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Integument (Skin, Hair, Nails)

Terms

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Epidermis
-outermost layer, Avascular -sheds every 30 days -contains melanocytes
Dermis
-highly vascular -contains sensory fibers that react to pain, touch and temp. -varies in thickness (1-4mm)
Hypodermis
-not skin tissues but support structure for the dermis and epidermis -has subcutaneous fat that helps retain heat, provides protective cushion and provides calories
Appendages:
1. hair 2. nails 3. eccrine sweat glands 4. apocrine sweat glands 5. sebacious glands
Hair
-melanocytes provide color -variations in color due to age, gender, race, and hereditary factors
Nails
-epidermal cells converted to hard plates of keratin -nail beds are clues to oxygenation and perfusion
Eccrine Sweat Glands
-most numerous in body--most on palms, soles of feet and forehead
Apocrine Sweat Glands
-Larger and deeper--axillae, nipples, areolae, anogenital area, eyelids, and external ears -decomposition produces body odor
Sebaceous Glands
-secretion prevents skin and hair from drying out -greatest distribution on face and scalp
Finger Clubbing
nail is enlarged and curved
Early Signs of Melanoma (ABCDEF)
A- Asymmetry (not round or oval) B- Border (poorly defined or irregular border) C- Color (uneven, variegated) D- Diameter (usually greater than 6mm) E- Elevation (recent change from flat to raised lesion) F- Feeling (sensation of itching, tingling, o
what is considered the most important function of the skin?
protection
which layer of skin contains sensory fibers that react to touch, pain, and temp?
the dermis
in what age group is milia an expected finding?
newborns
freckles are skin lesions that are also known as:
macules
cyanosis in dark pigmented skin appears as a:
ashen gray color to the skin
when assessing the nail for clubbing, the nurse specifically examines:
the angle of the nail base
what indicates a need to further investigate a lesion?
the lesion bleeds easily when touched
what age group is seborrheic keratosis an expected finding?
older adults
the most common skin lesions in young and school-aged children are the result of:
communicable disease and bacterial infection
what is characterized by an eruption of lesions along a cutaneuos sensory nerve line?
herpes zoster -- shingles
a lesion that appears yellow-green or blue-green under a wood's lamp is indicative of a:
lesion caused by fungal infection

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jleslie

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