Social Studies: Ch. One and Two Test
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The first European explorers to reach the shores of North America were
a. English knights led by King John.
b. French explorers led by William the Conqueror.
c. Scandinavian Vikings led by Erik the Red.
d. Scandinavian Vikings led by - d. Scandinavian Vikings led by Leif Eriksson.
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2. For transportation, the Inuit and Aleut used dogsleds and one-person canoes called
a. wigwams.
b. totems
c. kayaks.
d. igloos. - c. kayaks.
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3. Soldiers and lords who gave their services in exchange for land were
a. nobles. .
b. serfs.
c. vassals
d. free tenants. - c. vassals
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4. Children of peasants were born into an economic and social position that
a. improved if they labored diligently for the lord of the manor.
b. provided opportunities for advancement in the feudal system.
c. guaranteed nobility if their p - d. determined their status as peasants when they grew up.
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5. Paleo-Indians who first migrated into North America were
a. semi-nomadic traders.
b. hunter-gatherers.
c. agrarian societies.
d. invaders who conquered people to gain human sacrifices. - b. hunter-gatherers.
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6. Symbols and images that represent ideas are
a. artifacts.
b. charters.
c. translations.
d. glyphs. - d. glyphs.
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7. Climates and landscapes that surround living things are called
a. culture groups.
b. societies.
c. environments.
d. theocracies. - c. environments.
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8. The Christians who embarked on the Crusades were urged to do so by
a. Erik the Red.
b. Saladin.
c. Muhammad.
d. Pope Urban II. - d. Pope Urban II.
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9. One of the first documents to help protect the rights of free individuals was
a. the Domesday Book.
b. the Rule of St. Benedict.
c. Magna Carta.
d. the Qur’an. - c. Magna Carta.
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10. Gradual changes in technology, trade, and political power brought about the
a. end of Europe’s Middle Ages.
b. Mongol conquest of the Ming Dynasty.
c. decline of the Songhay Empire.
d. rise of feudalism under William of Normandy - a. end of Europe’s Middle Ages.
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11. A common European name for the lands of Asia was
a. the New World.
b. San Salvador.
c. the Indies.
d. Hispaniola. - c. the Indies.
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12. Columbus’s 1492 voyage from the Canary Islands across the unknown waters of the Atlantic
a. ended 33 days after he set sail.
b. resulted in the mutiny of his Spanish crew.
c. took him beyond the Portuguese side of the Line of Demarca - a. ended 33 days after he set sail.
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13. Spain’s all-water route to Asia that Columbus sought in 1492 was discovered
a. by John Cabot in 1498.
b. by Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci in 1501.
c. 30 years later when Magellan’s crew circumnavigated Earth.
d. by Jacques - c. 30 years later when Magellan’s crew circumnavigated Earth.
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14. Henry Hudson was an English captain who sailed under the flags of
a. Portugal and Spain.
b. England and the Dutch
c. France and England.
d. Portugal and the Netherlands. - b. England and the Dutch
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15. The European race for a sea route to Asia was won by
a. Portugal.
b. Spain.
c. England.
d. Italy. - a. Portugal
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16. The North American area explored in the 1500s by Jacques Cartier was
a. named Saguenay by Cartier and the Huron Indians.
b. what is now Canada.
c. named New York by Samuel Champlain.
d. originally called Hispaniola by Christopher - b. what is now Canada.
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17. Soon after Da Gama reached southwest India, the Portuguese
a. discovered that European trade with India was monopolized by Spain.
b. realized that Muslim traders could not communicate with Portuguese interpreters.
c. discovered a new c - d. realized they were dealing with a culture that had traded with Muslim and Italian merchants for hundreds of years.
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18. Merchants who invested in a joint-stock company were able to
a. raise money for new ventures and reduce the individual risk of starting a business.
b. loan money at no interest to monarchs and nobles in exchange for political favors.
c - a. raise money for new ventures and reduce the individual risk of starting a business.
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19. After Balboa discovered the South Sea and made peace with the American Indians in what is now Panama,
a. Spanish authorities appointed him governor of the Panama settlement.
b. Spanish authorities had him executed for treason.
c. Portu - b. Spanish authorities had him executed for treason.
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20. The South Sea was renamed the Pacific by
a. Magellan.
b. Da Gama.
c. Columbus.
d. Dias. - b. Da Gama.
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21. The Cape of Good Hope was named by
a. Bartolomeu Dias.
b. Christopher Columbus.
c. Samuel de Champlain.
d. Henry Hudson. - a. Bartolomeu Dias.
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22. As a result of the Treaty of Tordesillas, Brazil
a. continued to be controlled by Spain.
b. was placed under Portuguese control.
c. was placed under the control of Spanish viceroys.
d. became England’s only path to the Indies. - b. was placed under Portuguese control.
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23. Magellan discovered the passage he sought through South America at
a. a lake fed by the waters of what is now the Río de la Plata.
b. the southern tip of the continent.
c. a strait that extended north to what is now Panama.
d. th - b. the southern tip of the continent.
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24. The rebirth of European interest in the arts and learning of ancient Greece and Rome is known as the
a. Commercial Revolution.
b. Reconquista.
c. Renaissance.
d. Columbian Exchange. - c. Renaissance.
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25. Cabral, whose fleet was blown off course as he followed da Gama’s route to India,
a. accidentally discovered the coast of what is now Brazil.
b. discovered that he had sailed past the coast of North America.
c. landed in Panama, whic - a. accidentally discovered the coast of what is now Brazil.
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26. How did the Commercial Revolution change the way merchants conducted business?
a. Merchants set prices according to what the local community agreed was fair.
b. Merchants focused on selling locally produced goods instead of goods produced i - c. Merchants became more aggressive about adjusting prices in order to make profits.
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27. The Renaissance combined new ideas about art, society, science, and technology with the rediscovery of
a. Islamic inventions such as movable type for printing presses.
b. ancient Greek and Roman works.
c. Greek translations of Arabic w - c. Greek translations of Arabic works.
- 28. commanded the Ming fleet that brought wealth and knowledge of other cultures to China
- Zheng He
- 29. remains of objects made by humans
- Artifacts
- 30. common values and traditions of a society
- Culture
- 31. settlement established by a culture or society
- Colony
- 32. climates and landscapes that surround living things
- Environments
- 33. system of government in which people pledge loyalty to a lord in exchange for protection
- Feudalism
- 34. study of the unwritten past
- Archaeology
- 35. religion that strengthened cultural ties across Europe during the Middle Ages
- Christianity
- 36. religion that spread by military conquests and along trade networks
- Islam
- 37. groups that share traditions, values, and organizing structures
- Societies
- 38. to sail completely around
- circumnavigate
- 39. boundary of Spain’s exploration and monopoly rights
- Line Demarcation
- 40. money or property that is used to earn more money
- Capital
- 41. path around or through North America that would allow ships to sail from the Atlantic to the Pacific
- Northwest Passage
- 42. small but sturdy ship built to be very maneuverable and fast
- Caravel
- 43. change the religious beliefs of a person or peoples
- Convert
- 44. allowed navigators to determine their ship’s position by charting the position of the stars
- Astrolabe
- 45. narrow, winding sea passage
- Strait
- 46. sole economic control
- Monopoly
- 47. royal governor of Spanish lands
- Viceroy