A&P I 2
Terms
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- What joints lacks a synovial cavity?
- Cartilaginous joints
- What are bones tightly connected by?
- Fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage
- Synovial Joints separates what?
- Articulating Bones
- Synovial are ______ movable.
- Freely
- Name two things that artcular cartilage does.
- Reduces friction and absorbs shock
- What surrounds a joint?
- Articular joint
- The synovial membrane is the what?
- Inner lining of capsule
- What does the synovial membrane secrete?
- Synovial fluid containing hyaluronic acid
- Bursae is what?
- Saclike structures between structures
- Arthroscopy
- examination of joint
- Arthroplasty
- Replacement of joints
- Poor circulation/blood flow=
- poor nutrition to tissues = slow healing
- What joint has side to side movement only?
- Planar joint
- Give 3 examples of planar joints
-
~Intercarpal/tarsal
~Sternoclavicular
~Vertebrocostal - What joint is like a door hinge?
- Hinge joint
- In a hinge joint, convex surface of one bones fits into what?
- Concave surface of second bone
- Give 4 examples of a hinge joint.
-
~Knee
~Elbow
~Ankle
~Interphalngeal - In a pivot joint, rounded surface of bone articulates with what?
- Ring formed by second bone & ligament
- What is the pivot joint monaxial?
- Because it allows only rotation around longitudinal axis
- Give 3 examples of a pivot joint.
-
~Proximal radioulnar joint
~Supination
~Pronation - What does the atlanto-axial joint allow a person to do?
- Turning the head side to side ("no")
- What is the condyloid or ellipsodial joint comparable to?
- An advanced joystick
- What joint is an oval-shaped projection that fits into an oval depression?
- Condyloid or Ellpipsoidal Joint
- Biaxial is...
- flex/extend or abduct/adduct is possible
- Give an example of Condyloid or Ellpipsoidal Joint.
- Wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints for digist 2 to 5
- What joint is like a person sitting in a saddle?
- The saddle joint
- What does circumduction allow?
- Tip of thumb to travel in a circle
- What does oppostition allow?
- Tip of thumb to touch tip of other fingers
- In a ball and socket joint, what does the ball fit into?
- A cuplike depression
- Give 2 examples of a ball and socket joint
-
~Hip joint
~Should joint - What is a bursae?
- fluid-filled saclike extension of the joint capsule
- What does the bursae do?
- Reduces friction between moving structures
- What are tendon sheaths?
- Tubelike bursae that wrap around tendons at wrist and ankle where many tendons come together in an confined space
- What is bursitis?
- Chronic inflammation of a bursae
- Where does circumduction occur?
- Occurs at ball and socket, saddle, and condyloid joints
- In rotation, the bones revolves around what?
- Its own longitudinal axis
- What is medial rotation?
- Turning of anterior surface in towards the midline
- What lateral rotation?
- Turning of anterior surface away from the midline
- Name 4 special movements of mandible.
-
~Elevation=upward
~Depression=downward
~Protraction=forward
~Retraction=backward - Name 6 special movements of the hand and foot
-
~Inversion
~Eversion
~Dorsiflexion
~Plantarfelxion
~Pronation
~Supination - What makes up the shoulder joint?
- Head of humerus and glenoid cavity of scapula
- The glenohumeral joint is what?
- The shoulder joint
- What does the rotator cuff attach?
- The humerus to the scapula
- What kind of joint is the elbow joint?
- Hinge joint
- In the elbow joint, what does the collateral ligaments do?
- Maintain integrity of joint (keep joint in place)
- What is one of the strongest strucutes in the body?
- The hip joint
- Where is the tibiofermoral joint located?
- Between femur, tibia, and patella
- What kind of joint is between the tibia and femur?
- Hinge joint
- What kind of joint is between the patella and femur?
- Gliding joint
- What is the tibiofermoral joint mostly made up of?
- Ligaments and tendons
- A tendon is what?
- bone to muscle
- A ligament is what?
- bone to bone