SWE CSW 1-2
Terms
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Aromas of: flint/stone, citrus, melon, pineapple, banana, apricot, butter, smoke, burnt sugar, caramel, green apple, pears, nuts. honey, peach, ginger, vanilla, oak, butterscotch, nutmeg
- Chardonnay
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Characteristics:
- naturally high in extract
- ripens to higher sugar levels=higher alcohol
- runs risk of low acid
- Chardonnay
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Winemaking techniques used:
- malolactic fermentation
- barrel fermentation
- sur lie aging
- lees stirring (bâtonnage)
- Chardonnay
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Avoidance of winemaking techniques:
- starts off fairly neutral, lean, crisp, flinty
- develops into intense nutty, minerally, honey, butter, caramel flavors
- needs time in the bottle
- Chardonnay
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Offspring of unknown member of Pinot family and Goulais blanc
- Chardonnay
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Performs best on limestone soils and in cool to moderate climates
- Chardonnay
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tends to bud early, making it susceptible to frost
- Chardonnay
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ripens fruit early, sparing the crop the havoc of autumnal cold snaps or rain
- Chardonnay
- Ripens reliably and to high sugar levels
- Chardonnay
- Winter-hardy
- Chardonnay
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Loses acidity quickly as it ripens
- Chardonnay
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Thin skin makes it susceptible to rot
- Chardonnay
- Picking at optimal ripeness and maturity is paramount
- Chardonnay
- Can be light, apply, flinty wine or full-bodied white marked by caramel, butterscotch, vanilla and nuts
- Chardonnay
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Known as Klevner in Germany
- Chardonnay
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Feinburgunder in Austria
- Chardonnay
- Known as Morillon in Austria
- Chardonnay
- White wine: more subtle flavors in Old World, more prominent flavors in New World
- Chardonnay
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- Citrus, lemon, grapefruit
- Granny Smith apples
- butter
- nutty
- honey
- minerals/flint
- high acid
- long lived
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Old World-style Chardonnay
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- tropical fruit, banana, pineapple
- apple pie, apple cobbler
- butterscotch, caramel
- smoky, toasty
- praline, burnt sugar
- vanilla, ginger, nutmeg
- lots of oak
- low acid
- short lived
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New World-style Chardonnay
- white varietal that often acts as a barometer of soil and site
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Sauvignon Blanc
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Aromas of: melon, pear, bell pepper, fig, hay, grass, pineapple, cat pee, musk, lemon, celery, toast, kiwi, lemon grass, stone, grapefruit, gunflint, asparagus, gooseberry, nuts, herbs, lemon-lime, jalapeño
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Sauvignon Blanc
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White wine with characteristics of:
aromatic
high acid
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Sauvignon Blanc
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Clarity of Flavor
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Sauvignon Blanc
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Loire Valley: pungent, smoky, minerally
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Sauvignon Blanc
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Bordeaux, grassy and herbal (oregano, thyme)
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Sauvignon Blanc
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New Zealand, intense grapefruit/citrus, hints of asparagus and jalapeño
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Sauvignon Blanc
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White that prefers cool to moderate, sunny climates
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Sauvignon Blanc
- Vigorous variety must be closely monitored in vineyard; if not checked, vine produces wine with pronounced herbal, bell pepper, asparagus (results from shaded fruit)
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Sauvignon Blanc
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reaches its highest pinnacle in Loire Valley and South Island of New Zealand
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Sauvignon Blanc
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often blended with semillon and muscadelle to produce both dry table wines and sweet dessert wines (Sauternes)
- Sauvignon Blanc
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In Chile, turns out to be Sauvignon Vert or Sauvignonasse
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Sauvignon Blanc
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A less aromatic clone of Sauvignon Blanc
- Sauvignonasse
- A legally approved synonym for Sauvignon Blanc
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Fumé Blanc
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White that is:
- light to medium bodied
- transparent varietal flavor
- mineral, gunflint
- refreshing
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Unoaked Sauvignon Blanc
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White that is:
- medium-bodied
- masked varietal flavor
- smoke, toast
- mouth filling
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Oaked Sauvignon Blanc/Fumé Blanc
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White wines that develop flavors from barrel regimen:
- toast
- oak
- vanilla
- yeastiness
- smoke
- nuts
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Sauvignon Blanc
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White that expresses different flavors on different soils also produces different styles in warm and cool climates
- Riesling
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Aromas of: apple, passion fruit, pineapple, honeysuckle, flint, Juicy Fruit gum, talc, orange blossom, tarragon, hyacinth, slate, stone, peach, lime, honey, apricot, jasmine, ginger, lemon curd, fennel, grapefruit, kiwi, minerals
- Riesling
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White with characteristics of:
- high acid
- ripens to high sugar levels, often finished with some residual sugar
- long lived
- Riesling
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White all about balance and perfume
- Riesling
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White that exhibits balance btwn acid and sugar, fruit and minerals, delicacy and structure
- Riesling
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White indigenous to Germany
- Riesling
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Riesling grown in blue slate
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Minerals & Green Apple
- Riesling grown in red slate (iron rich)
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Peach & Smoke
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Riesling grown in Volcanic soil
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Mango, papaya, tropical fruits
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White where residual sugar provides balance and acts as a catalyst for other flavors
- Riesling
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Cool climate with naturally high acid levels
- Riesling
- Warm climate w/ lower acid levels appears overly sweet when not fermented to dryness
- Riesling
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White prefers cool growing season and cold winters
- Riesling
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white that buds late in spring, avoiding frost damage, ripens late in the fall, thus taking advantage of long growing season
- Riesling
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White that if it doesn't go into true dormancy in winter months, will begin to degenerate
- Riesling
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Most often fermented in neutral vessels (stainless steel, cement, or old, old oak)
- Riesling
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Synonyms for true Riesling
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White Riesling or Johannisberg Riesling
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Grauer Riesling
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Rulander/Pinot Gris
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Gray Riesling
- Trousseau
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Emerald Riesling
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Muscadelle and Riesling cross
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Cape Riesling, Paarl Riesling, Clare Riesling
- Crouchen Blanc
- Welschriesling
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unrelated grape grown in Austria, Bulgaria, Hungary and Italy
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Italian Riesling
- Welschriesling
- Schwarz Riesling
- Pinot Meunier
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White with characteristics:
- lean, reserved
- high, searing acidity
- bone dry to sweet
- citrus fruits and apples
- multifaceted
- perfect for seafood/Pacific Rim cuisine
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Cool climate Riesling
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White with characteristics:
- opulent, full bodied
- round
- bone dry to sweet
- tropical fruit/Juicy Fruit
- multifaceted
- perfect with rich dishes: duck, venison, salty/spicy foods
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Warm climate Riesling
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White where a little residual sugar seems to highlight fruit, when dry, other more complex flavors appear
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Chenin Blanc
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White with aromas of:
Lactic:
- creme fraiche
- sour cream
- plain yogurt
- clotted cream
- buttermilk
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Chenin Blanc
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White with aromas of:
Nuts/Grain
- almond/marzipan
- straw flowers
- nuts
- hazelnut
- toasted bread
- ripe grain
- grains
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Chenin Blanc
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White with aromas of:
Fruit:
- lemon
- melon
- apple
- apricot
- pear
- dried flowers
- orange peel
- fruit
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Chenin Blanc
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White with characteristics of:
- high acid
- high extract
- aromatic
- long lived
- bone dry to sweet
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Chenin Blanc
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All about: Aroma and Substance
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Chenin Blanc
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White with aromatic profile hinting at sweetness, but no sugar on the palate
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Chenin Blanc
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White with high extract and searing acidity
- Chenin Blanc
- disease resistant white, high yielding, late-ripening, wind-tolerant, does well in marginal or cooler climates, warm sites tend to produce grapes with non-descript flavors and aromas
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Chenin Blanc
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White varietal that thrives on chalk or tuffeau soils.
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Chenin Blanc
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White varietal that has thrived in the Loire Valley since the 9th century
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Chenin Blanc
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more fruit driven, apples, pears, melons, apricots, touch of honey/honey roasted nut, creme fraiche
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sweet Chenin Blanc
- tends to be more nutty and lactic, hazelnut, wheat berries, straw flowers, toasted brioche, clotted cream, buttermilk, minerals and citrus
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Dry Chenin Blanc
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apple, butter, almond, mineral, steel, honey, peach, lemon, pear, chalk, flint, orange blossom, honeysuckle, cream
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Pinot Grigio/Pinot Gris
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high acid or low acid
high extract
little or no aroma, or subtle fruit and floral notes
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Pinot Grigio/Pinot Gris
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Miller's pinot, looks like white dusting on underside of leaves
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Pinot Meunier (Miller's pinot)
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so genetically unstable it produces gray-blue and gray-pink clusters on same vine, changes color from year to year at times
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Pinot Gris/Pinot Grigio
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Great concern over its ripening curve: as sugars build, acids drop, forcing many growers to harvest before grapes achieve maturity of flavor
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Pinot Gris/Pinot Grigio