Chapters 5-9

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movement that supported science and technology, based on Protestant moral beliefs and supported by farmers, laborers, industrialists, and merchants: progressivism
journalists' nickname from Roosevelt: muckrakers
names of 3 magazines that were popular in the muckraker movement: McClures, Collier's, Cosmopolitan
Author of The Octopus, a s 1901 novel about Southern Pacific railroads and their treatment of sheep ranchers: Frank Norris
Author of Shame of Cities, which complained about the bankers anf corporations that bought their own laws in big cities: Lincoln Steffens
Author of the Jungle (1906), which unearthed the injustices in Chicago's meat-packing industry: Sinclair Lewis
Political party/movement that wanted society to control government, factories, and farmland; antagonized capitalism, preached class welfare, and made Americans fear it after the Russian Revolution: socialism
leader of the Socialist Party of America: Eugene Debs
Author of Women & Economics; advocated child care centers and common dining facilities in the workplace: Charlotte Perkins Gilman
two famous birth control advocates: Mary Ware Dennett and Margaret Sanger
Company that contained a fire in 1911 that killed 146 workers: Triangle Shirtwaist Company
PA native who helped write Illinois factory inspection laws: Florence Kelley
court case in which Florence Kelley secured a ten-hour work-day maximum: Muller vs. Oregan
Nation American WOmen's Suffrage Association leader: Carrie Chapman Catt
National Women's Party leader: Alice Paul
Black activist who called blacks to accept low status and look for economic power: Booker T. Washington
Black acitivst who attended the Niagra Falls movement to demand full civil rights and an end to segregation: W.E.B. du Bois
white progressive also present at Niagra Falls, who helped to create the NAACP: Jane Adams
Ohio manufacturer and mayor who made major reforms: Samuel "Golden Rule" Jones
system of government in which five commissioners are chosen from their respective fields (i.e., police, fire, public works, etc.) city where it was first used: Commission system

Galveston, TX
system of government in which voters elect a council and the council elects a manager city where it was first used: City-manager plan

Staunton, VA
system of governmenti n which the voters elect several officials who share responsibilities: mayor-council plan
Wisconsin governor who institutes direct primary, initiative, rfeendum, Legislative Reference Bureau, recall: Robert La Follette
governor of California who instituted direct primary, initiative, referendum, recall, a non-partisan ballot, and cross-filing; tried to stop aliens from owning California land in 1913: Hiram Johnson
"laboratory of democracy": Wisconsin
act that banned impure and mislabeled foods: Pure Food and Drug Act
act passed in 1906 that required safe meat to be sold: Meat INspection Act
1st federal regulatory agency, created to set railroad rates: Interstate Commerce Commission
architect from CHicago who coined the terms "form follows function", "organic simplicity", and "prairie style"; worked in Unity Temple (oak Park, IL): Frank Lloyd Wright
1st president to cultive personal popularity: Theodore Roosevelt
act that outlawed monopolies, used by teh Attorney General against teh North Securities Company: Sherman Antitrust Act
act that forbade rebates: Elkins Act
act that gave the Interstate Commerce COmmission the power to set maximum railroad rates: Hepburn Act
Leader and Group involved in the COal Strike of 1902: United Mine Workers of America, John Mitchell
company that played workers against each other, refused to recognize the union: J.P. Morgan trust
system in which a party's candidates are chosen by the voters instead of by party members at a convention: direct primary
reform that allowed voters to introduce laws through petitions and to enact laws directly by a popular vote: initiative
reform that allowed citizens to approve or reject a proposed law or put forth a new one: referendum
reform that allowed voters to remove an official from office: recall
term for Roosevelt's act of breaking monopolies through law suits: trustbusting
method of settling disgreements between employers and workers through a legally binding decision by an impartial person or group: arbitration
group during the western water rights battle that promoted mining, logging, and grazing on federal lands: conservationists
group during the western water rights battle that advocated the protection of scenic places and the creation of parks and reserves: preservationalists
the restoration to productivity of dry lands by irrigation: reclamation
two main figures in the advocation of reservoirs to store runoff and rain for irrigation: John Wesley Powell, Frederick Haynes Newell
Roosevelt's advisor on natural resources (conservationist): Gifford Pinchot
founder of the Sierra Club (reservationist): John Muir
Location that San Franciscan conservationists wanted to flood for the city water supply, which caused a huge conflict with the preservationists: Hetch-Hetchy Valley
Winner of the 1908 presidential election who alienated conservationists: William Howard Taft
Secretary of the Interior under Taft who favored state or private control of Western development (Pinchot disagreed, and Taft fired Pinchot): Richard A. Ballinger
Party created by the Republican split (nicknamed the "Bull Moose" party): Progressive Party
Winner of the 1912 Presidential election on the platform of "New Freedom": Woodrow Wilson
two taxes passed during the early 1900s: Payne-Aldrich Tariff
Underwood Tariff
act creating 12 districts, each with its own federal reserve bank; all national banks were required to become members: Federal Reserve Act
act that ended unfair business competition in interstate commerce: Federal Trade Commission Act
act that freed unions from antitrust actions and barred interlocking directorates: Clayton Antitrust Act
laws making an employer pay a worker who is injured or sontracts a disease because of his or her job: workmen's compensation
state in which workmen's compensation became most popular: New Jersey
Wilson's record of reform proved uneven in whose favor?: Southern Democrats (against blacks)
people who wanted more land for America: expansionists
Nickname for the $7.2 million purchase of Alaska (before they discovered that it was birmming with oil): Seward's Folly
policy that guided U.S. action in Latin America, stating that Americans are not to be considered subjects for future European colonization; in return, the U.S. would not interfere in Europe's internall affairs (obivously, this was not going to happen): Monroe Doctrine
President of Mexico who expelled Archuduke Maxmilian during the Mexican War: Benito Juarez
Who opened Japanese ports to America?: Matthw Perry
Protestant who wrote "our country" and encouraged foreign missions: Josiah Strong
Hawaiian queen who refused to let the missionaries take over: Liluokalani
policy of extending rule of one country over another: imperialism
policy that allowed all countries in West AFrica to trade on equal terms: Open Door Policy
wrote Open Letter to Belgium after the U.S. wound up supporting a brutal regime in the Congo to get the Open Door Policy: George Washington Williams
Author of "The Influence of Sea Power" to encourage a better navy: Alfred Thayer Mahan
Secretary of the Navy: Benjamin Tracy
Leader of exiles in Cuba that gained American support for Cuban independence: Jose Marti
Spanish general sent to Cuba in 1896: General Valeriano Weyler
herding of the civilian population into fortified towns: reconcentration
writer for the "world" who used large headlines and sensational stories, exaggerating the terrors in Cuba: Joseph Pulitzer
writer for the "Journal" who said, "you furnish pictures and I'll furnish the war": William Randolph Hearst
title for exaggerated journalism: Yellow Journalism
Winner of the 1900 presidenital election: McKinley
letter from the Spanish minister to the Spanish embassy of the U.S., criticizing the president; it was published by Cuban rebels: De Lome Letter
U.S. naval ship destroyed in the Havanna Harbor: Maine
pledged that the U.S. wouldn't annex Cuba once the island was free: Teller Ammendment
Date that Spain declared war: April 24, 1898
Hong Kong naval commander who blew the heck out of Manila Bay: George Dewey
Teddy Roosevelt's cowboy buddies, who fought in Cuba without horses but still succeeded immensely: Rough Riders
treaty in which the U.S. got Puerto Rico, Guam, and sold teh Philippines: Treaty of Paris
city where the Rough Riders successfully attacked: Santiago
Senator from Massachussetts who supported an American empire: Henry Cabot Lodge
senator from Indiana who supported Philippine annexation: Albert Beveridge
Democratic presidenital candidate who opposed annexation of the Philippines, along with Andrew Carnegie and Mark Twain: William Jennings Bryan
founder of the Republican Party who opposed annexation of the Philippines: George Hoar
declared that Cuba could not make a treay with a foreign power, and that the U.S. could intervene with political affairs and naval bases: Platt Amendment
U.S. base in Cuba that's still around today: Guantanamo Bay
act making Puerto Ricans citizens of Puerto Rico but not of the U.S.: Foraker Act
supreme court case in which possessed lands of the U.S. were not granted the same rights as the states: Insular cases
act granting Puerto Ricans an upper house of legislature: Jones Act
Year in which PR became a self-governing commonwealth: 1952
rebel who established a provisional governmenti n the Philippines and fought for independence: Emilio Aguinaldo
name for Aguinaldo's attempts (costs: 3 years, 4000 American lives, and $170): Philippine Insurrection
areas where European powers enjoyed special trade rights: spheres of influence
secretary of state who established the open door policy, but Europe didn't care: John Hay
secret society that tried to expel missionaries from China: Boxer Rebellion
repayment for damage or loss- the U.S. required it of China after the Boxer Rebellion, eventually returning some of it: indemnity
response to discrimination, and act that barred Chinese immigration to Hawaii, the Philippines, and Cuba: Chinese Exclusion Act
northern, coal-rich region of China sought by Japan and Russia: Manchuria
the first Asian victory over a European power; gave Japan some serious political power: Russo-Japanese War
U.S. warship was had problems getting home after the Spanish-American War: Oregon
French Colombia attempted to dig a canal here, but failed: Isthmus of Panama
John Hay got permission from Britain to build a canal in this agreement: Hay-Pauncefote Treaty
strip of Panamanian territory ten miles wide that the U.S. wanted to build its grand canal: Canal Zone
Treaty that gave the U.S. control of the Canal Zone: Hay-Banau-Varilla Treaty
U.S. Army Surgeon who led the campaign to rid the swamps of the Anopheles mosquito (malaria) and the Aedes mosquito (yellow fever): William Gorgas
U.S. purchase from Denmark that fortified the Canal Zone: Virgin Islands
Roosevelt's addition to the Monroe Doctrine: "chronic wrongdoing, or an impotence which results in a general loosening of the ties of civilized society, may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation": Roosevelt corollary
nickname for the U.S. loans to many small countries, eventually acquiring plantations, markets, railroads, and banks in Central America: Dollar diplomacy
dictator of Mexico who supported foreign investment, of which the U.S. had taken advantage: Porifirio Diaz
U.S.-educated leader who was killed in 1913: Francisco Madero
self-declared president of MExico: Victoriano Huerta
Port seized by Wilson that caused Huerta's regime to collapse: Veracruz
successor of Huerta who faced revolts all over the place: Venustiano Carranza
revolutionary who tried to topple Carranza and killed 17 in New Mexico: Pancho Villa
American general who... uh... *punished* Pancho Villa: John Pershing
people who believed that all wars should be outlawed: pacifists
Swedish discoverer of dynamite who established an international peace prize: Alfred Nobel
French region taken by Germany during the Franco-Prussian war that both nations still really liked in the early 1900s: Alsace-Lorraine
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy (WWI): Triple Alliance
Great Britain, France, Russia (WWI): Triple Entente
Another name for the Triple Alliance: Central Powers
Another name for the Triple Entente: Allies
intense feeling of patriotism or the desire for national independence: nationalism
region of the Ottoman Empire that revolted frequently (Greece, Serbia, Montenegro, Romania, Bulgaria): Balkan Peninsula
Austrian heir to the throne who was assassinated by a Slavic nationalist in 1914: Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Countries on which Germany declared war after the assassination of Franz Ferdinand: Russia, France, Belgium, and eventually Great Britain, Japan, and a couple little ones
Turkish repression of Armenians who helped the Russians: Armenian Massacre
British ocean liner sunk by a German torpedo in 1915: Lusitania
Germany's promise not to sink passenger or merchant ships (1916): Sussex Pledge
Note asking Mexico to enter World War I ; it was intercepted; outraged Americans: Zimmerman note
Progressive republican senator who voted against war: George Norris
First female house member, also voting against the war: Jeannette Rankin
minority socialist party in Russia led by VLadimir Lenin: Bolsheviks
sector in France led by Alvin York that was a huge Allied success: Meuse-Argonne
When was the armistice ending the was signed??: 11th day, 11th month, 11th hour, 1918
Committee created early in World War I to weild power over the economy: War Industries Board
Head of the War Industries Board: Bernard Baruch
Food administrator and future president: Herbert Hoover
employed a power-driven conveyor that carried each element of a product past workers: assembly line
the first mass movement of black southerners to northern and western cities: Great Migration
weekly Chicago black newspaper that contributed to migration: the Defender
nationalist group formed in 1910 to aid the adjustment of African Americans to cities: Urban League
factory city that was home to a race riot and discrimination against blacks: East St. Louis
Wilson's list of war aims, designed to seize the initiative from the Bolsheviks: Fourteen Points
the right of an ethnic group to determine what form of government it should have, without reference to the wishes of any other nations: self-determination
payments made by a defeated country to compensate for war damages: reparations
committee created to correct the injustices of the WWI peace treaty: League of Nations
Mineral-rich region that Germany surrendered to France: Saar Valley
territory or colony taken from defeated nations and placed under the control of the victors: mandate
head of the senate committee on foreign relations: Henry Cabot Lodge
Author of "The Promise of American Life": Herbet Croly
Treaty that ended WWI: Versailles
Women's peace organization led by Jane Adams: Women's Internaitonal League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF)
Location of a huge WILPF meeting: Zurich, Switzerland
policy in which a nation avoids both political alliances and economic relationships with other nations: isolationism
Head of the United Mine Workers during the 1919 strike: John Lewis
U.S. Attorney General who secured a court order claiming that the strike was illegal: A. Mitchell Palmer
companies introduced pernsions, cafeterias, paid vacations, profit-sharing plans, and other company-sponsored programs through this policy: welfare capitalism
the idea of a communist takeover of the government: red scare
Chief of the General Intelligence Division of the Justice Department and future director of the FBI: J. Edgar Hoover
organization formed by Palmer's enemies to challenge the constitutionality of laws that violated the Bill of Rights: American Civil Liberties Union
low-rent urban hispanic communities: barrios
court case convicting two questionably guilty Italian immigrants of murder: Sacco-Vanzetti case
neighborhood in NEw York City that attracted many black southern immigrants: Harlem
segregated slum with overcrowding, housing shortages, and rising rents: ghetto
Jamaican immigrant who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and called for black solidarity Sold tickets back to Africa for the Black Star Line Steamship company, but never took anyone to Africa: Marcus Garvey
Discriminating organization of whites who supported violence in the midwest and south: Ku Klux Klan (KKK)
Constitutional amendment that banned the sale, transportation, etc. of alcohol: 18th amendment (Prohibition)
legislation that provided exceptions to teh 18th amendment: Volstead ACt
head of Chicago's enormous crime syndicate: Al Capone
belief in a literal interpretation of the Bible: Fundamentalism
trial that exposed the intolerance common in the United States, refuting the teaching of evolution in public schools: Scopes Trial
Prosecuting attorney in the Scopes Trial: Clarence Darrow
Defense attorney in the Scopes Trial: William Jennings Bryant
Senator from Ohio who became a really boring president in 1920: Warren G. Harding
Secretary of the Interior who leased government-owned properties to private business interests: Albert Fall
The most famous of the scandals during Harding's administration, involving Fall and the oil-rich areas in Wyoming: Teapot Dome Scandal
Man who took office after Harding's sudden death and did "hosue cleaning" of the administration: Calvin Coolidge
Democratic candidate for the 1924 election who was largely unknown and a compromise between the supporters and attackers of the KKK: John Davis
Democratic candidate for the 1928 election, New York governor who represented urban America: Al Smith
amendment giving women the right to vote: 19th amendment
engineer who was hailed as the champion of mass production: Frederick Taylor
business approach that focused on efficiency and speed: scientific management
self-taught Michigan mechanic who symbolized the new methods of mass production in the 1920s: Henry Ford
city that became the center of the automobile industry: Detroit, Michigan
payment plan in which a customer made an initial down payment and then spread the balance out over several months: installment plan
New York Yankee home run king: Babe Ruth
woman who swam the English Channel in record time: Gertrude Ederle
sensational newspapers that emerged during the 1920s: tabloid
first person to fly nonstop across the Atlantic Ocean: Charles Lindbergh
Central California's moviemaking city (hmm, I wonder): Hollywood
Popular film star clown: Charlie Chaplin
The first "talkie": The Jazz Singer
African American actor who became a huge success: Paul Robeson
symbol of a revolution in morals: flapper
psychologist who was largely misinterpreted by flappers and others of the 1920s: Sigmund Freud
WOman who led the battle for birth control: Margaret Sanger
famous music hall and its location: Grand Ole Opry
Nashville, TN
Four famous Lost Generation authors and what they wrote: F. Scott Fitzgerald (The Great Gatsby, Tender is the Night, This Side of Paradise)

Ernest Hemingway: The Sun Also Rises

Sinclair Lewis: Main Street, Babbit, Arrowsmith, Elmer Gantry

William Faulkner: The Sound and the Fury
Poet who wrote The Waste Lan and The Hollow Men: T.S. Elliot
Two famous Lost Generation artists: Georgia O'Keefe

Edward Hopper
black cultural movement: Harlem Renaissance
Black poet who... was important: Langston Hughes
City famous for its jazz music: New Orleans
Two famous black jazz musicians: Louis Armstrong

Duke Ellington
Two female black jazz singers: Bessie Smith

Ma Rainey
senators who refused to agree with the Versailles Treaty: irreconcilables
economist who served as the international sectretary-treasurer of the WILPF: Emily Greene-Balch
legislation that helped the U.S. build an army for World War I: Selective Service ACt

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