American History Semester I final
Terms
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- Settlement houses were founded in the late 1800s by...
- social reformers
- All of the following countries came under some form of U.S. control as a result of the Spanish-American War except...
- Hawii
- The Roosevelt Corollary built upon the...
- Monroe Doctrine
- All of the following stimulated U.S. imprerialism except...
- a need for a new source of cheap labor
- While Cuba was in rebellion, Americans were angered bby a letter (delome) from the Spanish minister to the United States that accused McKinley of being...
- weak
- The Open Door policy was designed by President Theodore Roosevelt as a way fot the United States to further...
- its trade interests
- The United States gained control of the land it needed to build the Panama Canal by...
- encouraging and supporting Panamanian independence
- When cultures come together in America this is considered...
- a melting pot
- The Roosevelt Corollary was meant to...
- discourage European interference in the western hemisphere
- Which of the follwing is true of the Chinese Exclusion Act?
- it decreased Chinese immgration`
- The United States first instituted the Open Door Policy in...
- China
- What did Hawaii, Cuba, PUerto Rico and the Phillipines have in common?
- They were all forced to submit to U.S. authority
- He asked Congress to declare war on Spain
- William McKinley
- Soon after it was destroyedm the United States declared war on Spain.
- U.S.S. Maine
- It criticized the American president, causing American public opinion to turn against Spain
- De Lome Letter
- This natin gained its independence in thie Spanish-American-Cuban War
- Cuba
- Printing sensational exaggerated stories designed to sell newspapers
- Yellow journalism
- Invented the typewriter
- Christopher Sholes
- Invented the telephone
- Alexander Graham Bell
- Developed an efficient technique for transforming iron into sttel
- Henry Bessemer
- Introduced an efficient means of retieving oil from beneath the earth's surface
- Edwin Drake
- Perfected the incandescent light bulb at his reseach laboatory in Menlo Park, New Jersey
- Thomas Edison
- Developed an entire system for producing and distributing electrical power and organized power plants around the nation
- Thomas Edison
- Who was a labor union organizer? (may be more than one answer)
- Eugene V. Debs, Mary Harris "Mother" Jones
- At which place did a tragedy occur that led new York authorities to establish strict rules about fire codes, working hours, child labor, and other worker-related issues
- Triangle Shitwaist Factory
- Which was a technique used by labor unions in the lat 19th century to win workers' rights? (may be more than one answer)
- arbitration, collective bargaining
- Which of the following most freed manyfacturers from restrictions on where factories could be built?
- electricity
- Which of the following did Social Darwinism discourage?
- Government regulation
- Andrew Carnegie gained control of a large percentage of the steel industry by doing all of the following except...
- Cutting the quality of his products
- In which of the following places did 150 female workers die in a fire?
- The triangle shirtwaist factory
- In the late 1800s collective bargaining was a technique used to
- win worker's rights
- During the latee 1800s, scabs were unpopular with other workers because scabs were
- part of management
- The use of standardized time that utilized time zones was introduced in order to benefit
- railroad companies and train travelers
- The term scabs is used to describe workers who
- pledge not to join unions
- How did the Sherman Antitrust Act affect labor unions?
- it restricted the types of actions that they could take
- John D. Rockefeller made his millions in
- oil
- The obber barons of the late 1800s were
- powerful industrialists
- A leader of the miners union
- Mother Jones
- Negotiation between groups
- collective bargaining
- Head of Standard Oil Company
- Rockefeller
- Situations in shich one company controlled an entire industry
- monopoly
- Theory that taught only the strong survive
- Social Darwinism
- Immigrant who became a giant in the steel industry
- Carnegie
- Railroad that crosses the entire country
- Transcontinental
- Sleeping car inventor
- George Pullman
- Banker who bought out Carnegie Steel
- Morgan
- Laws that oulaws trusts
- Sherman Anti-trust act
- Created time zones
- railroad times
- System based on government control of buisiness and property
- Socialism
- Corporation formed by seperate
- companies
- Goals of Progressive Reformers
- Protecting social warefare, promoting moral improvement, creating economic reform, fosforing efficiency
- Upton Sinclair, The Jungle
- about poor working conditions in the meat packing industry led to the Meat Inspection Act
- Roosevelt mediated between labor and business leaders
- collective bargaining
- Federal Reserve Act
- national banking system established 1913, that controls the U.S. money supply and availability of credit in the country
- Sixteenth Amendment authorizes income tax
- proviede revenue by taxing individual earnings and corporate profits
- First Flight
- Wright Brothers make first heavier than air flight
- Scientific Management
-
The application of scientific methods to increase efficiency in the workplace
*this is one of the inspirations for the creation of assembly lines at the Ford Motor Company - Suffrage
- the right to vote
- WWI Allies
- a group of nations orginally consisting of Great Britain, France and Russia and later joined by the United States, Italy and others that opposed the central powers
- Central Powers
- the group of nations led by Germany ,Austria-Hungary and the Otooman Empire that opposed the Allies in WWI
- "No Man's Land"
- an unoccupied region between opposing armies
- Trench Warefare
- military operations in which the opposing froces attack the counterattack from systems of fortified ditches rather than on an open battlefield
- Zimmerman Note
- a message sent in 1917 by the German forign minister to the German ambassador in Mexico, proposing a German-Mexican alliance promising to help Mexico regain Texas, New Mexico and Arizona if the United States entered WWI
- Militarism
-
Each nation wanted to keep its armed forces stronger than those of any potential enemy
*competition for international trade led to a naval arms race
*Major countries strengthened their navies to protect their shipping routes - Archduke Franz Ferdinand
- Heir to the Austrian throne, assasinated by teenage working for the serb "black hand"
- Lustinia
- A british Passenger ship that was sunk by German U-Boat in 1915
- Causes of WWI
- Militarism, system of Alliance, Imperialism, nationalism
- How long did WWI last
- four years, from 1914-1918
- How many nations were involved in WWI?
- 30 from six different continents
- How many deaths were there in WWI?
- about 15 million
- How much did WWI cost?
- $350 billion
- Nationalism (cause of WWI)
- desire for freedom and self determination, ethnic groups banded together
- Imperialism (cause of WWI)
- The major Powers of the world (Germany, Japan, Great Britain, France and Russia) were competing for colonies to add to their empires
- System of alliances (cause of WWI)
- All of these mutual hostilities, jealousies, fears and desires led the nations of Europe to sign traties of assistance with one another
- Triple Entente (WWI)
- allies - France, Great Britain, Russia
- Triple Alliance (WWI)
- Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
- Central Powere came about (WWI)
- Germany, Austria-Hungary and Turkey
- Espionage and Sedition Acts
- obstructing the sale of government bonds, or saying disloyal, profane or abusive about the government or the war effort
- Neutrality in WWI
- Americans had sympathy for Great Britain and France byt still wanted to remain neutral
- German U-boats and convoy system
- German u-boat attacks decreased due to the change in tactic where ships gathered together for protection
- Selective Service act
- required men to register with boards
- Propaganda
- used to motivate the public to support the war effort
- Women in WWI
- took jobs that men drafted had left behind
- The Great Migration
- describes the mass migration of African Americans from the southern United States to the industrial centers of the Northeast and Midwest
- President During WWI
- Woodrow Wilson
- Prohibition
- manufacture, transportation, import, export, and sale of alcoholic beverages were restricted or illegal
- Prohibition- changes in American Society (name three)
- generated disrespect for the law, organized crime, speakeasies
- Isolationism
- Public was determined to avoid taking sides
- Flappers
- Free thinking woman who embraced the new fashions and urban attitudes of the 1920's
- Harlem Renaissance
- black cultural movenment music, literature and stage
- Scopes Trial
- Scope taught evolution in his biology class which led to his arrest with the rolw of science and religion in public schools
- 1928 Presidential Election
- Herbert Hoover vs. Alfred E Smith