Mechanisms of Diseases
Terms
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- NL GFR and CCRE
- 125mL/min
- GFR in CRF
- goes to 10mL/min and below
- NL PCre
- <1.3mg/dL
- Total Urinary Creatinine Clearance per day
- 1-2 grams
- BUN
- 8-20 mg/dL
- NL BUN/Pcre
- 10-15
- BUN/Pcre ratio in PreRenal Azotemia
- greater than or equal to 20
- NL FENa
- <1-5%
- FENa in PreRenal Azotemia
- <1%
- FENa in contrast agent Renal Azotemia
- <1%
- FENa in Renal Azotemia
- >1%
- FENa in PostRenal Azotemia
- >1%(>4%)
- UNa PreRenal Azotemia
- <10mEq/L
- UOsm PreRenal Azotemia
- >450mOsm/kg
- FENa PreRenal Azotemia
- <1%
- BUN/Pcre PreRenal Azotemia
- >20
- FENa Renal Azotemia
- >4%
- Hypokalemia
- <3.5 mEq/L
- Hyperkalemia
- >5.5 mEq/L
- NL Total urinary Protein/day
- 150mg
- Minimal Proteinuria
- <0.5g/day
- Moderate Proteinuria(Nephritic Syndrome)
- 0.5-3.5g/day
- Marked Proteinuria (Nephrotic Syndrome)
- >3.5g/day
- NL Urinary Protein/Creatinine ratio on "spot" urine
- <0.2
-
NL Urine Osmolality on "spot"
after 12 hour fluid restriction - >800mOsm/kg
-
Renal Impairment Urine Osmolality on "spot"
after 12 hour fluid restriction - <400mOsm/kg
- Spot Urine for Myoglobin, if positive indicates
- Crush injury, polymyositis, recent surgery, rhobdomyolysis, electrical burn
- universal sign that kidney fx is compromised
- increased BUN and PCre
-
Selective Proteinuria (loss of charge barrier)
Urine IgG/Transferrin ratio - <0.1
-
Nonselective Proteinuria (loss of size barrier)
Urine IgG/Transferrin ratio - >0.1
- Hematuria
- >5 cells per hpf
- Pyuria
- >5 cells per hpf
- Dysmorphic RBCs in Urine
- Glomerulonephritis
- RBC Casts in Urine
- Glomerulonephritis
- WBC Casts in urine
- Pyelonephritis
- Epithelial Cell Casts in urine
- Acute Tubular Necrosis
- Fatty Casts in urine
- Nephrotic Syndrome
- Waxy Casts in urine
- Chronic Renal failure
- NL Urine Dip should be - for...
- Glucose, Protein, Ketones, Blood, Bilirubin, Nitrite, Leukocyte Esterase
- Mic Analysis of NL Urine should be - for...
-
bacteria, casts
(sometimes see hyaline and epithelial cell cast) - Urine dip pos for blood but no cells under mic analysis is indicative of
- Hb and Mb in urine