AP Vocab 2
AP Vocabulary - List II
Terms
undefined, object
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- metonymy
- A figure of speech in which a closely related term is substituted for an object or idea. An example: "We have always remained loyal to the crown."
- Fiction (non-realistic )
- A form that began appearing in the nineteenth-century, which has been given particular attention by post-modern authors writing during the last half of the twentieth century and in the twenty-first century. In non-realistic fiction, believable details, events, and characterizations may be integrated with supernatural, fantasy, or absurd elements
- foot
- A metrical unit composed of stressed and unstressed syllables. For example, an iamb or iambic foot is composed of an unaccented syllable followed by an accented one.
- hyperbole
- A figure of speech that exaggerates to provide emphasis, either for comic or serious effect.
- fiction
- An imagined story, whether in prose, poetry, or drama.
- falling meter
- Poetic meters such as trochaic and dactylic that move or fall from a stressed to an unstressed syllable.
- paradox
- A statement that seems contradictory or mistaken, yet turns out, when examined carefully, to make sense.
- lyric poem
- A type of poem characterized by brevity, compression, and the expression of feeling.
- onomatopoeia
- The use of words to imitate the sounds they describe. Words such as buzz and crack are onomatopoetic.
- pathos
- A quality of a play's action that stimulates the audience to feel pity for a character. Pathos is always an aspect of tragedy, and may be present in comedy as well.
- fiction
- realistic , An imagined story, whether in prose, poetry or drama. The details of realistic fiction are consistent with the parameters of life as we know it and of the world in which we live (or of life in the place and time during which the work of fiction is set).
- literal language
- A form of language in which writers and speakers mean exactly what their words denote.
- foil
- A character who contrasts and parallels the main character in a play or story.
- falling action
- In the plot of a story or play, the action following the climax of the work that moves it towards its denouement or resolution.
- meter
- The measured pattern of rhythmic accents in poems.
- ode
- A long, stately poem in stanzas of varied length, meter, and form. Odes are typically serious poems on an exalted subject.
- foreshadowing
- Hints of what is to come in the action of a play or a story.
- point of view
- The angle of vision from which a story is narrated. See narrator. A work's point of view can be: first person, in which the narrator is a character or an observer, respectively; objective, in which the narrator knows or appears to know no more than the reader; omniscient, in which the narrator knows everything about the characters; and limited omniscient, which allows the narrator to know some things about the characters but not everything.
- imagery
- The pattern of related comparative aspects of language, particularly of images, in a literary work.
- iamb
- An unstressed syllable followed by a stressed one, as in to-DAY.
- irony
- A discrepancy or contrast between what is said and what is done or between what is expected and what actually happens. Verbal Irony occurs when characters say the opposite of what they mean. Irony of Situation occurs when the opposite of what the characters or reader expects happens. Dramatic Irony occurs when there is a discrepancy between what a character knows and what the audience (or in some cases, the other characters) knows
- Italian sonnet
- A form of sonnet divided into eight line and six line parts. Also called a Petrarchan sonnet.
- protagonist
- The main character of a literary work
- octave
- An eight-line unit of poetry, which may constitute a verse or section of the poem.
- plot
- The unified structure of incidents in a literary work
- internal rhyme
- The matching of the final vowel or consonant sounds in two or more words that occur within the same line of poetry.
- narrative poem
- A poem that tells a story.
- monologue
- A speech by a single character without another character's response.
- image
- A concrete representation of a sense impression, a feeling, or an idea. In some works one image predominates either by recurring throughout the work or by appearing at a critical point in the plot.
- flashback
- An interruption of a work's chronology to describe or present an incident that occurred prior to the main time frame of a work's action. Writers use flashbacks to complicate the sense of chronology in the plot of their works and to convey the richness of the experience of human time.
- narrator
- The voice heard in a work of fiction, poetry, or drama, often called the speaker. The narrator or speaker should not be confused with the author, whose point of view may or may not be shared by the narrator/speaker.
- iambic pentameter
- A poetic meter consisting of a line of five iambs.
- fable
- A brief story with an explicit moral provided by the author. Fables typically include animals as characters.
- personification
- Giving emotions, abstract concepts, places, inanimate objects, or animals the qualities of humans.
- limited omniscient narrator
- A narrator who can report external actions and conversations of many characters, but can only relate the internal thoughts of one character. A limited omniscient narrator speaks in third person.
- parody
- A humorous, mocking imitation of a literary work, sometimes sarcastic, but often playful and even respectful in its playful imitation.
- parable
- A brief story that teaches an often ethical or spiritual lesson.
- first-person narrator
- A narrator who is also a character in the story, poem, novel, or drama and who tells the story through the use of "I" or "we." First-person narrators can report only their own thoughts and observations and not those of others.
- figurative language
- Words, phrases, or expressions that convey more than their literal meaning. Metaphor, allegory, and symbol are just a few types of figurative language that writers employ.
- omniscient narrator
- A narrator who knows everything and can report on the thoughts and actions of all characters.
- narrative
- A story, which may be told through fiction, non-fiction, drama, or poetry.
- metaphor
- Comparison of two apparently unrelated objects, situations, actions, individuals or settings, without using explicit comparative language such as "like" or "as. Metaphor is one of the most important of literary uses of language.
- free verse
- Poetry without a regular rhyme scheme or metrical pattern.