07Buddhism
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- Who is Siddhartha Gautama?
- A Hindu prince who founded Buddhism.
- What was Siddhartha's early life like?
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He was surrounded by luxury and pleasure. His father hid all negative things from him.
- What three sights shocked Buddha into the realization that life was not perfect?
- He saw old age, illness and death, which his father had hidden from him.
- What did Siddhartha do after he left his father's palace?
- He became a Hindu ascetic and practiced yoga and extreme self-denial.
- What is a mandala?
- A geometric design used when meditating.
- How did Siddhartha become the Buddha?
- He meditated under a bodhi tree for many days until he formulated his "Middle path".
- What is a Middle Path?
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A spiritual path that avoids extremes, neither extreme luxury nor extreme asceticism.
- What is Nirvana?
- Nirvana is the ultimate goal of Buddhism, as moksha is in Hinduism. Nirvana can be defined as bliss, end of rebirth, salvation, etc. Buddha was never specific.
- What is Buddha's Fourth Noble Truth?
- That one can end suffering by following the Eightfold Path.
- What was Buddha's First Noble Truth?
- The Truth that Life is Suffering.
- What was Buddha's Second Noble Truth?
- The Truth that Suffering is caused by desire, greed, ego.
- What is Buddha's Third Noble Truth?
- That suffering can be ended in this life.
- What is the Eightfold Path?
- The Eightfold Path illustrates the moral principles in which all Buddhists should practice. It goes into detail about the basis of all Buddhist teachings: morality, meditation, and wisdom.
- What are the eight parts of the Eightfold Path?
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Right Knowledge
Right Thinking
Right Speech
Right Conduct
Right Livelihood
Right Effort
Right Mindfulness
Right Concentration
- What are the five precepts?
- No harming other creatures, no lying, no stealing, Take care of the body and mind (no intoxicants or stimulants), no lust.
- How do Hindus view Buddha?
- As an incarnation of the God Vishnu. Although Buddhism spread to East and Southeast Asia, it declined in India.
- How does Buddhism differ from Hinduism?
- It rejects the caste system and believes that each individual can attain Enlightenment through his/her own effort, not through suffering many rebirths.
- Who was Asoka the Great?
- An Indian Conqueror who converted to Buddhism after a violent war. He sent Buddhist missionaries in all directions out of India. After his death, Hinduism again asserted itself as the major religion.
- What is the major form of Buddhism in Japan?
- Zen Buddhism. The Samurai of Japan practiced it for the mental discipline. It influenced the Japanese arts and blended with Japanese Shinto.
- How did the ancient Japanese samurai warriors justify killing with Buddhism's message of peace and non-violence?
- They believed that samurai are always reborn as samurai and never reach Nirvana. The Japanese arts were practiced by warriors in peacetime and required the same precision as swordsmanship and fighting.
- How did Buddhism spread to East and Southeast Asia?
- By Trade and Missionaries.
- What is a mantra?
- A syllable or phrase (OM) chanting during meditation.
- Who is the spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhism or lamaism?
- The Dalai Lama, winner of the Nobel Peace Price for his human rights efforts in Tibet.