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Essential Medical Terms: Physical Exam

Terms

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Scleral icterus
Yellowing of the sclera due to jaundice
Pale conjunctiva
Pale inner aspect of the eyelid due to jaundice
Purulent nasal drainage
Pus in the nasal drainage
Sunken eyes
Dehydration
Photophobia
Light sensitivity
Conjunctival exudate
Pus in the eyes
TM erythema
Red tympanic membrane (ear drum)
TM dullness
Ear infection
Loss of TM landmarks
Ear infection
Rhinorrhea
Clear nasal discharge
Tonsular exudate
Pus in the tonsils
Trismus
Inability to fully open mouth
Periorbital eccymosis/Raccoon eyes
Periorbital black and blue
Nystagmus
jiggling eye balls
Subconjuctival hemorrhage
Blood in white of eye
Poor handling of secretions
Drooling at the mouth, choking, and gagging
Decreased gag reflex
Airway problems
Otitis Media
Middle ear infection
Pharyngeal erythema
Redness of the throat
EOM palsy
Paralysis of EXTRA OCULAR MOVEMENTS
Anisocoria
Unequal diameter of pupils
CN
Cranial nerves
Oriented x3
Oriented to time, place, and person.
Antalgic gait
Limping
Decreased Rectal tone
Neurological problem
Clonus
Wobbling of the hands or feet
Aphasic
Without speech
Pronator drift
Neurological sign
Tongue deviation
Tongue pointing to one side
Facial palsy
Paralysis of the face
Papilledema
Swelling of the optic nerve noted fundoscopic exam
Abnormal Fundiscopic
Inside of the eyes as seen with ophthalmoscope
Romberg's sign
Falling to one side (cerebellum)
Hemiparesis
Weakness on one half of the body
Hemiplegia
Paralysis on one half of body
Dysphasia
Loss of coordination (buttoning shirt, etc.)
Thyromegaly
Big Thyroid
Lymphadenopathy
Enlarged lymph nodes
Meningismus
Stiff Neck
Brudzinski
Sign of meningitis
Kernigs
Sign of meningitis
Carotid bruit
Noise from carotid narrowing
CV angle tenderness
Costovertebral angle tenderness, adjacent to T12/L1/L2 and low ribs
Vertebral point-tenderness
Tenderness directly over spine
Hepatomegaly
Englarged liver
Splenomegaly
Enlarged spleen
Prominent aortic pulsation
Possible aortic aneurysm
Femoral pulse deficit
Heart pulse skipped at femoral pulse point
Guarding
Area in patient so tender, patient is "guarding" area with his/her handds
Rebound
Pain when releasing hand from abdominal palpation
Mass
Any abnormal enlargement
Diaphoresis
Sweaty
Cyanosis
Blue skin due to lack of oxygen
Pallor
Pale skin
Ecchymosis
Bruising
JVD
jugular vein distension, check at thirty degrees
Tachycardia
Fast heart rate
Bradycardia
Slow heart rate
Irregularly irregular rhythm
Usually atrial fibrillation
Extra systoles
Extra beats of the heart
PMI displaced laterally
Sign of enlarged heart
Gallop
Extra heart sound heard, common in CHF
Murmur
Abnormal heart sound rated on 1-6 scale, 6 being the worst
Friction Rub
Heart or lung rubbing on wall
PVC
Premature ventricular contraction
PAT
Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
PSVT
Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
Wheezing
Musical sound frequently heard with asthmatics and heart failure
Rales
Wet crackling in lungs due to pneumonia or heart failure
Rhonchi
Sound of mucous rolling around in the bronchioles/bronchi
Prolonged expirations
Usually heard in asthma
Accessory muscle use
Struggling for breath using extra muscles
Dullness on percussion
Fluid or mass underneath the place being percussed
Stridor
Noise on respiration, this is a common sign in croup cough

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