative
- Procedures by which voters can place an issue on the election ballot to possibly become a law.
- Subpoena
- An official summons to appear in court
- Criminal Cases examples
- Law and Order and Perry Mason
- Chief Justice
- John Roberts
- Sustained
- The judge agrees with the objection
- Miranda Rights
- A list of rights that police in the United States must read to suspects in custody before questioning them, pursuant to the Supreme Court decision in Miranda v. Arizona.
- Supremecy Clause
- States that the constitution and the laws of the United States shall be the supreme law of the land
- 23rd ammendment
- Residents of Washington DC given right to vote in presidential elections
- Motion to Quash
- When an idividual does not wish to respon to a subpoena
- Lawsuit
- another name for civil action
- Ordinances
- Laws or rules passed by local governments
- Statutes
- Laws which are passed by federal or state legislatures.
- Reciprocal Discovery
- Any evidence found must be shown to the other side as well
- 14th ammendment importance
- Gives equal protection under the law which provents descrimintation in the courts.
- Motor Voter Bill
- DMV registers citizens
- Remand
- When a defendant is not released pending trial and remains in jail
- Reasons for High Crime Rates
- Poverty, few job opportunities, Small chance of being caught.
- 6th ammendment
- criminal court procedures; right to fair and public trial, and right to an attourney/ counsel
- Contempt
- When an attorney or witness is reprimanded by the judge, they are charged with this
- Arbitration
- when a laywer takes a percentage of the winnings.
- More prejudicial than probative
- Means that the evidence being shown is playing off the jurys emotions instead of proving a fact to them
- Contraband
- illegal items
- Voir Dire
- the process through which jurors are selected
- Megan's Law
- Makes sure that sex offenders are in a public database
- Legal Precedent
- Stare Decisis
- Bail
- Money paid to the court to ensure the defendant will show up to trial
- Motion for Mistrial
- When the jury is unable to render unbiased verdicts an attorney asks for this
- Bill of Rights
- Added to the constitution in 1791
- 24th ammendment
- get rid of pole tax. you cant tax people for voting.
- 15th Ammendment
- african american men the right to vote
- Recall
- the act of removing an official by petition
- 5th ammendment
- protects against self-incrimination , cant be tried twice for same crime, private property cant be taken from you without just compensation, cant be deprived of life, liberty or property
- Plaintiff civil or criminal or both
- Both civil and criminal
- Double jeapordy
- putting someone on trial for a crime of which he or she was preiously adiquitted
- Retainer
- the deposit paid to an attorney to have them take your case
- 26th ammendment
- gave 18 year olds the right to vote
- Exclusionary Rule
- Rule that says evidence obtained in violation of a criminal defendant's constitutional or statutory rights is not admissible at trial.
- 4th ammendment
- search and seisure ( there has to be a warrant in order to search someones property) ( a judge must order the warrant)
- Pro Bono
- When a laywer works for free
- Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act
- Restricts donations to individuals seeking elective office
- Voting Rights Act of 1965
- Literacy tests are banned, Ballots provided in vernacular of large populations
- Justices it takes to hear a Case
- 4 justices must want to hear the case
- Recidivist
- someone who is repeatedly arrested for criminal behavior (especially for the same criminal behavior)
- Problems when a vague law is enacted
- Judges could each make different rulings, also it would be hard to enforce
- 8th ammendment
- excessive bail cant be required, no cruel and unusual punishment
- 6th Ammendment
- criminal court procedures; right to fair and public trial, and right to an attourney/ counsel