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US History: WWI to WWII Potpourri

Terms

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SEC
Acronym: Commission that enforces T-i-S act and Wall Street laws
Triple-entent
Alliance between UK, Russia and France established 1894, 1904, 1907
A Cool Million
Depressing book by Nat West in which a man loses all money
London Economic Conference
Conference in 1933 subverted by FDR's attempts to protect US dollars from deflation
Arabic
Passenger-liner sunk in August 1915
Mahan
Wrote "The Influence of Sea Power"
Sacco and Vanzetti
1921 case where Italian archanists are executed under circumstantial evidence order SV
Herbert Hoover
Secretary of Commerce, facilitates (not regulates) business
Neutrality Acts of 35-37
Three successive acts that outlaw trade, travel and loans with belligerents (need years, omit leading 19)
War Powers Act
Act that grants emergency executive powers to president to run war effort
NRA
Acronym: Administration that has blue eagles, sets up codes of competition
Bernard Montgomery
British commander of WWII
Battle of Coral Sea
May 7th, 1942 battle where ships never see each other, halts Japanese advance
Cairo Conference
November 1943 conference between US, UK and Jiang Jieshi about unconditional surrender of Japan
Truth-in-Securities Act
Reform act that cleans up Wall Street, forerunner to SEC
London Conference
July 1942 conference, results in second front in Africa
Five Power Treaty
Treaty that establishes 5:3:1 battleship ratio between US, Japan and France
Ezra Pound
Poet author of "Hugh Selwyn Mauberley" on postwar crisis
CCC
Acronym: Military-style corp of young men who travel around to do heavy work
Battle of Midway
June 3-6, 1942 battle, Nimitz wins due to superior intelligence, turning point
American Liberty League
League lead by Al Smith (bumped out by FDR) believing that there was too much government intervention
WPB
Acronym: Manages resources, conservation and production during WWII
Sussex Pledge
Agreement in which Germany ceases submarine warfare if British stop mining North Sea
Conscription Act
June 5, 1917: Act that drafts people with two lotteries
Ernest Hemingway
Author of "Old Man and the Sea", "The Sun Also Rises", "A Farewell to Arms" and "For whom the Bell Tolls"
Kellog-Briand Pact
1928 pact that outlaws war but allows self-defense
September 1, 1939
Date WWII began with German invasion of Poland
Sinclair Lewis
Author of Main Street and Babbit, lampoons mid-west and conformity
Indian Reorganization Act
Act that partially repeals Dawes Act, "New Deal" for the Indians
Langston Hughes
Poet Laureate of the Weary Blues
Casablanca Conference
January 1943 conference between FDR and Churchill that produces Unconditional Surrender doctrine
Office of Price Administration
WWII Office that installs price controls on essential items to prevent inflation
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
Non-agression treaty between Germany and Russia
1936
Election year, Roosevelt v. Landon
1924
Election year, Coolidge (Republican) v. LaFollette (Democrat) v. John Davis (Ohio)
Herbert Hoover
Leads Food and Fuel Administration
Albert Fall
Secretary of Interior under Harding responsible for Teapot Dome scandal
Four Power Treaty
Treaty that maintained status quo in Pacific between Japan, US, France and UK
American Legion
Patriotic organization of veterans
June 1940
Month and Year France falls
Battle of the Bulge
December 1, 1944 last ditch effort by Germans to get back to the North sea, Allies defend Antwerp
Second New Deal
Legislation covered from end of 1933 - November 1984
Battle of Verdun
September 26, 1918: Last US engagement, US fights alone
William McAdoo
Secretary of Treasury under Wilson responsible for fiscal policy during WWI
Andrew Mellon
Secretary of Treasury under Harding
John Lewis
Leader of CIO, helps incite United Mine Workers to strike in 43
Battle of Chateau-Thierry
June 4, 1918: first large US battle
Sussex
Passenger-liner sunk in March 1916
AAA
Acronym: Administration run by President that subsidises farmers, managed by Wallace, levies food processor tax
Joint Chiefs of Staff
Highest ranking officer of navy and army, George Marshall
Nagasaki
Site of second atom bomb "Fat Man" by Bockscar drop on Japan
Atlantic Charter
Joint agreement between FDR and Churchill that defines war aims
Douglas MacArthur
US General on Pacific front who moved from south to north after retreating from the Phillipines
Josiah Strong
Author of Our Country, on Anglo-Saxon superiority
Gavrilo Princip
Assassinates Ferdinand on June 28th, 1914
Muscle Shoals Bill
Bills that would allocate funds to dam the Tennessee River and provide employment, is vetoed by Hoover
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
Tariff instated in 1930 that imposes the highest tariff ever
Herbert Hoover
31st president from 1929 - 1933
NRA AAA
Acts overturned by New Deal (order NA, acronyms)
McNary-Haughen Act
Farmer aid act vetoed twice by Coolidge
Stimson doctrine
US response to 1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria
1920
Solemn Referendum, Election Year, Harding v. Cox
Wilson Clemenceau Lloyd George Orlando
Big Four at Versaille, initials WCLGO separated by spaces
WPA
Administration that creates 8M jobs making roads, buildings, bridges and artistic projects
Battle of Okinawa
April-June 1945 Pacfic battle, bloody for Japanese, Nimitz and MacArthur meet up
1916
Election year, Wilson v. Charles Hughes
Edgar Hoover
Leader of FBI, begins NARCS during red scare
TVA
Acronym: Experimental administration that used government to create jobs and land
Overman Act
Act that regulates railroads during WWI
PWA
Acronym: Administration lead by Ickes about big jobs: tunnels, bridges, big buildings
John Steinbeck
Author of The Grapes of Wrath
Social Security Act
1935 act that establishes pensions and insurance
PUHCA
Acronym: Administration that regulates public utility monopolies
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Author of the Great Gatsby, ridiculing materialism
William Jennings Bryan
Resigns due to Lusitania Notes
Harry Truman
33rd president 1945 - 1953
Frederick Taylor
Pioneered scientific management efficiency
Seattle General Strike
Strike of entire city to gain back conditions lost at end of war
WLB
Acronym: Regulates workers hours, conditions and wages, prevents inflation
100 Days Congress
Litmus test of New Deal, runs March-June 1933 (use digits)
Emergency Quota Act
1921 Act that stipulates only 3% of 1910 immigrants are allowed in
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
29th president from 1921 - 1945
Johnson Borah
Leaders of the irreconciliables, order JB
Francisco Franco
Spanish dictator who rises into power after Spanish Civil War in 1936
1917
Year Russians close Eastern front after Bolshevik revolution
DooLittle's Raid
Suicide attack on Japan on May 7th, 1943
Warren Harding
29th president from 1921 - 1923
NIRA
Acronym: Act that establishes National Recovery Administration and Public Works Administration
June 6, 1944
Date of D-Day, largest amphibious assault in the history of the war
Operation Overlord
Code name for D-Day
Immigration Act
1924 Act that stipulates only 2% of 1890 immigrants
FERA
Acronym: Relief agency lead by Hopkins in New Deal
H.L. Mencken
Directs American Mercury magazine ridiculing small-town values (initials for first two words)
April 25, 1945
Date United Nations is established, in san Francisco
Battle of Iwo Jima
March 1945, Pacific battle that, along with the Bulge, assure allied victory
T.S. Eliot
Author of "The Wasteland" on the horrors of war (first two words initials)
Chiseler
A person who put up an NRA blue eagle without following the codes
John Pershing
Leader of the American Expeditionary Force
Woodrow Wilson
28th president from 1912 - 1920
John Keynes
Architect of Mixed Economy model, in which Command and Free Market economies are combined
NYA
Acronym: CWA for 17-year-olds
Potsdam Conference
Conference where Truman, Atlee and Stalin complete post-war agreements. Trinity test is successful during this time
James Byrnes
"Domestic President' who heads Office of War Mobilization
Farmers Mortgage Act
Act that aids people in mortgage need
Hopkins Ickes Wallace Farley
Brain Trust members, order HIWF
Gerald Nye
Senator in charge of committee that determines war merchants caused WWI
Good Neighbor policy
Reversal of Roosevelt Corallory by Hoover
September 2, 1945
Date of V-J Day, when MacArthur accepts Japanese surrender off of the Missouri
Battle of Marianas Islands
August 4, 1944 battle, taking them was essential to getting Guam, from where Allied forces could bomb Japan
Samoa
Site of tug-of-war with Germany resulting in tri-protectorate
Edward Hopper
1926 artist who painted Early Sunday Morning: personal cityscapes
Dust Bowl
Result of 1920s mismanagement of land
Zimmerman note
Proposes Mexico-German relations
First Red Scare
Period of strong sentiment against Capitalism and Communism
National Labor Relations Act
1935 Act that guarantees the right to Unionize
Money Industry Spirit People
Mobilization needs, order MISP, one word spaced
Harry Daugherty
Attorney General under Harding who sold illegal liquor licenses and pardons under Harding
Operation Torch
Codename for allied invasion of North Africa from Novermber 1942 to September 1943
Council for National Defense
Investigative committee established 1916, pre-war planning that wasn't very effective
March on Rome
Event in 1922 that displaces King Victor Emmaneul and establishes Mussolini as leader of Italy
Resettlement Administration
Administration that helps move farmers away from Dust Bowl stricken areas
Lusitania
Passenger-liner sunk off Ireland in May 1915
Mitchell Palmer
Attorney General who prosecutes many suspected Communists
Frances Townsend
Hyper-liberal who wants large pensions for all retirees
Henry Cabot Lodge
Massachusetts senator who called for expansion
Charles Coughlin
Hyper-liberal radio messiah, anti-semitic, wants nationalization of Banking System
Glass-Steagall Act
Act that sets up FDIC, insurance of bank money
AFDC
Acronym: Act that gives aid to families with dependent children, paid for with a withholding tax
Pearl Harbor
Purchased in 1887
AFL
Labor group that supports war effort (use initials)
George Marshall
Lead general of the American army during WWII
1928
Election year, Hoover against Smith (democrat), booming economy makes it a handy victory
Hiroshima
Site of first atom bomb drop "Little Boy" by Enola Gay on Japan
Beer and Wine Act
Permits production of alcoholic beverages with 3.2%
Buford USSR
Russian ship deported in 1919
Fair Labor Standards Act
Act that creates minimum wage and maximum hours
Dawes Plan
American plan to restructure German debt
Washington Naval Arms Conference
Conference held 1921-1922, instance of active isolationism
War Industries Board
Board that organizes industry, reduces waste, rations resources, fairly ineffective (plural)
Triple alliance
Alliance between Austria-Hungary, Germany and Italy, established 1879 and 1882
Office of Strategic Services
Office that organizes intelligence agencies, father of the CIA
CWA
Acronym: Administration that establishes smaller daily jobs for winter
Teheran Conference
December 1943 conference that begins to arrange D-Day
Revenue Act
1935 act that shifts tax responsibility to wealthy
Meuse-Argonne Offensive
Offensive strike by US that gets to St. Mihiel and Verdun, ending WWI
Nationalism Imperialism Militarism Entangling alliances
Causes of WWI. Order NIME, spaces inbetween
Huey Long
Governor of Louisiana, "Share the Wealth" wants to give $5k to all families
Chicago
Site of July 1919 riot angry over shortage of jobs
Office of Scientific Research and Development
WWII agency contributes $100Ms to scientific projects like Manhattan, radar, sonar, etc
fascism racism
Things Double V minority group wanted to combat (order fr)
Manifest Destiny
Idea prevalent from 1840s-1850s associated with Indians, gold and China
Theodore Roosevelt
Police commissioner who called for expansion
1940
Election Year, FDR v. Willkie
REA
Acronym: Agency that gives power to the poor
Reservationist Republicans
Post-WWII group lead by Henry Cabot Lodge opposed to ARticle X
Battle of Guadacanal
August 7, 1942 battle with MacArthur, close to Australia
Fordney-McCumber Tariff
1922 high tariff supported by Mellon
Roosevelt Recession
1937 economic downturn caused by sound fiscal policy due to cut spending and higher taxes
Bracero program
Labor program between US and Mexico importing workers
Adkins v. Children's Hospital
Supreme Court that overturns minimum wage for women
UNIA
Group by Marcus Garvey that seeks immigration back to Africa
Calvin Coolidge
30th president from 1923 - 1929
Pare Lorentz
American documentary-writer who exposed the New Deal's workings
1932
Election year, Roosevelt v. Hoover
Nine Power Treaty
Treaty that establishes open door in China (signed by Western Powers)
May 8, 1945
Date of V-E Day
Bernard Baruch
Leader of WIB
Charles Evans Hughes
Secretary of State under Harding
Economy Seas Culture Propaganda
Causes of US entrance into WWI. Order ESCP, spaces inbetween, one word each
Lever Act
Sets up Food and Fuel Administration, consolidates industry
War Labor Board
Lead by Taft during WWI
Serbia
Site where Archduke Francis Ferdinand is assassinated
Dwight D. Eisenhower
American commander of WWII
HOLC
Acronym: Commission that loans money to house owners
Smith-Connally Act
Act in response to UMW strike that authorizes government to seize industries that are vital to National Defense (has an a)
October 29, 1929
Date the stock market crashed, Black Tuesday
Korematsu v. US
Court case that upholds constitutionality of Japanese internment camps
Yalta Conference
Conference in Crimea, FDR and USSR make agreements for post-war
Georgia O'Keeffe
Aritst of watercolors, flowers, bleak cityscapes, deserts and bones (20s)
16
Number of the amendment that legalizes income tax in 1913
Ludlow Amendment
1937 act that would make war declaration possible only by popular referendum, narrowly defeated
Emergency Banking Act
Act that closes banks, and then reopens only good banks
Monroe Doctrine
1823 - Attitude that told Europeans to stay out of Latin America
The Jazz Singer
First film to use sound (leading the)
Rudyard Kipling
British author of "White Man's Burden"
John Hay
Ambassador who called for expansion
El Alamein
Site of major battle where pincer attack forces 300k Germans to surrender
Charles Forbes
Director of Veteran's Bureau, scandal from stealing money
Frank Lloyd Wright
Pioneering architect of "form follows function"
George Creel
Propagandist in charge of Committee of Public Information
John Davis
Ohian compromise candidate between McAdoo and Smith
Quarantine Speech
Speech that marks turning point in US policy from isolationism to interventionism
Zoot Suit Riots
Californian riots as farmer migrations displace Hispanics
FHA
Acronym: Administration established by NHA that gives money for housing mortgages
Potsdam Declaration
Warning to Japan of "prompt and utter" destruction
Office of War Information
Manages WWII propaganda to censor bad accounts and make war look good

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