Jewish Tradition Final 2
Terms
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- Hillul Ha-Shem
- “Profanation of God’s Nameâ€
- Kiddush
- “sanctification†the prayer welcoming the Sabbath festival over wine
- Kiddush Ha-Shem
- “sanctification of God’s nameâ€
- Kinyan
- “acquisition†formal act to denote that there has been a transfer of property
- Kosher
- “fit†or “proper†dietary laws of Judaism
- Mappah
- “tablecloth†notes of Rabbi Isserles to the Shulhan Arukh of Rabbi Karo
- Massekhet
- “web†tractate of the Talmud
- Matzah
- unleavened bread eaten on Passover
- Mazzal Tov
- “good luckâ€
- Mekhilta
- “measure†rabbinic commentary to the book of Exodus
- Midrash
- rabbinic commentaries to the bible
- Mishnah
- “teaching†summary of Jewish teaching compiled by Rabbi Judah the prince at the end of the 2nd century
- Mishneh Torah
- the title of Maimonides’ code of Jewish law completed 1180
- P'shat
- simple contextual meaning of a biblical text
- Rav
- the lesser title given to the Babylonian Amoraim
- Rabbi
- the superior title given to the Tannaim and the Palestinian Amoraim
- Rishonim
- “the early ones†the pre-Shulhan Arukh legal authorities
- Seder
- “order†home service on Passover
- She'elot u-teshuvot
- “Questions and Answersâ€, responsa legal inquiries to and responses of leading Jewish authorities
- Shehitah
- traditional method of killing animals for food
- Shema
- “hear†Israel’s declaration of faith
- Shulhan Arukh
- “Set Table†code of Rabbi Karo with notes by Rabbi Isserles
- Siphra
- “the book†rabbinic commentary to the book of Leviticus
- Siphre
- “the books†rabbinic commentary to the book of numbers and deuteronomy
- Tanna
- “teacher†rabbis of the first two centuries C.E.
- Terefah
- “torn†item which is no longer religiously acceptable, not kosher food
- Torah
- “the law†5 books of mosses and Jewish teachings (oral)
- Tosaphists
- school of French commentators to the Talmud
- Tosephta
- “supplement†additional source to the Mishnah of Tannaitic teachings
- Tur
- “row†codes of Jacob ben Asher
- Tzaddik
- the righteous man
- tzedakah
- charity or justice
- Yad Ha-Hazakah
- “the strong hand†code of maimonides
- Yom Kippur
- day of atonement
- Bavli
- Babylonian Talmud edited during the 6th or 7th century CE
- Bikkur holim
- mitzvah of visiting the sick
- B'rit Milah
- “covenant of circumcision†surgical removal of the foreskin as a sign of the covenant between God and the Jewish people
- Aggadah
- the non-legal part of Rabbinic literature
- Aharonim
- “the later ones†the post-Shulhan Arukh legal authorities
- Amora
- (amoraim) the post-Mishnaic teachers in Palestine and Babylon
- Baraita
- (baraitot) teachings of the Tannaim not included in the Mishnah
- Bar metzra
- “son of the boundary†a man owning a field adjoining another field up for sale has the first potion on that field
- Ben
- "son of"
- Bet Ha-Midrash
- “House of study†the building attached to or near to the synagogue in which Torah is studied
- Bimah
- "Platform⬝ from which Torah is studied
- D'rash
- a sermon usually based on a creative reading of a text
- Gemara
- “Teaching†an Aramaic word denoting the discussions of the Palestinian and Babylonian Amoraim (Talmud)
- Genevah
- “theft†stealing by stealth
- Geonim
- (gaon) “Excellency†the heads of the Babylonian schools of Sura and Pumbedita from the 6th to 10th centuries C.E.
- Gezelah
- “robbery†stealing by force directly
- Geriva
- a very small piece of land
- Halakhah
- “to walk†the legal side of Judaism and legal discussions or rabbis