jazz history 2
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- Cab Calloway
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(1907-1994) swing
-one of the most popular and colorful bandleaders to emerge during the 1930's and 1940's
- nickname was "the hi-de-ho man"
- his band, the Missourians, played at the Cotton Club and were in several films - Jimmie Lunceford
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(1902- 1947) swing
- his band was known for its on-stage antics, with the musicians waving their derby hats or their horns in the air.
-played at the Cotton Club
- performed novelty numbers as well as sweet arrangements and hot instrumentals
- no band equaled Lunceford's commercial showmanship - Chick Webb
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house band at Harlem's Savoy Ballroom, a premier jazz spot for listening and dancing during the 1930's.
- one of most influential drummers of the early swing period
- discovered and launced career of vocalist, Ella Fitzgerald - Jimmy Harrison
- one of the most significant trombone players of the 1920's and early 1930s who greatly advanced the technique of the instrument
- Tommy and Jimmy Dorsey
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among the most popular swing-era bandleaders
tommy was a trombonist and jimmy a saxophonist. - Glenn Miller
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-trombonist
-his band was among the most famous of the swing era
- joined the US Air Force in 1942 to form a band to entertain troops. got on a plane, but the plane never landed (shot down?)
-remembered for his arrangements - Artie Shaw
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-most interesting of the white bandleaders to ahieve celebrity during the swing era.
- only clarinetist to rival Goodman in popularity
8 marriages, recorded "little jazz" in 1944 - Coleman Hawkins
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-elevated the tenor sax to prominence as a jazz voice
- toured with the jazz hounds with Marrie Smith - Lester Young
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most significant tenor saxophonist to escape the influence of Hawkins
-was a featured soloist with the count basie band
early recordings in 1936 with solos on "oh, lady be good" and "shoe shine boy" - Roy Eldridge
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hailed successor to louis armstrong
- brought to the trumpet the more harmony-based, vertical improvisation approach
-exploited the three-octave range of the trumpet and his solos exhibited a fiery vigor and an ability to handle breakneck combos
-played at mintons playhouse in the early 940s - teddy wilson
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most influential swing era pianist
principally played better in groups, - gene krupa
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became one of Goodman's most important sidemen and possibly most idolized
- probably most well-known drummer of the swing era - charlie christian
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-revolutionized jazz guitar playing, one of greatest guitar players in jazz history (swing-bebop)
- first major player to feature electric guitar in jazz ensembles (instrument made available in 1935)
-complete soloist - benny carter
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-personified the history of jazz
-was probably one of the two leading alto saxophone stylists of swing, the other was johnny hodges - billie holiday
- -touchstone pf jazz singing
- bebop
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emergence in the 1940s, represented a radical rejection of the musical conventions of the swing era, performed in bars and nightclubd, played for listening rather than dancing, 5 or 6 musicians
-mintons playhouse and monroes uptown house - sarah vaughn
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1924-1990
-became a preeminent jazz singer, possibly the greatest to develop in the bebop era - billy eckstine
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suave baritone vocalisr, played trumpet and valve trombone
-the eckstine band of 1944 has frequently been called "the first bebop big band" - charlie parker
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probably the greatest, most brilliant saxaphonist of all time
-"groovin high, "koko", dizzy atmosphere, all the things you are, salt peanuts" - dizzy gillespie
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trumpet player, architect of bebop
-"manteca"
-great personalities and elder statesman of jazz scene - bud powell
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considered finest of the bop pianists
-right hand bop piano style
-father of modern jazz piano
new yorker - thelonius monk
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erratic, awkward, odd piano style
-rooted in harlem stride tradition
-house pianist at Mintons
-"four in one" - fats navarro
- noteable trumpeter of the bebop era
- woody herman
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white clarinetist from milwaukee
-brought bebop sounds to a wider audience and probably recieved the greatest commercial success in this style - claude thornhill
- pianisr in big band bebop
- James Reese Europe
- introduced the foxtrot
- Scott Joplin
- maple leaf rag, made ragtime rag
- dixieland
- first jazz style to become popular
- original dixieland jazz band
- first jazz group to record in 1917
- Black Swan
- first black record label in 1921
- Genett
- top jazz label in 1920's
- Paul Whiteman
- white bandleader, king of jazz
- george gerswhin
- wrote rhapsody in blue, I got rhythm
- duke ellington
- stareted swing in 1927, played piano at the cotton club
- Benny Goodman
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got swing REALLY going in 1935 in the Palomar ballroom. teenagers loved it
clarinetist, father of swing - James P. Johnson
- father of stride piano
- W.C. Handy
- father of Blues
- Miles Davis
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trumpeter
birth of cool jazz, modal jazz, fused jazz and rock--called music "fusion" - john coltrane
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came out of miles davis' group, recorded album "love supreme",
-avante garde style - stan Kenton and woody herman
- third stream bandleaders
- free jazz
- drummer Chico Hamilton first experienced with it. Coleman, saxophonist came out with album free jazz
- verve records
- 50’s big jazz record label
- Oscar Peterson
- canadien pianist, managed ella fitzgerald
- hard bop
- started by Art Blakey in 50's similar to bebop, but more emotional and slower
- end of jazz popularity in 60's
- british invasion, commercialization, R and B, death of jazz legends
- what makes jazz popular again?
- generational gap, jazz in universities, jazz literature
- Nat "king" Cole
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First Black jazz artist to have a weekly radio show
-singer - third stream music
- ⬢ A blend of jazz and European concert music. In many instances, third-stream composers create concert works that allow for improvisation within larger-scale structures influenced by both jazz and concert music
- Art Tatum
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⬢One of the most prestigious virtuosos in jazz history
⬢Blind in one eye and visually impaired in the other. He learned to read music in Braille. - Jelly Roll Morton
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pianist, fist important composer-arranger in jazz
self proclaimed inventor of jazz - Dave Brubeck
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one of the most commercially successful jazz musicians of the 50's and 60's
pianist-composer