WW2
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- D-Day
- June 6, 1944, the day on which Allied forces landed in Normandy, France to begin a massive offensive against the Germans in the occupied territory of Europe
- Siege
- military blockade
- Disarmament
- giving up military weapons
- WACs
- Women's Army Corps
- Operation Overlord
- the Allied invasion of Normandy in June of 1944
- Interment Camps
- Detention centers where more than 100,000 Japanese Americans were relocated during WW2 by order of the President
- Neutrality Acts
- Originally designed to avoid American involvement in WW2 by preventing loans to those countries taking part in the conflict; they were later modified in 1939 2 allow aid 2 Great Britain and other Allied nations
- Office of Price Administration
- set limits on consumer prices and rent 2 prevent inflation
- V-J Day
- Victory of Japan, September 2, 1945
- Bracero Program
- United States labor agents recruited thousands of farm and railroad workers from Mexico. The program stimulated emigration for Mexico
- Atlantic Charter
- Anglo-American declaration that stated the countries aims for the outcome of the war. Stated people of every nation should be free to choose their own form of government and live free of fear and want, disarmament, and a permanent system of general security
- Fascism
- any movement, ideology, or attitude that favors dictatorial government, centralized control of private enterprise, repression of all opposition, and extreme nationalism
- Civil Defense
- protective measures in case of attack. For examples, in the during ww2 volunteers scanned the skies for enemy aircraft and coastal cities enforced blackouts
- Concentration Camps
- prison camps used under the rule of Hitler in Nazi Germany. Conditions were inhuman, and prisoners, mostly Jewish people, were generally starved or worked to death, or killed immediately.
- Rosie the Riveter
- advertising campaign character who encouraged women to take factory jobs
- Island Hopping
- the American navy attacked islands held by the Japanese in the Pacific Ocean. The capture of each successive island from the Japanese brought the American navy closer to an invasion of Japan
- Rationing
- taking items that are in short supply and distributing them according to a system. For instance, during WW2, gas, sugar, and butter were a few of the items rationed in the US
- Lend-Lease Act
- approve by congress in March 1941; the act allowed America to sell, lend or lease arms or other supplies to nations considered "vital to the defense of the US"
- WAVES
- Women Appointed for Volunteer Emergency Service in the Navy
- Dictator
- Political leader who rules a country with absolute power, usually by force
- Nisei
- American-born children of Japanese immigrants; second generation Japanese Americans
- Nuremberg Laws
- established legal basis in Nazi Germany 4 discrimination against Jews
- Office of War Information
- established by the government 2 promote patriotism and help keep Americans united behind the war effort
- National War Labor Board
- helped resolve labor disputes that might slow down war production
- Potsdam Declaration
- Ultimatum from the Potsdam Conference that was issued by the US, Great Britain and China to Japan offering that country the choice between unconditional surrender and total annihilation
- Mobilization
- the gathering of resources and preparation for war.
- Ethiopia
- African nation invaded by fascist Italy in 1935
- Pearl Harbor
- US military base on Hawaii that was bombed by Japan, bringing the US int2 WW2. Pearl Harbor was attacked on Dec. &, 1941
- Kamikaze
- Japanese suicide pilots who loaded their planes with explosives and crashed them into American ships
- Revenue Act of 1942
- raised corporation taxes and required nearly all Americans to pay income taxes
- Annex
- Process by which a government gains control over a territory not presently under their jurisdiction. It usually involves either conquest or the use of force. Germany annexed the Rhineland, Austria, Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia and Poland
- Axis Powers
- Japan, Germany and Italy
- Royal Air Force (RAF)
- Royal Air Force. Britain's air force
- Anti- Semitism
- policies, views, or actions that harm or discriminate against Jews
- Bataan Death March
- April 1942, American soldiers were forced to march 65 miles to prison camps by their Japanese captors. It is called the Death March because so may of the prisoners died en route.
- Dunkirk
- city in the northwest corner of France where the allied troops were trapped by the advancing Germany Army. 800 British ships, ranging from warshipsto fishing boats, crossed the channel from England to rescue over 300,000 British and French troops
- American First Committee
- Organization created by isolationists who argued that the United States should keep out of Europe's business
- IL Duce
- the leader; Benito Mussolini
- Death Camps
- camps used under the rule of Hitler in Nazi Germany for the purpose of killing prisoners immediately
- Code Talker
- Used a special code based on the Navajo language to send messages. The Japanese never broke the code.
- Magic
- Code name 4 US code-breaking operations against the Japanese
- Totalitarian
- a single party and leader who suppress all opposition and control all aspects of people's lives
- Manchuria
- province in northeast China invaded by Japan in September 1931
- Nazism
- the doctrines of nationalism, racial purity, anti-Communism, and the all-powerful role of the State. The National Socialist German Workers Party, otherwise known as the Nazi Party. Nazism was advocated by Adolf Hitler in Germany
- Blitzkrieg
- German lightning warfare. Characterized by highly mobility and concentrated forces at point of attack
- Genocide
- Wiping out an entire group of people
- Korematsu v US
- 1944 Supreme Court case where the Supreme Court upheld the order providing for the relocation of Japanese Americans. It was not until 1988 that Congress formally apologized and agreed to pay $20,000 2 each survivor
- Cash and Carry
- policy adopted by the United States in 1939 to preserve neutrality while aiding the Allies. Britain and France could buy goods from the United States if they paid in full and transported them
- Battle of Britain
- an aerial battle fought in WW2 in 1940 between the Germnay Luftwaffe (air force), which carried out extensive bombing in Britain, and the British Royal Air Force, which offered successful resistance
- Tuskegee Airmen
- 332 fighter group famous for the shooting down over 200 enemy planes. African American pilots who trained at the Tuskegee flying school
- Fair Employment Practices Commission
- established to combat discrimination in industries that held government contracts
- The War Production Board
- supervised the conversion of industries to war production. For example, automakers shifted from making cars to trucks and tanks.
- Allied Nations
- Those countries fighting against the Axis powers. i.e. Britain, France, USA, Canada, USSR, etc.
- Manhattan Project
- code name for the US effort during WW2 to produce the atomic bomb. Much of the early research was done in New York City by refugee physicists in the US
- United Nations
- organization founded after WW2 to promote international peace and cooperation
- V-E Day
- victory in Europe, May 8, 1945
- Maginot Line
- string of steel and concrete bunkers along the German border from Belgium 2 Switzerland set up by the British and French
- Battle of the Bulge
- term used to describe the actions following the German offensive through the Ardennes forests in December 1944
- Appeasement
- policy by which Czechoslovakia, Great Britain and France agreed to Germany's annexation of the Sudetenland in agreement for not taking any additional Czech territory
- Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact
- 1939 agreement between Germany and the Soviet Union. The two nations agreed not 2 take one another and to split the country of Poland between them