C-12 OPS LIMITS
Terms
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Max Engine SHP
Takeoff EMER and Max Continuous - 850 (takeoff, emer, max cont)
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Torque Limits
Takeoff, EMER, Continuous
Transient
When Prop below 1600 -
100% (Takeoff, EMER, MAX CONT)
123% (5 seconds)
49% (below 1600 Prop RPM) - Torque limit applies to ____ to _____ propeller RPM (N2). Below _____ RPM, torque is limited to ______.
-
1600-2000;
1600;
49% -
Maximum Observed TGT
(Takeoff; Emer Condition; Max Reverse) - 750
- Max Continuous TGT
- 725
- Max TGT at LOW IDLE
- 660
- Max TGT at START
- 1000 (5 seconds)
- Max Transient TGT
- 850
- Max Gas Generator RPM (N1)
- 101.5% (Takeoff,Emer,Cont)
- Min N1 at LOW IDLE
- 52%
- Max Transient N1
- 102.6% (10 seconds)
- Max N1 in MAX REVERSE
- 88%
-
Max Prop RPM (N2)
Takeoff, EMER, CONT - 2000
- Max Transient Prop RPM (N2)
- 2200 (5 seconds)
- Max Prop RPM (N2) in MAX REVERSE
- 1900
- Oil Press/Temp Limits for Takeoff, EMER and Continuous
- 105-135 (press); 10-99 (temp)
- Oil Press/Temp limits Continuous Operations
- 105-135 (P); 10-99 (T)
- Oil Press/Temp limits in High Idle
- 85-135 (P); -40-99 (T)
- Oil Press/Temp limits in LOW IDLE
- 60 (MIN P); -40-99 (T)
- Oil Temp Min on START
- -40
- TRANSIENT Oil Temp range
- 100-104 (5 minutes)
- Oil Press/Temp Limits in REVERSE
- 105-135 (P); 0-99 (T)
- Oil Press Limit during extremely cold starts
- 200 P
- Above 72% N1 Normal Takeoff and Continuous Press/Temp up to 21,000 ft
- 105-135 (P); 60-71 (T)
- Acceptable oil fluctuations above 21,000ft
- 10 PSIG
- Do not exceed ____ Torque when oil pressure is below ___.
- 49%; 85 PSI
- Takeoff limits are limited to ____ minutes
- 5 minutes
- Approximate N1 at HIGH IDLE
- 70%
- High TGT at Ground IDLE may be corrected by ________ and/or ________.
- reducing accessory load; increasing N1 RPM
- MAX REVERSE time limit
- 1 minute
- For every ____deg C below _____deg C ambient temp, reduce max allowable N1 by ____.
- 5.6; -48; 1.6
- Max generator load during ground ops
- 85%
- With generator load at 70% OR LESS, what is the min N1 RPM for ground ops?
-
52% (w/o AC)
61% (w/AC) - Engine ice vanes shall be retracted above what temp?
- 15 deg C
- Total usable fuel
- 544 gallons
- Starter limits
-
40 sec on; 60 seconds off
40 sec on; 60 seconds off
40 sec on; 30 minutes off -
Blade angles are measured at the _____ in station: Feathered = _____ degrees
Reverse = _____degrees -
measured at 30 in station
90 deg (feathered)
-9 (reverse) -
Prop speeds above ______
indicate failure of _____ -
2000; primary governor
2080; both prim. and overspeed gov - Torque is limited to _____ for sustained ops above 2000 RPM. Sustained prop RPM above ______is prohibited.
- 81%; 2080
- Normal TGT
- 400-750
- Normal Torque
- 20-100
- Normal Prop
- 1600-2000
- Normal Oil Pressure
- 85-135 (85-105 is yellow for operations below 21000ft)
- Normal Oil Temp
- 10-99 deg C
- Normal Prop De-ice ammeter
- 14-18
- Normal Pneumatic Pressure
- 12-20 PSI
- Normal Cabin Pressure Differential
- 0-6.1 PSI
- Vmca
- 86 (minimum SE control speed)
- Full Flap operating range
- 75-146 (157 D model)
- One engine inop best rate of climb (Vyse)
- 121
- Max a/s with flaps at 40%
- 200
- Max gear extended speed
- 181
- Max speed to retract gear
- 163
- Max design maneuvering speed
- 181
- Vne (max operating speed)
- 259
- Prop prohibited range during ILS
- 1750-1850 RPM
- When operating above _______ a _____ min supply of oxygen is required for each person. Above 25,000....
-
13,000ft; 10
masks for each person must be coupled to the outlet and immediately available - Vsse
-
Safe SE inoperative speed
104 KIAS - Do not use controls abruptly above
- 181 KIAS
- Turbulent air penetration speed
- 170 KIAS
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Max T/O and land wgt
Max ramp weight
Max Zero fuel weight -
12500
12590
10400 - Max tire speed
- 136 knots
- Max seat weight
- 250 fwd, 170 back facing
- Max cabin baggage area weight (C)
- 150
- Aft cabin baggage area max weight
- 350
- Airstair door weight
- 300
- Max sink rate at touchdown
-
600 FPM (12,500lbs)
500 FPM (above 12,500) - Do not _____ above ____ degrees C.
- brake deice; 15
- Time limit on brake deice
- 10 MIN
- Min N1 for simultaneous brake deice and surface deice systems
- 85
- Minimum ambient temp for surface deice system
- -40 C
- landing gear cyclying limits
-
no more than 5 in 20 minutes
10-15 minutes between 20 minute groupings
no more than 10 cycles within 1 hour - Altitude and cabin pressure differential limit with cracked windshield
- 25,000ft and between 2.0 to 4.6 PSI
- Usable fuel limit
- 544 gallons
- Maximum fuel imbalance
- 1000 lbs
- If above 12.5k lbs limits
-
- paved runways
- at/above 18k ft
- cabin press rate of descent <1500 fpm
- log time and altitude in 781
- Takeoff <14k lbs
- Vne 216
- NO AUTOPILOT
- total ferry tank fuel not >240 gal - Max flap extension speed
- 200 kts
- Max speed for flaps full
- 146 (C) 157 (D)
- Max speed to extend gear
- 163
- Min speed for practice engine out
- 104