WORLD HISTORY SEMESTER 1 STUDYGUIDE
Semester 1 review
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Marconi
- Italian electrical engineer known as the father of radio
- Capitalism
- an economic system based on private ownership of capital
- India
- Britain took over this country and had imperial control over it, british influence is still seen today.
- Justinian's Code
- justinian appointed a group of scholars to collect and organize the ancient laws of rome the result of which was called ____
- Aristotle
- Governed by many, not by few, greek philosopher, teacher of alexander the great
- French Revolution
- an uprising of the people that led to the end of the French monarchy and the beheading of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette
- Thomas Hobbes
- Believes that humans are naturally evil, believes in a all powerful govt.
- Entrepreneur
- a person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risks of a business
- Wollstonecraft
- social critic, fought for womens rights and suffrage
- Social Democracy
- the belief in a gradual transition from capitalism to socialism by democratic means
- Alexander Graham Bell
- Inventor of telephone
- Plato
- philosopher, teacher of Socrates, founder of platos republic
- Utopianism
- the political orientation of a utopian who believes in impossibly idealistic schemes social perfection
- Simon Bolivar
- "the liberator" pushed spain out of southern america, believed in liberty equality and fraternity
- Congo
- taken over by Belgians, exploited for copper, rubber, and ivory
- Magna Carta
- universal code, "no man is above the law" created by King John
- Social Contract
- An agreement where citizens give up certain rights to the govt for more security
- English Bill of Rights
- Guaranteed certain rights to English citizens. Introduced the concept of individual rights. states that the king is under the law
- Hammurabi's Code
- a set of laws put together by babylons most powerful king, and eye for and eye
- Communism
- a political theory favoring collectivism in a classless society
- Plato's Republic
- this form of govt was created by the philosopher plato, it consisted of 3 classes: gold, silver, and bronze
- Nationalism
- A feeling on intense pride for ones homeland or country
- Declaration of Independence
- this legal document separated the colonies from Britain, written by Thomas Jefferson
- Napoleon Bonaparte
- An amazing french military commander and strategist, became emperor of France
- Scramble for Africa
- When many European countries all rushed into Africa in an attempt to gain lands for themselves.
- Capital
- money used to invest into enterprises
- unions
- an alliance of people with a common interest or cause
- Russian Revolution
- the revolution against the Czarist government which led to the abdication of Nicholas II and the creation of a provisional government in March 1917
- Montesquieu
- believed in seperation of powers, 3 branches of govt
- Romanticism
- a movement in literature and art during the late 18th and early 19th centuries that celebrated nature rather than civilization
- Imperialism
- A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries poitically, socially, and economically.
- James Watt
- Scottish engineer and inventor whose improvements in the steam engine led to its wide use in industry
- Neoclassicism
- revival of a classical style (in art or literature or architecture or music) but from a new perspective or with a new motivation
- Oligarchy
- government by a privileged few
- White Man's Burden
- The duties of the imperial nations to fix the other nations
- Laissez fair
- an economic principal based on the belief that government should ot interfere with business.
- Nikola Tesla
- United States electrical engineer and inventor who discovered the principles of alternating currents and developed the first alternating-current induction motor and the Tesla coil and several forms of oscillators (
- Queen Elizabeth
- "mother of england" divine right, freedom, loved by her poeple,
- natural resources
- resources (actual and potential) supplied by nature
- Thomas Edison
- Inventor of lightbulb, phonograph and numerous other innovations
- FINER
- Free trade, Island country, Navy, Enlightenment ideas, Resources
- French Declaration of the Rights of Man
- French version of the declaration of independence
- Louis Pasteur
- responsible for breakthroughs in microbiology. His experiments confirmed the germ theory of disease, and he created the first vaccine for rabies
- Realism
- an artistic movement whose aim was to represent the world as it is
- Natural Rights
- ___ rights, life liberty and prosperity
- Egypt
- The Country whose capital city is Cairo,
- Monarchy
- Government by a single, sovereign ruler.
- Social Darwinism
- The application of ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies - particularly as a justification for their imperialist expansion.
- Henry Ford
- invented assembly line, owned automobile plant in Detroit
- Jefferson
- author of the Declaration of Independence, believes in democracy
- Eli Whitney
- inventor of the cotton gin
- Wright Brothers
- they invented the air plane; the first flight was in kitty hawk north carolina
- wave theory
- a theory that states that society changes in "waves" and that the waves are unavoidable and are good for humankind
- Democracy
- Rule by the people
- 10 Commandments
- Laws of God, handed to moses containing aspects from the hammurabis code and magna carta
- Reign of Terror
- the historic period during the French Revolution when thousands were executed
- King Louis XIV
- King of France, built the palace of Versailles, absolute monarch
- Rousseau
- People are naturally good, direct democracy, innocence corrupted by society
- industrial revolution
- the transformation from an agricultural to an industrial nation
- Anarchy
- a state of lawlessness and disorder (usually resulting from a failure of government)
- Urbanization
- the social process whereby cities grow and societies become more urban
- Madison
- Author of the constitution, believed in a system of checks an balances
- Karl Marx
- the father of communism
- Lenin
- Russian founder of the Bolsheviks and leader of the Russian Revolution and first head of the USSR (1870-1924)
- Bessemer
- British inventor and metallurgist who developed the Bessemer process
- China
- Communist country, one of the largest countrys in the world,(Not Russia)
- Mexico
- spain took over this country, this country is south of the USA
- Voltair
- believed in freedom of speech, criticized society, wrote candide, believed in an enlightened monarch
- federalism
- division of power between the national and state governments
- Missionary Impulse
- missionaries and colonial officials believed that they had to spread Christian religion
- south africa
- Britain had imperial control over this country, extremely profitable due to a large source of diamonds
- John Locke
- Democracy, govt. has little power, govt. has an obligation to the people