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History Final (people)

Terms

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Hannibal
Carthaginian general invades Italy from the north then defeated by scipio.
Scipio
Roman general defeats Hannibal's army
Tiberius Gracchus
elected Tribune and helps farmers and murdered by senators after they accuesed him of trying to gain power from poor
Gaius Gracchus
Tribure gave granin to poor and land, secured more rights for middle class (killed with his supporters)
Spartacus
slave who proclaimed war to free slaves of italy
Marcus Licinius Crassus
put 6000 slaves to death by crucification (beat Spartacus)
Gaius Marius
popular general. recruited poor to be in the armies and promised them money and land. (soldiers loyal to him rather than gov't)
Lucius Cornelius Sulla
captured Rome and became dictator had many opponents murdered
(beat marius's army)
Octavian
became emperor "agustus caesar" ruled during pax romana , really good leader
Tiberius
augustus's so, good emperor (came after augustus
Claudius
cameafter tiberius to rule , insane
Nero
(claudius' stepson), bloodthirsty violence, blamed fire on christians, comitted suicide
Vespasian
elected emperor, restored discipline in army and put down uprisings in provinces of Gaul and Judea
Nerva
chosen as respected senator (chose his successor--trajan)
[[adoptive system]]
Trajan
brought mesopotamia under rome rule, eased taxes, building constructed
Harian
trajan's successor add more territory to empire had definensive wall built, was poet and architect
Marcus Aurelius
chose his son Commodus to be emperor
Commodus
marked end of Pax Romana
Cornelia
mother og Gracchus brothers. Influence roman politics
Livia
wife of Augustus
Julia Domna
in charge of gov't when son was fighting abroad
Virgil
poet who wrote Aeneid (gloridied romans talent to govern)
Horace
poet . criticized luxurious lived of wealthy romans. (said we should follow moderation)
Ovid
city dweller (spoke for upper class in his poetry)
Juvenal
keen observed or roman world (last great roman writer)
ptolemy
mathematician, geographer, astronomer geocentric theroyy.
Galen
greek, roman mediine ideas (scientist)
cicero
roman writer and orator considered obediance to law requirement of civilized life
Diocletian
made drastic changed forced farmers to stay on land.
constantine
Diolcletians successor
attila
huns emperor
Alaric
visigoth leader
Odoacer
declar3d king of Italy
Theodoric
Ostrogoth king encouraged scholarship at his court.
pontius Pilate
put Jesus to crucification
Paul
missionary who travele dto spread christianity
Boethius
Roman in Theo’s service and translated Aristotles writing from Greek to latin.
Cassiodorus
Roman in theo’s court collect and copied manuscripts (retired to a monastery)
Isidore of Seville
Bishop who wrote encyclopedua.
Venerable Bede
English monk wrote a comple history of the church of england.
gregory I
importatn first pope
Saint Benedict
set monastery rules
Clovis
united frankish trives and conquered Romans and germans in north Gaul. (married Clotilda) he was defeated by Theodoric
Pepin II
Reunited Frankish lands and ruled all the Franks
Charles Martel
Pepins son. ruled as mayor of the palace over Gaul. defeat invading muslim army at Battle of tours
Pepin the Short
son of Charles Martel king of franks; wanted franks to protect church from germanic tribe (lombards) so pope supported him. gained papal states (defeating lombards)
Charlemagne
pepin's son. king of franks had church built at Aschen (devout christian)
expanded kingdom after conquering lombards. added bavaria (made saxons convert to christianity) croned emperor of Romans
Louis Pious
inherits throne and tried to preserve his father empire
blanche castile
ruled france when son king louis was away. she brougth peace and unity among regions
Eleanor of Aquitaine
inherited dad's rich lands in south france. rule and married king louis of france and then henry II or england.
Alfred the Great
ruler of West Saxons resisted the Danes and people accepted his rule.
Willian the duke or normandy
defeat saxons and conquered england
Henry II
common law and jury system develop under his law.
Hugh Caapet
named king by nobles but unable to control land
otto the Great
became German king set stage for long struggle for power between german kings and pope.
convinced people to crown him Emperor of Romans
Pope GRegory
said that only church has power to appoint bishops (excommunicated henry)
Henry IV
holy roman emperor and was excommunicated by pope gregory
Innocent III
papacy called for 4th crusade
Prince Edward
barons rebel supressed by him and called meetings or parliment
Phillip II
war with king john trioled his kingdoms side
Pope Urban
wanted europe to liberate holy land from muslims. excited lord and kights started crusades.
King louis VII
calls for second crusade
Saladin
united eqypt and syrian muslims under his sommand. invaded palestinian recaptured many cities like jerusasalam. (sultan of Egyplt)
Thomas Aquinas
member of dominican said both reason and christian teachings come from God. "Summa Theologica"
Albert Magnus
naturalist and medievel scholer taught thomas, wrote bout geology, chem...
Roger Bacon
english franciscan monk and philosopher studided science
marie de france
she was a poet on king Arthur
dante
poet of middle ages weote about beatrice divine comedy- journey through purgatory..
john ball and wat tyler
LED PEASANT REVOLT AGAINST NEW TAXES
Edward II
English king in hundred years war
Joan of Arc
Peasant who led French troops to victory at orleans
Louis XI
Shrewd ruler
Henry VII
Devote reign to unifying England
Francesero Petrarch
Italian poet led renaissance humanism
Niccolo Machiavelli
politician wrote "the prince"
Erasmus
dutch wrote the praise of folly
Thomas More
english wrote utopia
montaigne
french wroite essay and gargaunta and pantagreul
cervanted
don quixote
jan van eyck
developed oil painting
giotto
use of perspective
raphael
painted madonna human loving woman
Michelangelo
pieta sistine chapel painted
Da vinco
artist, engineer, scientist, last supper and mona lisa
Brueghel
dramatic painting of ordinary events
rembrandt
duch used light and dark in portraits
albrecht durer
german made paiting woodcuts and engravings
Holbein
portraits with personalities

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