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Music 005 ROUND THREE

Terms

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Episode of fugue
Free polyphonic section after the subject has been introduced in each voice
classical orchestra
20 - 60 players, 15 - 25 minutes long
PARIS: center of 19th century romanticism
chopin (piano), paganini (violin), Listz (piano), Rossini (Opera Composer), Berlioz (only french guy), Bellini (opera composer)
standard forumla for opera scenes
recitative then aria -- singers own the stage
piano
aka pianoforte, late 18th century invention, strings struck by hammers
movement III
leaves the dance and ends up in the woods where there are shepherds playing the melody and he freaks out
counter subject of fugue
a 2nd theme in exposition
Mozarts 3 greatest italian operas
marriage of figaro, don giovanni, and casi fan tutte
Rondo Form
One idea repeated over and over, with occasional sections between
organ
pipes, pedals, and keys
Chopin and romantic piano music
short lyrical piano pieces -- akin to art song, inspired by prelude "intermezzo" "impromptu", piano, developed modern style fingering, others inspired by dances (mazuka, polonaise + waltz, scherzo)
Handel's Messiah
Most famous oratorio, anticipatory, chirstmas, easter
Claudio Monteverdi
master of high renaissance and innovator of baroque style
fugue
height of baroque imitative polyphony, a process not a form, systematic imitative polyphony, not for entertainment but for study and practice
Piano in 19th Century
improvements led to the creation of the grand piano, the instrument of the home, saloon, and stage, even more dynamic range, longer tonal range, mass production of pianos, popular among amateur musicians
harpsichord
plucked strings
clavichord
strings struck by metal levers -- very quiet
Chopin
half french half polish, studied music as youth, 3 spheres of influence: german classicism, polish folk music, italian opera,at 21 moved to paris, exotic to french, shy performer, curt teacher(hardass), romantic friendship with George Sand(feminist woman) suffered from tubercleosis--> died at 39
opera buffa
(comic opera) called singspiel in germany
19th century piano music
piano sonatas, concertos, duos, trios, quartets, arrangements, art songs short pieces(nocturne, etude, sherzo++) pieces for four hands WIDE VARIETY.
idee fixe
An idea that dominates the mind; a fixed idea -- in the music it is a melody that represents the woman he loves
Imitative polyphony
polyphony that imitates the text
genre of symphonie fantastique
program symphony
homorhythmic
everyone follows one rhythm
subject of fugue
theme
Mozart
further expanded the comic opera, greater orchestration, larger, longer, and more complex work, dry and dark humor
Opera
Premier Musical art form in 18th century
movement II
the artist sees the girl dancing with a lot of men and is very upset -- ball/dance
Hector Berlioz
french composer, conductor, critic, and guitar player, 1st true french romantic, left med school for music, loved Shakespeare, opera, Beethoven, fell in love w/ harriet smithson(briefly) 1830 won prix de Rome, potential murderer, success all over europe EXCEPT FRANCE
bach
German teacher, choral director, composer, keyboard virtuoso, Lutheran, extremely prolific craftsman of music,
4 types of program music
concert overture, program symphony, symphonic poem/tone poem, inccidental music (music underneath drama)
romantic orchestra
100+ players, 45 min. - 1 hour long
Robert Schumann
german composer, critic, conductor, a true romantic, loved literature and law, concert pianists and then composer because he hurt his hands, hard fought love for Clara Wieck -- eventually married her, started music journal new journal for music, mentally unstable, CARNAVAL MINIATURES INTRODUCE COLLEAGUES DISCUSSING MUSIC
castrato
the virtuoso male singer as hero
Symphonie Fantastique
an artist in love with a woman who does not love him back tries to kill himself with opium and ends up dreaming her death and ending up in Hell
absolute music
music for music's sake, music is master
answer of fugue
every other subject statements
opera seria
mythological cliches, stories of nobilities, in italian, mythological and noble characters
Handel
german contemporary of bach, famous opera composer turned oratorio man, LONDON
exposition of fugue
contains subject and answers theme/subject repeated in immitation through voices
movement I
dreams, emotions that overtake you, falls in love with the woman -- reveries and passions
homophonic
one melody with harmony underneath
Oratorio
baroque conception, a sacred opera, borrowed secular operatic practices, during lent no operas = PERFECT, soloists, chorus, instrumentalists, no staging, no scenery, no gestures -- implied action, sacred text, characters, biblical figures, sacred entertainment
Program music
literary, philosophical, or pictoral association -- artist is the master
movement V
he is dead and witches, gouls, and gobblins are taking him to hell
Romantic themes in symphonie fantastique
love and yearning, social isolation, narcotics, nature (beauty and fright), death and violence, supernatural
Overture
instrumental introduction to a larger work (opera, play, film) often outlines the hits and or drama to come
movement IV
he freaks out and takes opium to try and kill himself, but instead he ends up becoming unconscious and dreaming that he is sent to the guillotine to die
romantic orchestra
bigger, longer, louder, exploration of dynamics, timbre of instruments and orchestral combinations

Deck Info

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