NU 100 Final
Terms
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- autonomy
- independence, your own personal freedom, right to choose treatment or not
- Vietnam War
- Major advances in medical technology
- Idiosyncratic
- unusual, unexpected
- 1970 comprehensive drug abuse prevention & control act
- required to maintain physical security & good records of drug distribution
- Process of evidenced based practice (mnemonic - I Saw A Indian Eating)
- Identify problem, Search for best evidence, Appraise the evidence, Integrate it w/clinical expertise & patient preference, Evaluate the decision
- In what war did nurses volunteer & instantly become a nurse with no training of any kind?
- Civil war
- There are usually how many AEB in a nursing diagnosis?
- 1-3
- Having the skills, knowledge, and understanding about another culture that allow the nurse to assess and intervene in a culturally appropriate manner.
- Knowledge about a diverse culture means knowing what questions to ask is part of Cultural Competence as well as:
- Prevalence
- measure of existing disease in a population at a particular time
- Kefauver-Harris Amendment in the early 1960's
- had to provide proof of the drug's safety & efficacy, came about due to the thalidomide tragedies
- Side effect
- usually mild to moderate & may be transient. It is somewhat expected
- Sojourner Truth
- After the Civil war, it was this nurse's misssion to aid the newly freed southern slaves:
- I Founded the Red Cross in 1882
- Clara Barton
- Living Will:
- Medical treatments, etc., that a person wants if they become ill.
- There are typically 1-3 Why's in a careplan these "why's" are referred to as:
- R/T (related to)
- I Cared for British soldiers during the crimean war 1854-1856 & Decreased mortality from 42% to 2%
- F. Florence Nightengale
- 5 columns to the care plan:
- problem, goal, interventions, rationale, evaluation
- AEB, in the nursing diagnosis means
- as evidenced by
- chemical name
- atomic/molecular name
- HIPAA, privacy act to protect patients, stands for:
- Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
- I, Clara Barton, independently operated a large scale relief operation during the war and:
- Volunteered with Massachusetts regiment
- The nursing process directs care & communication, creates a record that can be used for research, and documentation of:
- healthcare needs for insurance purposes
- Schedule II
- pot - high abuse & dependence but with some medicinal use
- Schedule IV
- low risk with medical use
- Ethics is concerned with motives and attitudes and:
- the relationship of these attitudes to the good of the individual
- accountability - you'll be held accountable for all actions you perform, nursing practice standards
- ethical responsibility of a nurse
- ethical principal of respect & trust
- regardless of your own beliefs, you trust that your client knows what is best for them personally
- Metabolism most often takes place in the:
- liver
- MASH units formed, casualties were treated close to the front, & Antibiotics and medical advances improved mortality and morbidity during the:
- Korean conflict
- These things make up the epidemiologic triangle:
- Host, agent, & environment
- Durable Power of Attorney:
- The individual that is appointed to make decisions if that person is unable to themselves
- 1953 Louise McManas (the 1st nurse to earn a PHD) established the need for research application in nursing & wrote about:
- the need for nurses to think analytically.
- Why was Project Takeoff initiated?
- Michigan ranks 3rd in the nation for obesity, it is the BIGGEST problem we are facing in Kent county
- Due to research, using the bladder scan, a non-invasive way to measure whether or not there is anything in the bladder, this is an example of:
- evidenced based practice (EBP)
- generic name
- off brand
- Healthy Kent 2010 began with Healthy People 2000, The Healthy Kent 2010 motto is:
- Community Health through Community action
- Getting the details per situation, getting all the factors is an example of which "habit of the mind" for critical thinking?
- contextual perspective
- Maslow's Heirarchy of needs (in order from bottom to top): Physiological, _________, love & belonging, ____________.
- safety, self-actualization
- harrison narcotic act 1914
- import & export of opiates
- Why is the process of critical thinking continual?
- You make one decision which causes something then you have to critically think about THAT.
- three times a day
- tid
- Cultural Competence is the process of developing or acquiring knowledge, skills, and attitudes, to work effectively within the cultural context of:
- individuals, a family or a community from a diverse cultural background which may be different from one's own.
- In order to write a care plan, you 1st need to choose an actual:
- nursing diagnosis
- Adverse effects
- All non-theraputic responses, unintended, to the normal dose. May be uncomfortable, annoying, to awful.
- as needed
- prn
- What is the major purpose of the privacy rule?
- define and limit the circumstances when an individual's protected health information is used or disclosed. (regulate the exchange of electronic information and protect patient confidentiality)
- Not lying when you don't know the answer is an example of which "habit of the mind" for critical thinking?
- intellectual integrity
- Mildred Montag
- As a post WWII solution to the nursing shortage, I developed the ADN & I taught at a college near Detroit:
- How long does it take a drug to go through the four phases of clinical trials?
- 5-9 years
- Schedule III
- vikaden, anabolics - moderate abuse/dependancy, more medical uses
- Potential health threats in Kent Co.
- Housing, water quality, air standards, food quality, & health care access
- four times a day
- qid
- Transcultural Nursing
- Specialty within nursing focusing on different cultures and subcultures with regard to their caring behavior, nursing care and health-illness values, beliefs and patterns of behaviors.
- Complete this rhyme: I founded planned parenthood & enabled you to wrap your wanger, this should help you remember that my name is Margaret _________.
- Sanger
- Ethnocentrism
- belief that one's own way of life is better than others
- Secondary health care (means actual treatment involved, acute care, serious problems) moved much of historically hospital based care to community, examples of this move are:
- out-pt surgery, chemo, diagnostics (MRI, angiography), home health care
- All levels of prevention are emphasized in Community Based Health care as well as:
- Promotion of and preserving health of populations
- Defines nursing for a state & is found in the Michigan Public Health Code
- The Nurse Practice Act
- Paternalism
- Acting in what is determined to be someone else's best interest either without seeking the individuals input or ignoring his or her stated preferences
- 1906 Food & drug act
- When you could no longer prescribe an Rx without good reason, federal law regulated taxed .....
- Examples of Tertiary health care (rehabilitation)
- similarly to secondary much has moved from hospital based settings to community, cardiac rehab out-pt, hospice at home care
- Aculturation
- learning a secondary culture
- In the nursing diagnosis, RT means:
- related to
- Pharmacodynamics
- How the drug affects the body
- Examples of primary health care (preventation) are well child check-ups, routine physical exams, & prenatal care as well as:
- diagnosis and treatment of common acute illnesses, education of community (safety, bike helmets, car seats, drug prevention, B/P screening)
- Paradoxical effect
- unique response, usually the opposite of intended effect
- Cultural Competence means accepting and respecting cultural differences as well as:
- Developing an awareness of one's own existence, sensations, thoughts, and environment without letting them have an undue influence on those from other backgrounds.
- fidelity
- keeping your commitment, come right back if you say you'll be right back
- The Grandfather Clause is there to protect a license to practice & is operated under the 14th ammendment; this ammendment states that:
- No state may deprive any person of life, liberty or property without due process of law
- Controlled substances are substances that are:
- strictly monitored
- 1938 food, drug, & cosmetic act
- protects us from mislabeled or use of drugs
- Web of causation
- complex interrelationships, Increases/decreases risk of disease
- ANA code of ethics includes values, integrity, social reform, as well as:
- human dignity, commitment to the patient, health safety & rights of a patient, coolaboration to promote health
- How does PHI benefit providers?
- Minimizes potential for civil and/or criminal penalties and fines
- PHI stands for Protected Health Information. What exactly is "protected health information"?
- Anything at all that can identify a patient
- These are advanced directives:
- Living Will, Durable power of attorney
- life & death, right to know are examples of contemporary ethical issues, as well as:
- research, privacy & confidentiality
- I coined the term "public health nurse" in 1893 for nurses who worked outside hospitals in poor and middle-class communities
- Lillian Wald
- Graduating in 1879, I was the first African American graduate nurse in the U.S.
- Mary Eliza Mahoney
- Epidemiology is Population focused, applied science, & answers questions like:
- who in the population is affected by what disease? What is the occurence in the community? Can causative and risk factors be identified?
- Mortality
- measure of the frequency of death in a defined population during a specified time
- Epidemic
- rate of disease or injury exceeds the norm
- twice a day
- bid
- Evidence based practice
- Evidence exists that shows doing something specific works.
- The chemical classification of morphine is
- opiate
- Which of the 5 columns in a care plan is your nursing diagnosis?
- problem
- Ethics
- rightness of conduct, what ought to be, serves as framework
- ethical responsibility of a nurse
- advocacy - protect & support the patient rights
- The physiologic classification of morphine is
- CNS depressant
- nursing standards of practice
- standards governing what you can & cannot do as a nurse
- Endemic
- Usual expected amount of disease in a population
- advancement of the profession, responsible for practice/delegation
- are some of the ANA code of ethics, as well as: personal & professional growth, influence practice environment
- patient's bill of rights
- statement of the rights to which patients are entitled as recipients of medical care
- Using the critical thinking skill, reflection or pondering, avoids:
- jumping to conclusions
- Ethnicity
- shared affiliation by groups of people related to geographical location, religion, language, etc
- Mobidity
- measure of the frequency of occurrence of disease in a defined population during a specified time. Number of sick persons in relation to the population
- PHI is an attempt to:
- It is an attempt to allow the sharing of pertinent health information while protecting our patients.
- For each intervention in a careplan, you have a:
- rationale
- became a spy for the union army & worked in DC as a government nurse
- Harriet Tubman
- before meals
- ac
- Cost containment issues & Regulatory Challenges - Access to care are:
- Trends for the Future, as well as, Professional Portfolios, & Impact of Societal Influences
- Nurses need to be critical thinkers because:
- complexity of problems that will be faced
- non-maleficence
- to do no harm to a client above all, so you don't give an IV because it will hurt, ultimately, the patient decides
- Pharmacokinetics, often referred to as ADME
- the effect the body has on the drug
- Schedule I
- heroin - no medical use, high abuse & dependance potential
- The Broad Goals of Health People 2010 are:
- Increase quality and years of healthy life both physically and mentally, Eliminate health disparities
- Environmental Challenges & Lifestyle Challenges are trends for the future as well as:
- Demographics - aging population, poverty, cultural diversity, urbanization
- Incidence
- number of new cases developing in a population in a specified time
- I, F. Florence Nightengale, Changed the image of nursing from prisoners, poor, widows, to people with social standing and I:
- Wrote "Notes on Nursing" 1859, Founded St. Thomas' Hospital School of Nursing in London 1860, Lady with the lamp
- accredidation institution nationwide for all acute care settings, they created the "dirty dozen" dangerous abbreviations:
- JCAHO
- In 1952, I rearched "Community College Education for Nurses" & we are here (in nursing school) thanks to me:
- Mildred Montag
- Excretion most often takes place in the:
- kidney
- by mouth
- po
- I/O indicators; I/O stands for Intake & Output. Here are some intake & output indicators:
- weight, skin turgor, edema, venous filling, tongue, eyeballs, lungs, BP, pulse
- Enculturation
- learning one's primary culture
- Incidental Use and Disclosure of PHI:
- Permissible is a bedside conversation overheard by patient's family or the patient in the next bed...but you don't discuss things in an elevator or something
- Theraputic classification of morphine is
- analgesic
- Phase I is 20 - 80 healthy volunteers, Phase II is ________________patients with the targeted problem, Phase III is 1000 - 3000 patients with the targeted problem (gold standard comparison), & phase IV is___________________.
- 100 - 300, surveilance of safety & ongoing targets
- beneficience
- ethical principle that you as a nurse are promoting for a clinet, like giving them pain meds before PT
- Lowest risk
- some available without prescription
- veracity
- telling the truth above all
- After meals
- pc
- patient's self determination act
- basis for advance directives, knowing you have a right to execute your advanced directive
- nursing practice act
- defines standards for nursing, protect public health & safety, welfare, protection from unqualified nurses
- Vietnam War
- Most units used & recruiting efforts were made to maintain enough nurses for the wounded
- The 5 R's
- rights to passing meds - right patient, drug, time, dose, & route
- Dorthea Dix, Superintendant of women nurses for all military hospitals, also:
- helped establish 1st hospital for mentally ill & worked to improve treatment of the mentally ill
- Linda Richards
- 1st US nursing graduate
- how to use strategies to maximize their potential
- In nursing, using "think A-B-Cs" (airway, breathing, circulation) is strategy to make you think critically. It is an example of this critical thinking skill: