AP Literature Midterm
Terms
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- Allusion
- A reference in a work of literature to something outside the work, especially to a well-known historical or literary event, person, or work.
- Attitude
- A speaker's, author's or character's dispostion toward or opinon of a subject.
- Alliteration
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Repetition of the same sound beginning several words in a sentence.
*Let us go forth to lead the land we love. J.F. Kennedy, Inaugural - Anaphora
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The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses or lines.
"I have a dream..." - Antithesis
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Opposition or contrast of ideas or words in a balanced or parallel construction.
*Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more. Shakespeare, Julius Ceasar. - Apostrophe
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A sudden turn from the general audience to address a specific group or person or personified abstraction absent or present
*for Brutud as you know, was Caesar's angel. Judge, O you gods, how dearly Ceasar loved him. Shakespeare, Julius Caesar - Archaism
- use of an older or absolete form
- Assonance
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Repetition of the same sound in words close to each other
*thy kingdom come, thy will be done. - Cacophony
- Harsh joining of sounds
- Chiasmus
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two corresponding pairs arranged not in parallels (a-b-a-b) but in inverted order (a-b-b-a).
*Those gallant men will remain often in my thoughts and in my prayers alwyas. Macarthur - Climax
- arrangement of words, phrases, or clauses in an order of ascending power.
- Euphemism
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Substitution of an agreeable for an objectionable word
*Jaime was laid off yesterday - Hyperbole
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Exageration for emphasis or for rhetorical effect.
*The whole world knew her secret - Irony
- Expression of something which is contrary to the intended meaning; the words say one thing but mean another.
- Litotes
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understatement
*one nuclear bomb can ruin your whole day. - Metaphor
- Implied comparison achieved through a figurative use of words; the word is used not in its literal sense, but in one analagous to it.
- Metonymy
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Substitution of one word for another which it suggests.
*The pen is mightier than the sword. - Onomatopoeia
- use of words to imitate natural sounds.
- Oxymoron
- apparent paradox achieved by the juxtaposition of words which seem to contradict one another
- Paradox
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an assertion seemingly opposed to common sense but that may yet have some truth in it.
*What a pity that youth must be wasted on the young. George Bernard Shaw - Personification
- Attribution of personality to an impersonal thing
- Simile
- An explicit comparisoin between two things using 'like' or 'as'
- Synecdoche
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understanding one thing with another, the use of a part for the whole, or the whole for the part(A form of metonymy)
*Give us this day our daily bread. Matthew 6 - Tautology
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repetition of an idea in a different word, phrase, or sentence
*with malice toward none, with charity for all. Lincoln, Second Inaugural - parody
- A work that imitates anothe for comic effect
- Satire
- Writing that seeks to arouse a reader's disapporval of an object by ridicule. Usually exposes errors.
- Fable or Parable
- A short allegorical story that illustrates a moral
- Setting
- Background of the story; time and place
- Theme
- Teh main or underlying meaning of a work of art
- Tone
- The author's attitude toward his work