Music 100 Flashcards
Terms
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- Anacrusis
- incomplete measure
- antiphonal
- echoing back and forth
- beat
- steady pulse
- binary
- 2 parts (AB)
- conjunct
- in steps
- consonance
- stable tone
- disjunct
- in leaps
- dissonance
- unstable tone
- homophonic
- 1 melody with accompaniment
- legato
- connected tones
- meter
- pattern of strong and weak beats
- monophonic
- 1 sound
- noise
- irregular vibrations
- polyphonic
- more than 1 melody or same melody in a round
- rhythm
- action of music in time
- staccato
- separated tones
- tempo
- speed of the beat
- ternary
- ABA finish on A
- timbre
- tone color
- tone
- regular, continuous vibrations
- Compare Motets and Magrigals
-
Motet: choirs, special music to enhance worship, 1 movement, men, words from Bible or religious poetry
Madrigal: secular music, sing from book on table for fun, not as difficult (amateurs), men and women, nonsense syllables
Both: vernacular, polyphonic, a cappella, Renaissance, word painting, modal tonality -
fast/slow/moderate:
largo
grave
adagio
andante
moderato
allegretto
allegro
allegromolto
vivace
presto
prestissimo - slow slow slow moderate moderate moderate fast fast fast fast fast
- list dynamics in order from softest to loudest
- pp, p, mp, mf, f, ff
- voices, highest to lowest:
- soprano, mezzosoprano, alto, tenor, baritone, bass
- Italian priest, composer, conductor, and violinist. Basically, he invented the solo concerto
- Vivaldi
- This German composer, famous for his Italian operas and English oratorios, lived much of his life in England.
- Handel
- This composer was also a poet, the author of treatises on theology, science, and medicine, and wrote the earliest known morality play in addition to her first calling in life- serving as a "bride of Christ."
- Hildegard
- This Italian violin virtuoso wrote only instrumental music.
- Corelli
- This French composer wrote the earliest polyphonic setting of the Mass Ordinary
- Machaut
- nephew of the famous organist at St. Mark's Cathedral in Venice, this composer is the first to include dynamics indicators in his compositions.
- G. Gabrieli
- Italian composer of the first operatic masterpiece.
- Monteverdi
- This German church musician composed masterpieces of every Baroque for EXCEPT opera. Acclaimed as a virtuoso organist, his compositions were not famous until generations after his death.
- Johann Sebastian Bach
- Italian Renaissance composer who wrote only sacred music. His 104 masses were models for the music of the Catholic Counter-Reformation and form the basis for first-year collegiate music theory studies
- Palestrina
- Consecutive choirmasters at Notre Dame, these two priests were the first to use measured rhythm
- Leonin and Perotin
- This English composer wrote only one opera, (Dido and Aeneas), but it was a masterpiece, as were his other compositions. In fact, he was considered a master at all the Baroque forms.
- Purcell
- name the 5 movements of the Mass Ordinary:
-
Kyrie
Gloria
Agnus Dei
Credo
Sanctus - four properties of tone:
-
pitch-- degree of highness/ lowness
duration-- length of tone
volume-- degree of loudness
timbre--tone color - difference between cantata and sonata?
-
sonata--to be sounded, instrumental piece
cantata--vocal piece - melismatic
- 1 syllable--many notes
- syllabic
- i syllable--one note
- cantus firmus
- low, stretched out gregorian chants
- ostinato
- little patterns repeated over and over (low)
- Medieval/Middle Ages
-
modal, Latin, male, a cappella, monophonic, melismatic
Dies Irae, Hildegard - Renaissance
-
polyphonic with harmonic function, a cappella (age of), no more cantus firmus, syllabic and melismatic
As Vesta was descending, Josquin - School of Notre Dame
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triple meter, polyphonic, cantus firmus
sacred music of Notre Dame Cathedrale, Leonin and Perotin - Venetian School
-
composers indicate volume for first time, music written for instruments for first time, polychoral, antiphonal
Sonate pian'e forte, A & G Gabrieli - Ars Nova
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polyphonic, mass ordinary, dissonance, secular and sacred music of equal importance, not for glory of God, duple meter
L'Homme Armé, Machaut - Baroque
-
subdivide time, terraced dynamics, affections, opera, Major and minor, string family, drama, sequence
Dido's Lament, Purcell - Medieval/ Middle Ages
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modal, Latin, male, a cappella, monophonic, melismatic
Dies Irae, Hildegard