CH.5 Embryology flashcards
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- Which of the following structures is the most substantial contributor to the diaphragm?
- Septum Transversum
- Prior to the head fold, the anterior to posterior order of these structures is
- Septum transversum, heart primordium, oropharyngeal membrane, neural plate
- After the head fold, the anterior to posterior order of these structures is
- Neural plate, oropharyngeal membrane, heart primordium, septum transversum
- A neonate has a normal physical examination except for amputation distruptions of finders 2-5 on the right hand. Digits 3-5 have only nubbins remaining, but a fleshy band of tissue is wrapped around the hypoplastic digit 2. The mother was on hormone supp
- Explain that this is an amniotic band disruption with minimal recurrence risk and no relation to hormone therapy
- The change in orientation of structures by the tail fold is most accurately described as
- Allantois-cloacal membrane-neural plate to neural plate-cloacal-membrane-allantois
- The lateral fold brings which of the following gorups os structures into the umbilical cord?
- Yolk sac, allantios, connecting stalk mesoderm
- After the lateral folds are completed, the ventral separation of peritoneal cavity and amnion is composed of what structures?
- Somatic layer of lateral plate mesoderm and surface ectoderm, called jointly the somatopleure
- A neonate presents with an open cranium, virtually no skull above the eye brows, and disorganized neural tissue within the cranial opening. The embryonic origin of this anomaly is
- Failed closure of the cranial neuropore at about 4 weeks post fertilization
- The first signs of ear an deye development visible on the embryonic surface are the
- Lens placode and otic placodes
- This structure contains the major artery to each section of the gut
- Dorsal mesentery
- This structure disappears excepts near the distal portion of the esophagus
- Ventral mesentery
- This structure contains planchnic lateral plate mesoderm and gut endoderm
- Splanchnopleure
- This sturcture divides the peritoneal cavity ventrally in certain portions of the embryo
- Ventral mesentery
- This structure separates the pleural and peritoneal cavities
- Pleuroperitoneal membrane
- This structure contributes to the diaphragm
- Pleuroperitoneal membrane
- The intervillous spaces of the placenta derive from
- Lacunae in the synctiotrophoblast
- Which sequence best describes the maternal placental circulation?
- Sprial arteries, intervillous spaces, endometrial veins
- Which sequence best describes the feto-placental circulation?
- Stem villi, umbilical vein, fetal heart, umbilical artery
- Which group of structures constitutes the placental membrane that is interposed between the fetal and maternal circlations?
- Synctiotrophoblast, cytotrophoblast, connective tissue in the chorionic villus, endothelium of the fetal capillaries
- A neonate exhibits severe respiratory distress in the delivery room. A chest x-ray shows the outlines of intestines and intestinal gas in the left chest, compressing the heart and lungs. The child cannot be resuscitated, and expries with severe acidosis
- Congential disphragmatic hernia with inadequate lung volume due to fetal underdevelopment of the lungs
- Persists as a Meckel diverticulum in 2% of individuals
- Yolk sac
- Involutes to become the median umbilical ligament
- Allantois
- May accumulate extra fliud with anomalies such as duodenal atresia
- Amnion
- Premature separation from decidua may cause fetal death
- Placenta
- May persist as the urachus
- Allantois
- One-fourth of their DNA is identical
- Superfecundation
- Identical DNA with shared body parts
- Conjoined twins
- Identical DNA, very different sizes
- Parasitic twins
- One-half of their DNA is identical
- Dizygotic twins
- Always two amnions and two chorions
- Dizygotic twins
- Somites
- pictures on pg15 of E5
- First branchial arch
- pics on pg15
- Lens placode
- pics on pg15
- If you were asked to counsel a couple regarding the fetus shown in Fig. 5-1, the most likely diagnosis and recurrence risk would be
- Amniotic band disruption with multiple anomalies, <1% risk for amniotic band disruption in future pregnancies