PSYCH109
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- The dementia associated with _________ results from a series of small strokes.
- multi-infarct
- Dementia occurs in about _____ of the elderly over 65.
- 15%
- Birren wanted to seperate the effects of primary and secondary aging so he set out to study extremely healthy men. He found that...
- Some participants actually had mild disease. Primary aging is associated with psychomotor slowing. Only secondary aging was associated with lower cognitive test scores. (Answer is all of the above)
- Which of the forms of dementia can be reversible?
- Delerium
- Internal validity is a concept that refers to the degree to which a piece of research allows one to:
- draw unambiguous conclusions
- Higher doeses of antioxidants, such as Vitamin E, are recommended by proponents of the _______ theory of aging.
- Free radical
- Using animal subjects, life expectancy is higher under conditions involving
- severe caloric restriction
- Which of the following is NOT a common age change in visual functioning?
- High presbycusis
- Which of the following age groups was probably most affected by the experience of the Vietnam War?
- Individuals that were adolescence or young adults during the war
- Which of the following factors help to explain why ageism is so widespread?
- Youth oriented society, the Detroit Syndrome, and Lack of contact between age groups (answer is all of the above)
- Which of the following is NOT discussed in the text as part of the contributing causes of Alzheimer's?
- Dopamine
- The organismic model places most emphasis on
- Qualitative change
- If we interpret the results of the cross-sectional study as age related changes we can be
- confounding age differences and cohort effects
- A psychologist who sees human adults as primary passive and responsive to environment is a proponent of the _______ model
- mechanistic
- The degree to which we can generalize the results of a single study to our understanding of human adulthood is a measure of:
- External Validity
- In Alzheimer's, which of the following areas of the brain are heavily concentrated with plaques and tangles?
- Hippocampus
- A researcher is interested in the effects of the number of visitors on a patient's life satisfaction. Life satisfaction is called...
- Dependant variable
- The degree to which a questionaire measures what is it supposed to measure
- validity
- Free radical theory involved molecules within a cell giving a violent reaction when they encounter:
- oxygen
- Experimentor Morality:
- Subjects do not return for subsequent measures
- Normal, disease free movement across adulthood is termed ____ aging.
- Primary
- Functional assessments is (are):
- Evaluations of the basic abilities needed to adequately function in society
- The idea that aging is genetically controlled is proposed by _____ theories of aging.
- Programmed
- Accommodation is the ability to:
- Focus on objects to varying distances
- In the typical longitudinal design, all of the following are possible explanations of the results EXCEPT:
- Cohort differences
- Attending kindergarten is best described as:
- normative age-graded influence on change
- Visual changes occur with aging makes it difficult to discriminate
- blue from green
- There is some evidence that individuals become more ____ as the become older
- androgynous
- Data income and health differences amoung European, African American, and Latino older adults support the _____ hypothesis of aging and ethnicity
- Double Jeopardy
- Which of the following is a threat to external validity of a longitudinal design?
- Use of only one cohort
- __________ is an age related cardiovascular change that results from stiffing of the coronary artery walls
- Arteriosclerosis
- What is not a component of successful aging?
- Dealing with social disengagement
- Deterioration of the substantia nugra which leads to a reduction in dopamine is responsible for
- Parkinson's Disease
- In cross-sectional developmental studies, random selection of subjects usually tend to
- Maximize cohort effects
- Damaged and dying neutrons that collect around a core of protein, produce?
- Plaques
- Women may have a less difficult time with aging than men because:
- Women fare fewer transitions in life because of their domestic roles
- Which of the following statements about health is false?
- The incident of acute illness increasing with age
- Normative age-graded factors are most likely to influence development during:
- Infancy and very old age
- The component of Type A by pattern that is most related to heart disease and other diseases is:
- Hostility
- Cross-sectional research involved measuring the bx of:
- 2 cohort at one point of time
- As the people in a socity improve their diet and exercize habits, would you expect the maximum longetivity of the society to increase/decrease/remain constant?
- Remain constant
- Which of the following can never be an independent variable?
- Age
- When drawing conclusions based on data gathered from developmental research, the major goal is to seperate the effects of:
- Age changes, cohort difference, and time measurement
- Development can be described as:
- Involving gain and loss throughout ones life
- Longitudinal studies of intelligence and initial ability level have shown?
- the people who score highest at the beginning of the study show the same amount of decline as the people who scores less well
- Which aspect is most likey to show declines?
- capacity
- Epigenetic principal in Erikson's theory means that...
- each psychosocial crisis has its own special time of importance
- Research on the effect of practive on reaction time performance of younger and older adults who that
- performance imporves, but age difference remains
- Aspect of clinical depression that could have different meaning in older adults...
- change in sleeping pattern
- Reigal documented that there's a sharp deterioration in intellidence prior to death called...
- terminal drop
- Not a function disorder in elderly...
- Parkinson's Disease
- Cross sectional studies of intellidence tend to show ____ when compared to longitudinal studies of intelligence
- large age related declines in performance
- Items remain in working memory through...
- role rehearsal
- According the the BIG 5 model, which of the following is not a major dimension of personality?
- rigidity
- Horn and Cattel believe that crystallized intelligence increases during adulthood because it reflects...
- cumulative effects of learning experiences
- Reminiscence Bump refers to older adults' tendency to recall memories from...
- late adolescence and early childhood
- Baltes' new selective optimization with compensation as a strategy for....
- successful aging
- Which is not true about meta-memory of older adults?
- Older adults self-reports of the frequency of everyday memory problems is related to objectivity measured laboratory memory performance
- It has been hypothesized that with advanced age, the nervous system takes longer to recover from stimulation. This is referred to as...
- stimulus persistence
- Schaie's sequential research on primary mental abilities reveals...
- little practical decline after age 60
- Primary source of data for Levinson's study of mid-life crisis was collected from...
- expansive interviews with 40 men and 4 occupations
- Being able to maintain attention while performing a task over a long period of time is known as
- vigilance
- Research on developmental trends in pernial operations shows that...
- some adults never attain this level
- Earliest step in info. processing is...
- sensory memory
- Which of Levenson's femal subjects seemed to be experiencing mid-life crisis at age 40
- interdependents
- Jung proposes that in middle age there is a tendency for
- men to become more feminine
- Compared to recall tasks, recognition tasks
- show less age related declines
- Lekman found, exceptional professional achievement to be highest during
- early adulthood
- Baltes have trained older adults to improve their performance on fluid intelligence by the concept of
- plasticity
- Tendency for nonverbal performance abilities to deteriorate more rapidly than verbal abilities
- classical aging pattern
- Pragmatics of mind...
- mental software
- Erickson's theory, which is characteristic of middle adulthood
- generativity vs. stagnation
- According to Jung, which increases with age for both men and women..
- introversion
- Which is a valid critism of Erickson's theory?
- ALL OF THE ABOVE
- Greatest age-related decrements
- encoding
- Longitudinal study when an individuals personality compared to others of their cohort remains fairly constant, is referred to as
- normative stability
- Which may result in sensory loss...
- paranoia
- Risk factors for depression in older adults
- ALL OF THE ABOVE
- Psychopathology...
- ALL OF THE ABOVE
- Gutman believes that: personality is most sex-typed in young adulthood because of
- parental imperative
- Erickson's 9th stage...
- gero-transendence
- Studies show of selective attention - have shown that older adults have more difficulty tuning out irrelevant info...
- stroop test
- Older adults seem to have deficits on many skills, yet continue to perform well on complex, well practiced tests because of
- compensation
- Which is false?
- Age declines are greater for semantic than episodic
- Which is true?
- ALL OF THE ABOVE
- Which is true of post-formal thought?
- emotion is integrated with logic to solve problems
- ______ is found more often in elderly and is a minor depression that is characterized by lack of interest and feeling that everybody is an
- depletion syndrome