This site is 100% ad supported. Please add an exception to adblock for this site.

world history chapter 14

Terms

undefined, object
copy deck
reformation
a religious revolution that split the church in western europe and created several new churches
renaissance
a philosophical and artistic movement/the time period in which it flourished; a time of many developments
medici
a powerful family in florence that grew wealthy first as bankers and then as rulers of the city-state
william shakespeare
lived from 1564 to 1616, the most prominent english literary figure of the period, portrayed personality and human emotions in his plays with a skill almost unmatched by any other writers
the praise of folly
erasmus' most famous book; ridiculed ignorance, superstition, and vice among christians
danube, rhona, and rhine
rivers that allowed the spread of ideas from italy to other parts of europe
pope leo x
pope who continued rebuilding st. peter's basilica in rome; declared luther a heretic and excommunicated him
pieter brueghel
one of the most famous flemish artists, painted in the mid-1500s, loved the countryside/peasants and painted scenes with them; also used paintings as a means to criticize intolerance and cruelty
baldassare castiglione
an italian diplomat and writer who lived from 1478 to 1529; in 1528 published the most famous book of the renaissance, "the book of the courtier"
the book of the courtier
a book written by castiglione; discusses courtesy and explains the refined courtier as opposed to a medieval knight; the setting for the book is the court at urbino (italian city-state)
niccolo machiavelli
a humanist from florence; diplomat/historian who lived from 1469 to 1527; in 1513 wrote a famous essay called "the prince", which described government as he felt it worked; his lack of concern for moral virtue set him apart from other humanists
francesco petrarch
one of the first humanists, lived from 1304 to 1374, famous scholar/teacher/poet, believed that classical writings (greek and roman) should be studied and imitated
hubert and jan van eyck
brothers who lived in flanders until the mid-1400s and paid attention to detail in works such as "the adoration of the lamb"
the prince
essay written by machiavelli that described government not in ideal terms, but how machiavelli thought it worked
indulgences
pardons from punishment for sin (had to be purchased)
germany
where the first break with the roman catholic church occurred that helped lay a foundation for the reformation
high renaissance
name of the time period that began in the late 1400s and early 1500s; when many great painters lived
(desiderius) erasmus
the most influential humanist of northern europe; a dutch scholar who learned about the ideas of italian humanists from books; entered a monastery as a young man; interested in christianity as well as early greek and roman culture; most famous book was "the praise of folly"; ridiculed ignorance of christians
sofonisba anguissola
a female renaissance artist best known for her self-portraits and for her portrait of philip ii
albrecht durer
lived from 1471 to 1528; famous for his copper engravings and woodcuts; became one of the first to see the possibility of illustrated books
95 theses
statements about indulgences written by martin luther to challenge tetzel; nailed on the door of the church at wittenberg
wittenberg
church where martin luther displayed the 95 theses
titian
lived from 1488 to 1576 in venice; works are noted for their sense of drama and rich colors; most famous is "the assumption of the virgin"; HRE sponsored many of his works
johannes gutenberg
the first european to use movable type to print books (1450); developed a printing press and printed copies of the bible between 1453 and 1455
perspective
an important technique of painting learned during the renaissance; involved making distant objects smaller than those in the foreground, allowed artists to create an illusion of depth
michelangelo (buonarroti)
a master of renaissance art who lived from 1475 to 1564, painted frescoes on the ceiling of the sistine chapel of the vatican; preferred sculpting, particularly of biblical figures; also wrote poetry and was an architect
lorenzo medici
leader of florence who became a great patron of the arts and influenced florence's artistic awakening
thomas more
an english humanist and friend of erasmus; published "utopia"in 1516 which described a harmonious, ideal society
charles v
holy roman emperor who summoned luther to the imperial diet at worms, where he was commanded to renounce his ideas
humanists
people who specialized in the humanities, emphasized education and also felt that a person should lead a meaningful life by becoming involved with the arts;, admired individual achievement
hans holbein the younger
a german who did most of his work in other countries; painted portraits of famous people such as erasmus, thomas more, and king henry vii of england
raphael
lived from 1483 to 1520; became extremely popular in florence and was hired by the pope to paint frescoes in the vatican; also painted madonnas
flanders
country where a group of painters developed their own distinct style
leonardo da vinci
a painter, sculptor, engineer, architect, and scientist who lived from 1452 to 1519; used his experiments in science to enhance his paintings; studied anatomy and drew the human body
humanities
grammar, rhetoric, history, and poetry
flemish school
name for the style of painting/the painters from flanders; perfected the technique of painting in oils on canvas
giotto and masaccio
important realist painters
martin luther
born in 1483; worried about reaching salvation from an early age and concluded that all that is needed to reach salvation is inner faith in god; was persecuted and called a heretic; founded the religion known as protestantism (yes, i'm way too lazy to write all of the minuscule details)
brenner and the great saint bernard
mountain passes that pierced the alps and allowed people and ideas to go from italy to northern europe
utopia
famous work by thomas more in which he imagined an ideal society where all citizens lived equally and harmoniously

Deck Info

40

permalink