World War II
Review of terms
Terms
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- Battle of Midway Island
- a turning point battle for the US in the Pacific
- liberty bonds
- people lent the government funds by purchasing bonds
- nationalism
- having extreme pride in your country
- appeasement
- giving in to someone in hopes that they will be satisfied; example being when they "gave in" to Hitler's early invasions hoping he would stop
- Final Solution
- Hitler's planned genocide that resulted in the Holocaustq
- Bataan Death March
- American POWs were forced to endure a torturous movement from one camp to another; many were killed along the way
- Neutrality Acts
- declared that the US would not get involved in foreign affairs; isolationist
- Manhattan Project
- secret production of the atomic bomb at Los Almos, New Mexico
- Axis Powers
- Germany, Italy, Japan
- Adolf Hitler
- Nazi dictator of Germany
- victory gardens
- people planted gardens at home so that the men at war could receive the produce produced on the farms
- dictator
- a ruler with complete authority over their country
- Fascism
- a government in which the state comes before all else
- Nisei
- second generation Japanese who were sent to internment (relocation) camps after the bombing of Pearl Harbor
- Munich Conference
- appeasement of Adolf Hitler's expansionist policies
- Holocaust
- the systematic destruction of those people who did not fit into Hitler's perfect race; they included Jews, Gypsies, Roman Catholics, the disabled, Polish and many other groups
- World War II
- 1939-1945
- internment (relocation) camps
- designated areas where Japanese Americans were sent after the attack at Pearl Harbor; fear that they may be spies caused this to happen
- Mein Kamp
- Hitler's famed book that he wrote detailing his future plans
- Potsdam Declaration
- warned Japan of "utter destruction" if they did not surrender
- VJ Day
- August 1945; Victory in Japan day
- Hiroshima
- first city that the atomic bomb was dropped on; about 75,000 people died on impact
- blitzkrieg
- lightning warfare
- island hopping
- the US strategy in the Pacific that called for attacking some strategic islands while skipping others in the quest to push the Japanese back to their homeland
- D-Day invasion
- June 6, 1944; invasion of Normandy; major turning point of the war
- VE Day
- victory in Europe day (ended the war in Europe); May 8, 1945
- Josef Stalin
- communist dictator of the Soviet Union (Russia)
- ration
- a limit on certain items during wartime such as sugar and gasoline in order to preserve these items for the troops
- totalitarian state
- a single party is in control; strict obedience is required; a secret policy is used to enforce obedience
- Pearl Harbor
- December 7, 1941 the US naval base in Hawaii was attacked by the Japanese
- Allied Powers
- Great Britain, France (not for long though), Soviet Union, United States
- Nuremberg Trials
- trials held after WWII holding German officials responsible for the attrocities of the war (including the Holocaust)
- Benito Mussolini
- fascist dictator of Italy
- Rosie the Rivetor
- famous propaganda used to encourage women to work in the factories while the men were at war
- Nagasaki
- second Japanese city to be destroyed with an atomic bomb; about 45, 000 people died on impact
- Tuskegee Airmen
- famous African American fighter pilots
- Battle of Britain
- a series of air raids led by the Germans on England; never defeated Britain
- Navajo Code Talkers
- sent messages in their native language in the Pacific front
- Harry S. Truman
- became president when FDR died; used the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
- genocide
- attempting to eliminate an entire group of people
- Lend Lease Act
- allowed the United States to trade with Great Britain while remaining neutral; it was focused on building an "arsenal for democracy"
- Nisei 442nd
- most decorated unit from WWII