The Punic Wars
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- The First Punic war was mainly fought over what mass of land?
- Sicily
- Which force eventually conquered Sicily?
- Rome
- What were the rules set out in the resulting peace treaty?
- Rome gets Sicily, and Carthage has to pay massive reparations
- Where did Carthage turn its attention after the war?
- Spain and its mines
- A treaty was fixed, stating that the borders between the two powers would eventually be set at a river. What is the name of this river?
- Ebro
- The Carthaginians soon attacked a city on their side of the river that was engaged in a peace treaty with Rome. What is this city named?
- Seguntum
- How many elephants did Hannibal take with him over the Alps?
- 37
- How many of these elephants survived the crossing?
- 1 - It became Hannibal's personal mount.
- What tactics did the Romans use to wither down Hannibal's large army rampaging through Italy?
- Guerilla tactics
- What are the names of three major battles in the Second Punic War lost by the Romans?
- Trebia, Trasimene, Cannae
- While all this is going on, what famous Roman general is capturing all of Carthage's possessions in Spain and cutting off Hannibal's supply lines?
- Scipio Africanus
- This general then attacks Carthage. What happens as a result of this?
- Hannibal is recalled to defend Carthage.
- At what decisive battle is Hannibal defeated, and where did it happen?
- The battle of Zama, outside the gates of Carthage.
- What are the results of the peace treaty following this battle?
- Carthage loses Spain and Numidia, has to pay reparations, and can no longer declare war without Rome's permission.
- Name three reasons for the boom in the Roman economy after these wars.
-
- mines in Spain
- economic monopoly over western Mediterranean
- reparations from Carthage - What act provoked Carthage's independant declaration of war?
- Numidians were raiding Carthaginian border farms.
- What tactics did Rome use to defeat Carthage this time?
- They used a lengthy siege.
- How did the Romans keep this up, especially due to the presence of connections from the outside through the Mediterranean?
- In true Roman fashion, they built a massive wall in the sea around Carthage.
- What happens to Carthage once it is defeated?
- It is burned to the ground.
- What happens to its inhabitants?
- They are killed or sold into slavery.