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world history chapter 6 section 1,2,and 3 vocab cards

Terms

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Latins
the ancestors of the Romans who migrated into Italy.
Etruscans
people who lived north of Rome and ruled much of Italy, including Rome.
Laws of the Twelve Tables
made it possible for the first time for plebeians to appeal a judgement handed down by a pratrician judge.
Jupiter
a Roman god who ruled over the sky and other gods.
Republic
system of government in which officials are chosen by the people.
patrician
member of the landholding upper class in ancient Rome.
consul
in ancient Rome, official from the patrician class who supervised the government and commanded the armies.
dictator
ruler who has complete control over a government; in ancient Rome, a leader appointed to rule.
plebeian
member of the lower class in ancient Rome, including farmers, merchants, artisans, and traders.
tribune
official in ancient Rome who was elected by the plebeians to protect their interests.
veto
power to block a government action.
legion
basic unit of basic Roman army, made up of about 5,000 soldiers.
Punic Wars
three wars Rome fought against Carthage.
Hannibal
the Carthaginian's general who led his army in the second Punic War.
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
two young brother patricians who were among the first to attempt reform.
Julius Ceasar
an ambitious military commander.
Augustus
ruler who emphasized absolute power and name his successor, just as a king would.
Hadrian
emporor who confided Roman law, making it the same for all provinces.
Pax Romano
"Roman Peace"
Circus Maximus
Rome's largest race course
imperialism
domination by the country of the political, economis, or cultural life of another country or religion.
province
land outside the city of Rome that was controlled by the Roman government.
latifundia
huge estates bought up by newly wealthy Roman citizens.
census
population count.
Greco-Roman civilization
the blending of Greek, Hellenistic, and Roman traditions.
Virgil
author of the epic poem, the Aeneid, which tried to show that Rome's past was as herioc as that of Greece.
Livy
a historian who sought to rouse patriotic feeling and restore traditional Roman virtues by recalling images of Rome's heroic past.
Pantheon
a dome structure in Rome that was a temple to all Roman gods.
Galen
a Greek doctor who advanced the frontiers of medical science by insisting on experiments to prove a conclusion.
civil law
a system of law during the Republic that applied to its citiznes.
law of nations
a second system of law that applied to all people under Roman rule, citiznes and non-citizens.
satirize
make fun of.
mosaic
pictures made from chips of colored stone or glass.
engineering
application of science and mathematics to develope useful structures and machines.
aqueduct
in ancient Rome, bridgelike stone structure that carried water from the hills into the cities.

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