Band 1st Semester Test
Terms
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- accelerando (accel.)
- gradually growing faster
- accidental
- chromatic alteration of a note from the key signature until the next bar line (can be extended by a tie)
-
ad libitum (ad lib) or
a placere - at pleasure, at will
- a due (a 2)
- for two parts
- affetuoso
- tenderly, with feeling
- alla breve (⊄)
- 2/2 time, cut time
- allargando
- getting slower and louder
- amoroso
- with love, with warm feeling
-
animato
con anima - lively, animated, spirited
-
appassionato
passione - passionate, fervent
- assai
- much, very
- a tempo
- return to the original tempo
- attacca
- continue without a pause
- bravura
- great technical skill, virtuosity
- brillante
- sparkling, spirited
- cadenza
- a brilliant (often highly technical) solo, often found at the end of a movement or a peice
- cadence
- the close of a melodic or harmonic phrase
-
calmando
calmato - quieting down, subsiding
-
cantando
cantabile - in a singing style, lyrical
- capriccioso
- fanciful, freely
- coda
- a concluding passage added to the form proper
- con
- with
- con brio
- vigorously, with fire
- con forza
- powerful, loud
- con fuoco
- with fire, passionately
- con sordino
- with mute
-
con spirito
spiritoso - spirited, lively
- crescendo
- becoming louder
- da capo (D.C.)
- from the beginning
- dal segno (D.S.)
- from the sign
- decrescendo (decresc.)
- becoming softer
- diatonic
- scalewise
- diminuendo (dim.)
- becoming softer
- divisi
- divided parts where there is normally one
- dolce
- sweet, gentle
- doppio movimento
- twice as fast
- double flat
- lower by one full step
- double sharp
- raise by one full step
- dynamics
- the level of loudness
- pianississimo (ppp)
- very very soft
- pianissimo (pp)
- very soft
- piano (p)
- soft
- mezzo piano (mp)
- medium soft
- mezzo forte (mf)
- medium loud
- forte (f)
- loud
- fortissimo (ff)
- very loud
- fortississimo (fff)
- very very loud
-
e
ed
et - and
- enharmonic
- a different spelling of the same pitch or chord
- espressivo
- with feeling, with expression
- etude
- a study or excersize focusing on a particular musical or technical problem
- fermata
- a pause or hold
- finale
- the last movement of a multi-movement peice
- fine
- the end
- forzando
- a strong accent
- giocoso
- humorous, playful
- giusto
- exact, appropriate
- glissando
- a glide from one note to the next
- grazioso
- graceful
- interval
- pitch difference between two notes
- key signature
- sharps or flats placed at the beginning of a selection indicating its key
- largemente
- broadly
- legato
- smooth, even, without breaks between notes
- l'istesso tempo
- at the same tempo
- loco
- return to normal posistion
- maestoso
- with dignity
- marcato
- accented, stressed
- marcia
- march
- meno
- less
- molto
- much, very
- morendo
- fading away
-
mosso
moto - moved, motion
- non
- no, do not
- nuance
- subtle shading in style
- ossia
- an alternative version
- pesante
- weighty, ponderous
- piu
- more
- pochissimo
- as little as possible
- poco a poco
- little by little
- pomposo
- stately, majestic
- quasi
- almost, as if
- rallentando (rall.)
- becoming slower
- ritardando (ritard. or rit.)
- becoming slower
- ritenuto (riten.)
- immediately slower
- rinforzando (rfz.)
- a sudden accent
- rubato
- free use of accel. and rit. within a measure without altering the duration of the measure as a whole
- sans or senza
- without
- scherzando
- playfully
- segue
- continue without pausing
- sempre
- always, throughout
- simile
- in the same manner
- soli
- a section solo, a group of soloists
- solo
- a part for one performer
- sonore
- resounding, loud
- sordino
- mute
- sostenuto (sost.)
- sustained
- stacatto
- detached
- subito (sub.)
- suddenly, at once
- tacet
- be silent
- tempo
- rate of speed
- grave
- solemn and very, very slow
- largo
- very slow
-
adagio
lento
larghetto - slow
- andante
- moderately slow
- andantino
- slightly faster than andante
- moderato
- moderate, neither fast nor slow
- allegretto
- moderately fast
- allegro
- fast and lively
-
vivo
vivace - very fast and intense
- presto
- the fastest conventional tempo
- prestissimo
- as fast as possible
- tenuto (ten.)
- held, sustained
- timbre
- tone color
- tranquillo
- quiet, peaceful
- trill (tr.)
- a rapid alternation between the written note and the diatonic second above it
- troppo
- too much
- tutti
- all, with all performers
-
un
una
uno - one
- unison
- together on the same part or in octaves
- major scales
- are diatonic scales with half-steps between 3-4 and 5-6
- Natural Minor Scales
- lower the third lower the 6th
- Harmonic Minor Scales
- lower the third lower the 6th raise 7th
- Melodic Minor Scales
- lower third & raise 6th & 7th going up, on way down natural minor
- no sharps or flats
- C major and a minor
- one flats
- F major and d minor
- two flats
- B flat major and g minor
- three flats
- E flat major and c minor
- four flats
- A flat major and f minor
- five flats
- D flat major and b flat minor
- six flats
- G flat major and e flat minor
- seven flats
- C flat major and a flat minor
- one sharp
- G major and e minor
- two sharps
- D major and b minor
- three sharps
- A major and f sharp minor
- four sharps
- E major and c sharp minor
- five sharps
- B major and g sharp minor
- six sharps
- F sharp major and d sharp minor
- seven sharps
- C sharp major and a sharp minor