Honors World Geography Exam
Terms
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- Basic Geographic tools
- Direct observation, mapping, interviewing, statistics, and technology
- Glaciation
- the process where glaciers form and spread
- Fjord
- long, narrow. steep sided inlets
- loess
- a fine, rich, windborne soil
- plodders
- land reclaimed from the sea and drained by the dutch
- foehn
- dry winds that blow down from the mountains
- mistral
- a strong north wind from the alps
- siroccos
- high, dry winds from North Africa
- permifrost
- soil that is permanently frozen
- collective farm
- under communism; state owned farms under which farmers recieve wages
- State farm
- under communism; state owned farm manageed by government officials
- dry farming
- farming technique used in dry regions in which land is plowed and planted deeply to hold water
- cordillera
- parrallel mountain ranges
- pampas
- grassy, treeless plains of southern south america
- alti-plano
- spanish for "high plane". A region in peru and bolivia encircled by the andes mountains
- escarpment
- steep cliff or slope between a higher and lower land surface
- Tierra Templada
- Spanish term for "temperate land". The middle altitude zone of Latin America highlands climates.
- Tierra Fria
- Spanish term for "Cold land'. The highest altitude zone of Latin America
- Tierra Caliente
- Spanish term for "hot land'. The lowest climate region in Latin America
- llano
- Fertile plains on inland areas of Columbia and Venezuela.
- Indigenous
- native
- megacity
- cities with more than 10 million people
- caudillo
- a Latin American political leader from the late 1800's on, often a military dictator.
- sustainable development
- technological and economic growth that does not deplete the human and natural resources of a given area.
- primate city
- a city that dominates a countries economy, culture, and government
- Syncretism
- A blending of beliefs and practices from different religions into a single faith.
- shanty town
- Makeshift communities on the edges of cities
- viceroy
- representative of the spanish government
- latifundia
- large agricultural esates owned by families or cooperations
- NAFTA
- North America free trade agreement
- death rate
- the number of deaths per year per 1000 people
- birthrate
- number of births per year per every 100 people
- culture region
- different countries that have certain traits in common
- cultural diffusion
- the process of spreading new knowledge and skills from one culture to another.
- Unitary system
- gives all key powers to the national or central government. Where does this system exist? Canada, switzerland, mexico, brazil, australia, and india
- Federal system
- Divides the powers of the government between national and state governments
- Autocracy
- Power and authority rule belong to a single individual
- Oligarchy
- A small group holds power
- Theocracy
- government is based on religion
- Democracy
- a system of government in which leaders rule with the consent of thier citizens
- Primary industries
- dependant on natural resources (farming, mining, limber, fishing)
- Secondary industries
- industries that refine and process natural resources (manufacturing)
- Tertiary industries
- service industries (law, medicine, retail)
- Quaternary Industries
- Industries that provide service and service tertiary (education, government)
- Infastructure
- systems that help improve lide and make work more efficient and production (water and sewer systems)
- Developed economy
- economy with well developed indicators, highly functional system of trade, educated workforce, and use of techonolgy
- Developing economy
- economy working toward freater manufacturing
- Traditional economy
- habit and custom determine rules of all economic activity
- Market economy
- individuals and private groups decide what they are going to produce
- Mixed economy
- the government supports and regulates free enterprise through decisions that affect the market
- Command Economy
- the government owns or directs the means of production. Ex: communism
- Fidel Castro
- "Leader" of Cuba
- Zapatistas
- members of the revolutionary guerrilla movement
- Juan peron
- was an Argentine military officer and the President of Argentina.
- Che Guevara
- Cuban guerrilla leader. Guevara was a member of Fidel Castro's 26th of July Movement that seized power in Cuba in 1959.
- Pancho Villa
- one of the foremost leaders of the Mexican Revolution.
- Vincent Fox
- Current president of Mexico
- Amerigo Vespucci
- an Italian merchant and cartographer who voyaged to and wrote about the Americas.