Hist140--Cold War
Terms
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- Federal Republic of Germany (FRG/West Germany)
- Created as a parliamentary democracy in 1949 from the Western zones
- German Democratic Republic (GDR/East Germany)
- Established in the Soviet zone of Germany in 1949 with a government dominated by a communist party
- NATO
- A military alliance formed in 1949 between the US, Canada, and 10 Western European nations
- 38th parallel
- In 1945, after the defeat of Japan, Soviet forces occupied Korea north of this location and US occupied Korea southward. By 1949, North Korea had emerged as a nation north of this location with a communist, and South Korea emerged with a non-communist government
- Harry S. Truman
- When North Korea forces attacked South Korea in June 1950, a President quickly decided to help defend South Korea with American troops
- General Douglas MacArthur
- After leading forces of the US Army in Pacific War against Japan, he commanded UN forces in Korea. By Sept 1950, US and SK troops held only a small territory. He caught the NK forces by surprise by landing troops on the western coast of Korea behind the NK army. American and South Korean forces were then able to push NK forces out of South Korea and to advance into North Korea
- Yalu River
- After American and SK forces reached here, which marks the border between China and North Korea, Chinese forces in the late fall of 1959 intervened in the war and drove American and SK forces back into the vicinity of the 38th parallel.
- Hydrogen bomb
- The US tested the first one of these in 1952 on the South Pacific island of Eniwetak, and the Soviet Union tested a hydrogen bomb weapon in 1953
- B-52
- The US introduced this long-range bomber in 1954
- ICBM
- The Soviet Union tested the first intercontinental ballistic missile in 1957
- Sputnik
- The Soivet Union launched the first satellite in 1957
- SLBM
- Both the Soviet Union and the US added sea-launched ballistic missiles stationed on submarines to their nuclear arsenals in the 1960s