Social Studies- WWII
Terms
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- Describe Hitler's Germany
-
1) Authoritarian
2) charasmatic leader
3) denies basic liberties/rights
4) uses censorship
5) uses force to CONTROL opposition
-unnecessarily kills - Why did many Italins turn to fascism?
-
1) reaction to communist victory in Russia
2) angry war veterans
3) restore glory of Roman Empire
4) economic conditions after WWI
5) By 1921-35 member in Parliament= facist - Does Italy succeed as an authoritarian state?
- No
- Define authoritarianism
- A political system that stresses obedience to authory but exercises less control over the lives of its citizens than a totalitarian state
- What two themes did Hitler stress?
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1) racism
2) nationalism - What were some things that Hitler promised?
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1) restore German pride
2) promised to pull Germany out of
depression
3) Broke German out of "unfair" Versaille
Treaty
4) Promised to take back land lost in
treaty - Name the 4 steps of Hitler's rise to power
-
1) 1930-Rising unemployment
2) 1933-Nazi Party= largest number in
Reichstag
3) 1933- Hitler appointed chancellor of
Germany
4) 1934- Hitler becomes dictator and the
Reichstag is stripped of all power - Under Hitler's control, Germany______ the Versaille Treaty
- renounces
- In what way does Germany renounce the Versaille Treaty?
-
1) re-arms
2) 550,000 men army--> way over limit
set in Versaille treaty - What does it mean when I say that Britain and France practiced appeasement?
- They gave in to avoid conflict. France and Britain scolded Germany but were unwilling to take action, feared another war
- What was Mussolini's first move that showed he was on the road to war?
- Built up the Italian army
- What was the 1st country that Mussolini invaded? What was the League of Nations response?
- Ethiopia. The League denounced the nation and refused to sell weapons to Italy
- After what event in Germany were Jews made to wear yellow Stars of David?
- Kristallnacht
- What was the Axis Alliance?
- military alliance between Italy and Germany--> Japan joins 3 years later
- What was Hitler's reasoning for taking over all the countries he took over?
-
He said that since they spole German they should be part of Germany
Nationalism* - What did Britain do in response to Hitler's "spree of land-taking"
- They cut back their military. Didn't want to look like a threat
- What happened 6 months after the Munich Conference that violated what was agreed upon at that conference?
- Germany took the rest of Czech.
- What is the importance of the date September 1, 1939
- Germany launches lightening war on Poland and Britain and France declare war on Germany
- What effect did The Great Depression have on Japan?
-
1) cause declone in Japanese trade
2) military argues for imperialism; more land=prosperity; the idea being to stimulate the economy - What happened at the London Naval Conference?
- Britain and the US allow Japan to increase navy...5 year limit
- In 1931, Japanese aggression began. How did the League of Nations react?
-
-violated the Versaille treaty
-violated Washington Conference
League demanded Japan stop, Japan refused and resigned from the league - Was the Japanese military legally elected to the diet?
- Yes
- What did the military do to silence their opposition?
-
1) threat
2) terror
3) assasination
FASCIST - How did the US react to Japanese aggression
- the US began to reduce trade with Japan
- What did the US do that made it seem as though they were not as neutral as they claimed to be?
- THe US sold, then loaned weapons and other military equiptment to Allies
- In June 1941 what did the US do with their Pacific fleet's California base
-
They moved it to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii for safety measures
Japan viewed this as offensive - What was the US's response when Japan continued to conquer countries What was Japan's response?
- FDR froze Japanese assets in US and demanded that Japan remove its troops from the countries. Japan froze US assets in Japan
- In a secret meeting between ________ and _______ a list of war goals were made. List the 3 war goals and fill in the blanks.
-
FDR and Churchill
1) not fighting for land
2)right of every nation to choose its
own form of government
3) freedom of trade - List 4 things US did wrong when it comes to Pearl Harbor
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1) military at high state of alert
2) put planes grouped together
3) did not properly patrol area
4) did not pay careful attention - How many waves of attack where there supposed to be? What was the first on?
-
supposed to be 3 waves
1) battleship row - How many months later was it until the US was back in the war?
- 6 months
- What is the importance of the Battle of the Coral Sea?
- 1st naval battle where ships never came on sight of one another
- List 3 results of the Battle of the Coral Sea
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1) Japanese lost 1 air-craft carrier
2) United States lost 1 air-craft
carrier
3) stopped Japanese form going into
Australia - What was the importance of the Battle of Midway?
- Turning point of war in the Pacific because the Japanese could not replace all of the ships lost, so the fleet was never as strong