AP World History Ch. 16-22 Vocab
Terms
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- Portuguese factory established in 1520's south of Kongo; became basis for Portuguese colony of Angola.
- Luanda
- Russian claim to be successor state to Roman and Byzantine empires; based in part on continuity of Orthodox xhurch in Russia following the fall of Constantinople in 1453
- third rome
- Conflict from 1640 to 1660; featured religious disputes mixed with constitutional issues concerning the powers of the monarchy; ended with restoration of the monarchy in 1660 following execution of previous king.
- English Civil War
- Mine located in upper Peru 9modern Bolivia0; largest of New World silver mines; produced 80% of all Peruvian silver
- Potos'
- Slave voyage from Africa to the Americas; generally a traumatic experience for black slaves, although it failed to strip them of their culture
- Middle Passage
- British states man/ reformer; leader of abolitionist movement in English parliamant that led to end of English slave trade in 1807
- Wilberforce, William
- Also known as Ivan the Great; prince of dutchy of moscow; descent from rurik; freed russia from mongols
- Ivan III
- Most important of early Portuguese trading factories in forest zone of Africa
- El Mina
- spanish enlightened monarch ruled 1759-1788; instituted fiscal, administrative, and military reforms in Spain and its empire
- Charles III
- signed in 1494 between castille and portugal; clairified spheres of influence and rights of posession in New World
- Treaty of Tordesillas
- Kindon of Runaway slaves with a population of 8,000 to 10,00 people; located in Brazil during the 17th century; leadership was Angolan
- Palmares
- Englis scientist during the 17th century; author of Prinicpia; drew the various astronomical and physical observations and wider theories together in a neat framework
- Newton, Isaac
- People living in new world colonies born in spain
- peninsulares
- Wife of Jahangir; amassed power in court and created faction of male relatives who dominated Mughal empire
- Nur Jahan
- Spanish colonial possesions in Mesoamerica: included most of central Mexico; based on imperial system of Aztecs
- New Spain
- Location of greatest seposit of mercury in South America; aided in silver production
- Huancavelica
- Form of Protestantism set up in England after 1534; established by Henry VIII with himself as head
- Anglican church
- Portuguese leadr of an expedition to India; blown of coarse in 500; landed in Brazil
- Pedro Alvares Cabral
- Founder of Mughal dynasty in India; descended from Turkic warriors; died in 1530
- Babur
- Biological and ecological exchange that took place following Spanish establishment of colonies in New World; animals, plants and diseases were transferred
- Columbian Exchange
- Led expedition of 600 to coast of Mexico in 1519; conquistador responsible for defeat of Aztec Empire; captured Tenochtitlan
- Hernan Cortez
- established importance of skaptical review of all recieved wisdom
- Rene Descartes
- Body within Castilian government that issued all laws and advised kings on all matters dealing with the spanish colonies of the new world
- Council of the Indies
- Slender, long hulled vessels utilized by portuguese; key to development of trade w/ Asia
- caravels
- French monarch of late 17th century; absolute monarchy
- Louis XIV
- War within Holy Roman Empire between german protestants and their allies vs. Spain; ended in 1648 after great destruction with treaty of Westphalia
- Thirty Years War
- Dominican friar who supported peaceful conversion of Native American population of the Spanich colonies
- Bartolome de Las Casas
- Restatemant of tradional Catholic beliefs in response to Protestant Reformation
- Catholic Reformation
- University-trained lawyers from Spain in the New World
- letrados
- Safavid ruler from 1587-1629; extended Safavid domain to greatest extent
- Abbas the Great
- German monk; initiated Protestant Reformation in 1517 by nailing 95 theses to the door of Wittenberg church
- Martin Luther
- French Colonies in North America
- New France
- Spanish Jesuit missionary
- Francis Xavier
- Concept of god during the scientific revolution; role of divinity was set to natural laws in motion, not to regulate once process was begun
- Deism
- Cultural and intellectual movemant of northern Europe; after Italian Renaissance; France/low countries/England/Germany
- Northern Renaissance
- Merchant Guild of Seville; monopoly of goods shipped to America
- consulado
- Dynasty elected in 1613 at the end of Time of Troubles; ruled Russia untill 1917
- Romanov Dynasty
- Enlightenment feminist thinker in England; argued that new political rights should extend to women
- Mary Wollstonecraft
- Local mosque officials and prayer leaders within the Safavid Empire; converters
- mullahs
- marriage to Ferdinand united Spain
- Isabella of Castile
- Joint stock company that obtained government monopoly over trade in Asia; acted as virtually independant government in regions it claimed
- Dutch East India Company
- Grants of Indian laborors made to Spanish conquerors and settlers in Mesoamerica and South America
- encomienda
- English overthrow of James II in 1688; result: affirmation of parliament's authority over the king
- Glorious Revolution
- Establishe by Europeans by the 16th century; based on control of the seas
- World Economy
- Revolt against Spanish colonial rule in New Granada in 1781
- Comunero Revolt
- Pastoral people of western Sudan; adopted purifying Sufi variant of Islam
- Fulani
- Strips of land along Brazilian coast granted to minor Portuguese nobles for developmenst
- capitaincies
- Second Romanov tsar; abolished assemblies of nobles; gained new powers over Russian Orthodox church
- Alexis Romanov
- Ottoman infantry divisions that dominated Ottoman armies; forcibly conscripted a baoys; slaves; political influence
- Janissaries