Music Final 2015
Terms
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- Acoustics
-
The science of sounds/the physical basis of music
(instruments that doesn't produce song using electronics) - Monophonic
- Music consisting of a single,melodic line and no accompaniment
- Polyphonic
- Music consisting of two or more melodies sounding at the same time, having equal emphasis
- Homophonic
- Music consisting of one predominant melody supported by a harmonic or chordal accompaniment
- Continuo
- A technique for providing a harmonic basis in the new homophonic music of the Baroque period
- Cantus Firmus
- A term meaning "fixed melody" that denotes a preexisting melody, often a Gregorian Chant
- Melismatic
- A setting of a text to music in which one syllable of text is given a series of musical notes
- Idiophone
-
A percussion instrument that is struck, shaken, plucked, or rubbed
ex. maracas - Membranophone
-
A percussion instrument whose sound is produced by vibration of a stretched membrane
ex. Drums - Raga
- one of the melodic modes used in Indian classical music
- Program Music
- Music that shows images, moods, stories, characters, and other nonmusical associations.
- Symphony
- A multimovement work for symphony orchestra.
- Opera
- A dramatic stage production that involves soloists who sing arias and recitatives, solo ensembles, choruses,dancing,dramatic action,costumes,staging,and orchestral accompaniment
- Recitative
- A vocal solo in opera, cantatas, and oratorios that declaims the text in a sung-speech manner, in free rhythm with minimal accompaniment. so all the listeners can understand the words.
- motet
- A sacred,polyphonic composition with a nonlurgical text
- Gregorian Chant
- church music sung as a single vocal line in free rhythm and a restricted scale
- Lied
- art songs (Romantic German poems)
- Chance Music
- A compositional technique whereby a composer does not control all the details of a composition, allowing the performer to make creative choices through improvisations or other means of selecting within the structure of the composition
- Serial Composition
- A set of nonrepeated pitches
- Sonata Form
- A structure that composers in the Classical era and since have commonly used for the first movement of a sonata, symphony,concerto,or string quarter.
- Decrescendo
- gradually getting softer
- Adante
- moderate slow tempo
- Forte
- loud
- Allegro
- Fast
- Largo
- Slow tempo
- Crescendo
- gradually getting louder
- Ethnomusicologist
- A scholar of music in culture-of world music;one who studies ethonmusicology;one who researches the music of a culture,writes about it, and teaches others about it
- Chordophone
- a stringed instrument
- Strophic
- A musical structure in which the same music is used for each stanza of a ballad, song, or hymn
- Improvisation
- The process of simultaneously composing,performing, and listening to music
- Acculturation
- The blending of cultures. The process by which one culture assimilates or adapts to the characteristics and pratices of another
- Renaissance Period
- 1450-1600
- 20th century
- 1900-2000
- Romantic Period
- 19th century
- Avant-garde
- Experimental composers who are in the forefront of musical development and are leaders in the development of new & unconventional musical styles.
- Concerto
- a three movement work for solo instrument and orchestra that emerged during the Baroque period and has been a common instrumental genre ever since.
- Overture
-
A festive opening to an opera or other musical stage production
- Mass
- The Roman Catholic workship service.
- Ornamentation
- An embellishment of a melody;adding notes for decoration according to established and commonly accepted performance pratices
- Tonality
-
The gravitational pull of music toward a tonal center; the key of the music
example:C major/C minor - Chromaticism
- proceeding by half steps,using sharps or flats
- Minimalism
- A style of composition whose creator attempts to achieve the greatest effects from the least amount of material.
- Motive
- A short melodic patter or phrase that is used for further development
- Rondo
- A musical form consisting of two or more contrasting theme areas, each followed by a return to the opening theme.
- Terraced dynamics
- a musical style characterized by abrupt volume shifts from soft to loud and back within a piece
- piano
- soft
- oral tradition
- the passing down of music by word of mouth from one generation to the next
- consort
- A group of similar instruments - such as soprano, alto, tenor-that provide a homogeneous sound
- Aerophone
- A wind instrument
- Tala
- the rhythm and meter of the classical music of India
- Art Music
- Music that is formed, sophisticated, urban, and appreciated by an educational elite.
- Impressionism
- A style of music, exemplified in the works of Debussy, that avoids explicit statement and literal description but instead emphasizes suggestion and atmosphere,evokes moods, and conveys impressions of images and feelings.
- Aria
- a lyrical song found in operas, cants, and oratorios.
- Madrigal
- A renaissance secular contrapuntal work for several voices that originated in Italy and later flourished in England.
- Reggae
- A synthesis of rock, rhythm, and blues, and latin American and African rhythms.
- Atonality
- the avoidance of tonal centers and tonal relationships in music.
- Tone Clusters
- three or more adjacent tones sounding simultaneously
- Musique concrete
- The compositional technique of manipulating tape recorded sounds of existing natural resources.
- theme and variations
- An instrumental form in which a stated theme is followed by a series of variations on that theme
- Minuet and trio
- A stately dance movement in triple meter in a b a form.
- Nationalistic music
- Concert art music that reflects national or regional rather than universal characteristics.
- Classical Period
- 1750-1820
- Baroque period
- 1600-1750
- Patronage system
- A common source of income for composers
- medieval period
- 590-1400
- What genre of music _____ element of Rock and Roll with Latin American and African rhythm and originated in Jamaica?
- Raggea
- Which romantic composer of Opera was exiled from Switerzland?
- Vogner
- What is the chant made in the 6th century during the time of the Gregory l ?
- Gregory Chant
- What type of texture has only one melodic line w/o accompanion?
- monophonic
- What is the period from 1900 to 2000?
- 20th century
- What is the technique of the baroque era resembling a walking bass line in Jazz?
- Basso Continuo
- This texture has two or more melodic lines of equal importance, what is it?
- Polyphonic
- From which period is nationalism important?
- Romantic period
- What type of texture has one melodic line and accompanant ?
- Homophonic texture
- What two genres are mediate predecessors for Jazz?
- Blues and rag time
- Who is the man of Romantic Italian Opera?
- Gezeppy
- In the classical music of India. What is the basic name for organizing durational aspects like rhythmn and meter
- Tala
- What term refers to a fixed melody ?
- Cantus Firmus
- What is a part of the Catholic Litorgy that produced the most important sacred music before 1600?
- The Mass
- Which famous composer death corresponds end of Baroque period
- J.S. Bach
- What genre of secular music was popular during the Renaissance?
- Madrigal
- What romantic era composer wrote 4 symphonies
- Brahms
- What term refers to a constant source of income for composers in which the courts, churches or wealthy patrons funded composers?
- Patronage system
- What term refers to music created for its own safe?
- Absolute Music