7th grade science final-II-minisink
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- what is the steady beat ofyour heart called
- pulse
- what are the two lower chambers of your heart called
- ventricles
- what are the two upper chambers of your heart called
- atriums
- what is hypertension
- high blood pressure
- where is hemoglobin found
- in the red blood cell
- what is the function of hemoglogin
- it is a chemical in read blood cells that carries oxygen to tissues
- what is the difference in the shapes of the red and white cells
-
the red cells are a disc shape
white cells are round - what is the largest artery in the body
- aorta
- what do white blood cells do
- they fight off infection
- what is it called when arteries get glogged
- artherosclerosis
- in the circulatory system there are thick vessels that carry bloodaway from the heart what are they called
- arteries
- in the circulatory system there are elastic vessels that carry blood back to the heart what are they called
- veins
- two purposes of the respiratory system
-
supply oxygen to the blood
remove carbon dioxide - a byproduct of respiration is
- carbon dioxide
- vocal cords or voicebox
- larynx
- dome shaped muscle at the bottom of the chest which helps with breathing
- diaphram
- two brached out passageways which go from the trachea to the lungs
- bronchi`
- process in cells where oxygen combines with food to produce oxygen
- respiration
- passageway at the back of the nose and mouth
- pharynx
- tube which tramsports air to the lungs
- trachea
-
main organ of respiration where o2 + co2
is exchanged - lungs
- flap of tissue that covers trachea when swallowing
- epiglottis
- these air sacs are located at the very end ofthe bronchi- they are round sacs and have thin walls- this is where oxygen and carbon dioxide is exchanged from the respiratory system into the blood
- alveoli
- what do platelets do to the blood
- they clot(thicken) the blood
- three parts of the circulatory system
- blood, blood vessels and heart
- shape of red cells
- disk shape- round
- shape of white cells
- irregular
- in a plant - a disk like structure in the plant cell that contains chlorophyl
- chloroplast
- rod shaped bodies in a cell that store and release energy
- mitochondria
- a thin layor of protein that surrounds a cell- lets material in and out of cell
- cell membrane
- a rigid layer that currounds a plant cell
- cell wall
- is center of cell and controls all life activities of the cell
- nucleus
- a liquid filled sac in a cell(storage sac)
- vacuole
- one celled organ
- unicellular
- many celled organ
- multicellular
- a network of tubelike structure in a cell
- endoplasmic reticulum
- this organelle in the cell makes protein
- ribosome
- the process which a cell divides into two cells and divides aagain
- mitosis
- what is the cell theory
- every cell comes fromanother cell all organisms are made up of cells
- what connects the mouth to the stomach
- esophagus
- the stomach breaks down this nutrient
- protein
- nutrient made of sugar or starch
- carbohydrates
- mineral that helps build strong bones and teeth
- calcium
- which intestine absorbs water and passes undigested food through as waste
- large intestine
- where does digestion
- mouth
- what is in the mouth that begins to break down the food
-
teeth - mechanical
enzymes in saliva - chemical - function of digestive system
- to change food so it can be used by the body for energy
- what begins chemical digestion
- saliva in the mouth
- what begins mechanical digestion
- chewing with teeth in the mouth
- what are carbohydrates made of
- sugar and starch
- examples of carbohydrates
- vegetables, sweets, most white foods - bread, potatoes
- what do carbohydrates give give to the body
- they give off energy and heat
- what do proteins give to the body
- build and repair body tissue
- protein examples
- meats, fish nuts, beans, cheese
- what do fats do for your body
- store energy for later use
- fat examples
- oils, butter, fat from meats
- what is necessary for all cells to carry out life functions but does not give off energy
- water
- what is the measurement of eneergy from food
- calories
- the study of heredity
- genetics
- what is gene theory
-
one half of the genes come from the sex cell of one parent
one half of the genes come from the sex cell of the other parent -
genes can be dominant or recessive
which one always shows itself is represented by capitalletter - dominant
- what kind of gene stays hidden when the dominant gene is present
- recessive - shown by a lower case letter
- in chemistry this contains 2 or more atoms
- molecule
- what is called the diffusion of water through a cell membrane
- osmosis
- physical change
- when matter changes it's appearance
-
a tissue that is used to move all parts of the body
made up of individual cells called fibers - muscle
- functions of muscle
-
produce movement
give us strength
aid in movement of food during digestion
to help move blood through body
to help in removal of body wastes - how do muscles work
- effort force (force from humans)- use energy to move body by making humans work
- what is is called when movement is controlled by our thoughts
- voluntary (you can control it by thinking of what you want it to do)
- what is it called when movement is automatically controlled by the brain
- involuntary - the brain makes the movements not your thoughts
- three types of muscles
-
skeletal
cardiac
smooth - where do you find skeletal muscle
- attached to bones - help you walk, talk, run
- where is cardia muscle found
- heart - contracts to pump blood
- where is smooth muscle found
- in the walls of many interanal organs
- describe cartilage
- Cartilage is a translucent, elastic tissue (bluish) found at end of bone provides padding