Med Terms
Terms
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- squamous cell layer
- flat, scale-like epithelial cells comprising the outermost layers of the epidermis
- ventricle
- lower right and left chambers of the heart
- Mohs surgery
- a technique used to excise tumors of the skin by removing fresh tissue layer by layer until a tumor-free plane is reached
- ad-
- toward, near
- cardiac muscle
- muscle of the heart
- exostosis
- a projection arising from a bone that develops from cartilage
- rhin/o
- nose
- vir/o
- virus
- caud/o
- tail
- pharmac/o
- drugs, pharmacology
- fibul/o
- fibula
- oro
- mouth
- sial/o
- salivary gland
- seborrheic dermatitis
- redness of the skin covered by a yellow, oily, itchy scale most commonly at the hairline, forehead, and around the nose ears or eyelashes
- dyspnea
- difficult or labored respiration
- trich/o
- hair
- arthr/o
- joint
- -pexy
- fixation
- hypopigmentation
- areas of skin lacking color due to deficient amounts of melanin
- hepat/o
- liver
- chole
- bile
- scirrh/o
- hard
- crani/o
- cranium (skull)
- six
- hexa-
- super-
- above, beyond
- gymn/o
- naked
- inferior (caudal)
- situated below another structure, away from the head
- arthralgia
- joint pain
- fluoroscopy
- examination of body structures using a fluoroscope
- bone
- specialized connective tissue composed of osteocytes forming the skeleton
- pericardium
- protective sac enclosing the heart composed of two layers with fluid between
- seborrheic keratoses
- benign wart-like lesions
- plaque
- a solid mass greater than 1 cm in diameter, limited to the surface of the skin
- anthrop/o
- man, human being
- supra-
- above, beyond
- vascular lesions
- lesions of a blood vessel
- second-degree burn
- a burn involving the epidermis and the dermis, characterized by erythema, hyperesthesia, and vesications (blisters)
- spondyl/o
- verterbae
- -dynia
- pain
- myceto
- fungus
- mitral or bicupsid valve
- heart valve between the left atrium and left ventricle (cuspis= point)
- om/o
- shoulder
- -sect
- to cut
- organ/o
- organ
- retro-
- behind, backward
- scoli/o
- twisted
- scoli/o
- crooked, twisted
- rubeola
- reddish; 14-day measles
- dextr/o
- right
- nypo-
- under, deficient, below
- million
- mega-
- cellulitis
- an acute inflammation of subcutaneous tissue resulting from a bacterial invasion through a break in the skin
- skin grafting
- transfer of skin from one body site to another to replace skin lost through burns or injury
- cata-
- down, downward
- pediculo
- louse
- lip/o
- fat
- techn/o
- art, skill
- anti-inflammatory
- a drug that reduces inflammation
- leiomyoma
- smooth muscle tumor
- axis
- line that runs through the center of the body or body part
- normal sinus rhythm (NSR)
- regular rhythm of the heart cycle stimulated by the SA node (average rate of 60 to 100 beats/minute)
- skin tests
- methods for determining the reaction of the body to a given substance by applying it to or injecting it into the skin
- spectr/o
- image, spectrum
- hyper-
- above, excessive, beyond
- ped/o
- child
- interatrial septum
- partition between right and left atrium
- pleuro
- pleura/rib/side
- six
- sex
- vertebr/o
- vertebra
- lox/o
- oblique, slanting
- hypotension
- low blood pressure
- ana-
- upward, backward
- long bones
- bones of arms and legs
- cost/o
- rib
- oste/o
- bone
- physi/o
- nature
- osteoma
- bone tumor
- six
- hex-
- cardiomegaly
- an abnormal enlargement of the heart
- hep/o
- liver
- -prosis
- porous, decrease in density
- cox/o
- hip
- -genesis
- production, formation
- dynam/o
- power, strength
- kerat/o
- cornea (of eye)
- crust
- dried residue from serum (body liquid) , pus, or blood on the skin
- pelv/i
- pelvis
- ger/o, geront/o
- aged, old age
- scabies
- a contagious disease caused by a parasite that invades the skin, causing an intense itch-often found between the fingers toes or elbow
- orchi/o
- testicle (testis)
- gry/o
- circle, spiral
- herpes simplex virus type 1
- transient viral vesicles that infect the facial area (creeping skin disease)
- lupus
- a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of various parts of the body
- posterior (P) dorsal
- back of the body
- psoriasis
- an itching; a chronic, recurrent skin disease marked by silver-gray scales covering red patches on the skin that result from overproduction of skin cells
- open comedo
- open to the skin surface with a black center caused by the presence of melanin exposed to air (blackhead)
- osteomalacia
- disease marked by softening of the bone caused by calcium and vitamin D deficiency
- arthr/o
- joint (articulation)
- derm/o
- skin
- pulmonary circulation
- circulation of blood from the pulmonary artery through the vessels in the lungs and back to the heart via the pulmonary vein, providing for the exchange of gases
- gloss/o
- tongue
- Medial
- pertaining to the middle
- posterior-anterior (PA)
- from back to front; commonly associated with the direction of an x-ray beam
- contra-
- against, opposite
- -coma
- deep sleep
- somat/o
- body
- lingu/o
- tongue
- hist/o
- tissue
- ostealgia/osteodynia
- bone pain
- sclerotherapy
- use of sclerosing agents in treating diseases (ex. injection of a saline solution into a blood tumor in the skin, results in hardening of tissue and eventual sloughing away of the lesion)
- synovial fluid
- lubricating fluid secreted by the synovial membrane
- axi/o
- axis
- sinistr/o
- left
- -rrhaphy
- suture
- cyto
- cell
- patch test
- the substance is applied topically to the skin on a small piece of blotting paper or wet cloth
- temp/o, tempor/o
- time, the temples
- capillaries
- tiny vessels that join arterioles and venules
- urethr/o
- urethra
- skin pigmentation
- skin color due to the presence of melanin
- -some
- body
- melan/o
- black
- carcin/o
- cancer
- skelet/o
- skeleton
- depigmentation
- loss of melanin pigment in the skin
- phren/o
- diaphragm
- viscer/o
- internal organs
- pronation
- turning downward or backward of the palmar surface (palm of the hand)
- opthalm/o
- eye
- lacerations
- jagged tears
- duct/o
- to lead
- myalgia/myodynia
- muscle pain
- scratch test
- the substance is applied to the skin through a scratch
- ec-, ecto-
- outside, out
- sign
- (medicine) any objective evidence of the presence of a disorder or disease
- geni/o
- chin
- -listhesis
- slipping
- angiocardiography
- Radiography of the heart and great vessels is called _________.
- steth/o
- thorax (chest)
- -labile
- unstable, perishable
- excoriation
- a scratch mark (from a cat)
- -tumescence, tummesc/o
- swelling
- scoliosis
- abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
- peri-
- around, surrounding
- Primary Tissues
- Epithelium, Connective, Muscle, Nervous
- anter/o
- front
- pharmaco
- drugs/chemist
- telangiectasia
- a tiny, red blood vessel lesion formed by the dilation of a group of blood vessels radiating from a central arteriole
- anomal/o
- irregular
- pyo
- pus
- nephr/o
- kidney
- leiomyosarcoma
- malignant smooth muscle tumor
- metaphysis
- growth zone between epiphysis and diaphysis during development of a long bone
- cherry angioma
- a small, round, bright-red blood vessel tumor on the skin, often on the trunk of the elderly
- calcane/o
- heel
- lumb/o
- loin (lower back)
- nutri/o
- too nourish
- melanocyte
- a cell found in the basal layer that gives color to the skin
- tinea
- a group of fungal skin diseases identified by the body part that is affected, including tinea corporis (body), called ringworm, and tinea pedis (called athlete's foot)
- oesophag/o
- oesopohagus
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- a more severe form of lupus involving the skin, joints, and often the vital organs
- thermo
- heat
- dermat/o
- skin
- flexion
- bending at the joint so that the angle between the bones is decreased
- pyr/o
- fire, fever, heat
- rhabdomyosarcoma
- malignant skeletal muscle tumor
- nomen-
- name
- poster/o
- behind, towards the back
- onchyo
- nail
- dermat/o
- skin
- lord/o
- curvature, bending
- hydro
- water (fluid)
- kyphosis
- abnormal posterior curvature of the thoracic spine
- ton/o
- tone or tension
- carpo
- wrist
- medial
- toward the middle
- range of motion (ROM)
- total motion possible in a joint, described by the terms related to body movements, ability to flex, extend, abduct or adduct etc
- bone marrow
- soft connective tissue within the medullary cavities of bones
- nail
- outgrowth of the skin attached to the distal end of each finger and toe, composed of keratin
- antihistamine
- a drug that blocks the effects of histamine on the body
- fibr/o
- fiber
- one hundreth
- centi-
- adduction
- movemnt toward the body
- yellow bone marrow
- gradually replaces red bone marrow in adult bones, functions as storage for fat tissue and is inactive in formation of blood cells
- hyperpigmentation
- darkened areas of skin caused by excessive amounts of melanin
- myositis
- inflammation of muscle
- plas/o
- formation
- pre-
- before, in front of
- thrombo
- blood clot
- podo
- foot
- arteries
- vessels that carry blood from the heart to arterioles
- xer/o
- dry
- autograft
- transfer to a new position in the body of the same person
- laser
- an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiated; an instrument concentrates high frequencies of light into a small, extremely intense beam that is precise in depth and diameter
- periosteum
- a fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the bone
- uln/o
- ulna
- abscess
- a localized collection of pus in a cavity formed by the inflammation of surrounding tissues that heals when drained or excised
- para-
- along side, near, abnormal, beyond
- tibi/o
- tibia
- fasci/o
- fascia (a band)
- sub-
- under, beneath
- sudoriferous glands
- sweat glands (sudor = sweat; ferre= to bear)
- adipo
- fat
- -hexia
- condition
- perone/o
- fibula
- hyperglycemia
- abnormally high blood sugar usually associated with diabetes
- half
- hemi-
- infra-
- below, beneath
- arthro
- joint
- karyo
- nucleus
- appendico
- appendix
- the/o
- God
- myeloma
- bone marrow tumor
- third-degree burn
- a burn involving all layers of the skin, characterized by destruction of the epidermis and dermis with damage or destruction of the subcutaneous tissue
- systemic circulation
- circulation of blood throughout the body through arteries, arterioles, capillaries, and veins to deliver oxygen and nutrients to body tissues
- apnea
- Temporary cessation of breathing
- bursa
- a fibrous sac between certain tendons and bones that is lined with a synovial membrane that secretes synovial fluid
- col/o
- colon (large intestine)
- muscul/o
- muscle
- rrythm/o
- rhythm
- one
- uni-
- gen
- producing
- cutane/o
- skin
- pylor/o
- part of stomach
- -oma
- tumor, mass
- homograft/allograft
- donor transfer between individuals of the same species such as human to human
- eti/o
- cause
- -poiesis
- formation
- -rrhagia, rrhage
- excessive flow
- onychia
- inflammation of the fingernail or toenail
- tendin/o
- tendon
- articul/o
- joint
- glyco
- sugar
- iatro
- physician
- spasm
- drawing in; involuntary contraction of muscle
- vulgaris
- common
- -ectomy
- surgical removal
- seb/o
- sebum (oil)
- tars/o
- tarsus, edge of eyelis
- dent/o
- tooth
- humer/o
- humerus
- tremor
- shaking; rhythmic muscular movement
- half
- semi-
- xiph/o
- sword-shaped, xiphoid
- morph/o
- shape, form
- recumbent
- lying down
- sebum
- oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands
- sanit/a
- health
- two
- di-
- herpes simplex virus type 2
- sexually transmitted ulcer-like lesions of the genital and anorectal skin and mucosa; virus is dormant and appears at times of stress
- anti-
- against
- keratoses
- thickened areas of epidermis
- anterior-posterior (AP)
- from front to back; commonly associated with the direction of an x-ray beam
- dermatosis
- any disorder of the skin
- myoma
- muscle tumor
- dia-
- through, apart
- stern/o
- sternum (breastbone)
- dactyl/o
- digit (finger or toe)
- kyph/o
- humpback
- superior (cephalic)
- situated above another structure, toward the head
- trache/o
- trachea (windpipe)
- actinic (solar) keratoses
- localized thickening of the skin caused by excessive exposure to sunlight; a known precursor to cancer
- opisth-
- backward, behind
- incisional Bx
- removal of a selected portion of a lesion
- lesion
- an area of pathologically altered tissue (primary and secondary)
- amyl
- starch
- keratin
- hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair, and nails
- synovial membrane
- membrane lining the capsule of a joint
- electrosurgical procedures
- use of electric currents to destroy tissue-the type and strength of the current and method of application varies
- cutaneous lupus
- limited to the skin; evidenced by a characteristic rash especially on the face, neck and scalp
- coccyg/o
- coccyx
- polarization
- resting; resting state of a myocardial cell
- homeostasis
- the process by which organsims keep their internal conditions reltively stable
- closed fracture
- a broken bone with no open wound
- goni/o
- angle
- thousand
- kilo-
- sebaceous glands
- oil glands in the skin
- sarc/o
- flesh
- bronch/o
- bronchus
- epidermal tumors
- skin tumors arising from the epidermis
- hypotonia
- reduced muscle tone or tension
- phrenic
- of or relating to the diaphragm
- cervic/o
- neck, cervix
- electrodesiccation
- use of short, high-frequency, electric currents to destroy tissue by drying--the active electrode makes direct contact with the skin lesion
- short bones
- bones of wrists and ankles
- amylase
- An enzyme that breaks down starch
- -plasty
- repair
- Ventral Cavity
- Abdominal, Pelvic, Thoracic
- antr/o
- antrum
- eruption
- appearance of a skin lesion
- articulation
- a joint; the point where two bones come together
- fissure
- a linear crack in the skin
- osteoarthritis (OA)
- most common form of arthritis that especially affects weight-bearing joints (ex. knee, hip) also called degenerative arthritis, degenerative joint disease
- supination
- turning upward or forward of the palmar surface (palm of the hand)
- -blast, blast/o
- early embryonic stage, immature
- erosion
- to gnaw away; loss of superficial epidermis leaving an area of moisture but no bleeding
- ven/o
- vein
- spondyl/o
- vertebra
- chondromalacia
- softening of cartilage
- pyret/o
- fever
- circum
- around
- comedo
- a plug of sebum (oil) within the opening of a hair follicle
- eury-
- wide, broad
- trans-
- across
- epiphysis
- wide ends of a long bone
- chir/o, cheir/o
- hand
- ambi-
- around, on both sides
- koila
- glue
- -megaly
- enlargement
- flat bones
- bones of ribs, shoulder blades, pelvis and skull
- centr/o
- center
- oophor/o
- ovary
- hypertension
- a common disorder in which blood pressure remains abnormally high (a reading of 140/90 mm Hg or greater)
- dyplastic nevus
- a mole with precancerous changes
- ren/o
- kidney
- -lucent
- light-admitting
- debridement
- removal of dead tissue from a wound or burn site to promote healing and prevent infection
- vertebr/o
- vertebra
- gingiv/o
- gums
- bursitis
- inflammation of a bursa
- -desis
- surgical fixation, fusion
- -puncture
- to pierce the surface
- femor/o
- femur
- ventr/o
- front of the body, belly
- calor/i
- heat
- simple fracture
- a nondisplaced fracture involving one fracture line that does not require extensive treatment to repair
- ichthy/o
- fish
- spondyl/o
- vertebra
- bony necrosis/sequstrum
- dead bone tissue from loss of blood supply such as can occur after a fracture
- antiseptic
- an agent that inhibits the growth of infectious microorganisms
- onych/o
- nail
- Posterior/Dorsal
- back of body
- rickets
- osteomalacia in children
- an/o
- anus
- comminuted fracture
- broken in many little pieces
- lob/o
- lobe (eg of lung)
- mer/o
- part
- fore-
- before, in front of
- pub/o
- pubis
- en-, endo-
- inside, within
- prone
- lying face down and flat
- -rrhea
- flow, discharge
- mwl/o
- limb, limbs
- Dorsal Cavity
- Cranial, Spinal
- antihypertensive
- a drug that reduces high blood pressure
- tracheobronchial
- relating to the trachea and bronchi
- paedo
- child
- insertion of a muscle
- muscle end attached to the bone that moves when the muscle contracts
- sputum
- Mucus or phlegm that is coughed up from the lining of the respiratory tract.
- proxim/o
- near
- tendin/o
- tendon (to stretch)
- -therapy, therapeut/o
- treatment
- myos
- muscle
- incision and drainage (I&D)
- incision and drainage of an infected skin lesion
- antifungal
- a drug that kills or prevents the growth of fungi
- melanin
- dark brown to black pigment contained in melanocytes
- exanthematous viral disease
- eruption of the skin caused by a viral disease
- aden/o
- gland
- tend/o
- tendon (to stretch)
- zyg/o
- union, junction
- red bone marrow
- found in cavities of most bones in infants; forms red blood cells, some white blood cells and platelets
- lateral
- toward the side
- chemotherapy
- treatment of malignancies, infections, and other diseases with chemical agents that destroy selected cells or impair their ability to reproduce
- muscular dystrophy
- a category of genetically transmitted disease characterized by progressive atrophy of skeletal muscles
- atopic dermatitis
- a chronic skin inflammation characterized by the appearance of inflamed, swollen papules and vesicles that crust and scale
- -stomy
- surgial opening
- medullary-cavity
- cavity within the shaft of the long bones filled with bone marrow
- gastr/o
- stomach
- fracture line
- line made by broken bone
- oste/o
- bone
- dermis
- dense, fibrous connective tissue layer of the skin
- antipruritic
- a drug that relieves itching
- hydr/o
- water
- tendon
- a band of fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone
- tricuspid valve
- valve betwwen the right atrium and the right ventricle
- sacr/o
- sacrum
- cephal/o
- head
- juxta-
- near
- irregular bones
- bones of vertebrae and face
- epiphysitis
- inflammation of epiphyseal regions of the long bone
- lymphedema
- Edema appearing in the extremities due to an obstructin of the lymph flow through the lymphatic vessels
- papule
- a solid mass on the skin up to .5 cm in diameter
- culture and sensitivity (C&S)
- a technique of isolating and growing colonies of microbes to identify a pathogen and determine which drugs might be effective in combating the infection it has caused
- laser surgery
- surgery using a laser in various dermatological procedures to remove lesions, scars, tattoos etc
- articular cartilage
- a gristle-like substance found on bones where they articulate
- squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
- a malignant tumor of squamous epithlium
- ithy-
- erect, straight
- patch
- a flat, discolored area on the skin larger than 1 cm (vitiligo)
- aque/o
- water
- lei/o
- smooth
- one
- mono-
- scapul/o
- scapula
- squam/o
- scale
- erect
- normal standing position
- scler/o
- hard
- aorta
- large artery that is the main truck of the arterial system branching from the left ventricle
- uro
- urine
- erythema
- redness of skin
- pericardial cavity
- fluid- filled cavity between the pericardial layers
- eight
- octi
- ile/o
- ileum (part of small intestine)
- varicella
- a tiny spot; chickenpox
- endosteum
- membrane lining the medullary cavity of a bone
- atrioventricular node (AV node)
- neurological tissue in the center of the heart that receives and amplifies the conduction of impulses from the SA node to the Bundle of His
- -logy
- study of
- basal layer
- deepest region of thee epidermis
- arterio
- artery
- lacto
- milk
- phleb/o
- vein
- mega-, megalo-
- large
- seborrhea
- a skin condition marked by the hyperesecretion of sebum from the sebaceous glands
- cardi/o
- heart
- scale
- a thin flake of exfoliated epidermis (dandruff)
- sagittal plane
- vertical division of the body into right and left portions
- pelv/i
- hip bone or pelvic cavity
- ankyl/o
- stiff
- maxill/o
- maxilla
- epithelium
- cells covering external and internal surfaces of the body
- fulguration
- to lighten; use of long, high-frequency, electric sparks to destroy tissue; active electrode does not touch the skin
- tumor
- a solid mass larger than 1-2 cm
- blepharoplegia
- Paralysis of the eyelid is
- myc/o
- fungus
- ion/o
- ion
- steat/o
- fat
- patell/o
- knee cap
- pyel/o
- pelvis/kidney
- purpur/o
- purple
- primary lesions
- lesions arising from previously normal skin
- pharyng/o
- pharynx
- parietal pericardium
- outer layer (parietal= pertaining to wall)
- proximal
- toward the beginning or origin of a structure
- two
- bi-
- cryosurgery
- destruction of tissue by freezing--involves application of an extremely cold chemical
- purpuric lesions
- purpura; lesions as a result of hemorrhages into the skin
- dis-
- apart, to seperate
- ankylosis
- stiff joint condition
- eight
- octa-
- repolarization
- recharging of the myocardial cell from a contracted state back to a resting state (re= again; polarization= resting)
- collagen
- protein substance found in the skin and connective tissue
- system/o
- system
- hypertension
- high blood pressure
- venules
- small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the veins
- myel/o
- bone marrow or spinal cord
- thyr/o
- thyroid gland
- flaccid
- flabby, relaxed, or having defective or absent muscle tone
- ten/o
- tendon
- Prone
- lying face down
- ly/o
- dissolve, loosen
- fil/o, fil/i
- thread
- splen/o
- spleen
- myco
- fungus
- Anterior/Ventral
- front of body
- diastole
- to expand; period in the cardiac cycle when blood enters the relaxed ventricles from the atria
- eczema
- to boil out; used interchangeably with dermatitis
- diaphysis
- shaft of a long bone
- pyro
- fire, heat
- patho
- disease
- plantar flexion
- bending of the sole of the foot by curling the toes toward the ground
- muscle
- tissue composed of fibers that can contract, causing movement of an organ or part of the body
- lamin/o
- lamina
- radiation therapy
- treatment of neoplastic disease by using ionizing radiation to deter proliferation of malignant cells
- bulla
- a blister larger than .5 cm (second-degree burn)
- four
- quadri-
- pediculosis capitis
- head lice
- osteosarcoma
- type of malignant bone tumor
- stomat/o
- mouth
- gnath/o
- jaw
- shave Bx
- a technique using a surgical blade to "shave" tissue from the epidermis and upper dermis
- myos/o
- muscle
- radio
- radiation
- first-degree burn
- a burn involving only the epidermis, characterized by erythema and hyperesthesia (excessive sensation)
- duoden/o
- duodenum
- coronary circulation
- circulation of blood through the coronary blood vessels to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle tissue
- hair
- outgrowth of the skin composed of keratin
- fascia
- a band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports, and separates muscle
- contact dermatitis
- an inflammation of the skin resulting from contact with a substance to which on is allergic
- aortic valve
- heart valve between the left ventricle and the aorta
- metro
- measure, uterus
- suppuration
- production of purulent matter (pus)
- inversion
- turning inward
- bar/o
- weight / pressure
- tel/eq
- distant, end
- ped/o
- foot
- ischi/o
- ischium
- systole
- to contract; period in the cardiac cycle when the heart is in contraction and blood is ejected through the aorta and pulmonary artery
- hypertrophy
- increase in the size of tissue such as muscle
- furuncle
- a boil; a painful nodule formed in the skin by inflammation originating in a hair follicle
- pustule
- a pus-filled sac (a pimple)
- vesicle
- little bladder; an elevated fluid-filled sac (blister) within or under the epidermis
- seven
- septi-
- dermatitis
- an inflammation of the skin characterized by redness, pruritus (itching) and various lesions
- nine
- noni-
- rotation
- circular movement around an axis
- bio-, bi/o
- life, living
- decubitus
- lying down, especially in bed
- one tenth
- deci-
- cheir/o
- hand/surgery
- cerebr/o
- cerebrum (brain)
- orchid/o
- testicle (testis)
- epi-
- above, over, upon
- arteriopathy
- disease of the arteries
- xenograft/heterograft
- a graft transfer from one animal species to another species
- ot/o
- ear
- nevus
- a congenital malformation on the skin that can be epidermal or vascular-also called a mole
- aur/i
- ear
- petro-
- stone
- -tomy
- surgical incision
- my/o
- muscle
- medi/o
- middle
- Purkinje fibers (network)
- fibers in the ventricles that transmit impulses to the right and left ventricles, causing them to contract
- pediculosis pubis
- lice that generally infect the pubic region
- tox, toxico
- poison
- equi-
- equally, equal
- subcutaneous tissue
- connective and adipose tissue layer just under the dermis
- mast/o
- breast
- appendicular skeleton
- bones of shoulder, pelvis, and upper and lower extremities
- pneumon/o
- lungs
- -algia
- pain
- crepitation/crepitus
- grating sound made by movement of some joints or broken bones
- dorsiflexion
- bending of the foot or the toes upward
- four
- tetra-
- endocardium
- membrane lining the cavities of the heart
- onc/o
- tumor, mass
- brachi/o
- arm
- sacr/o
- spine
- holo-
- entire, complete
- alopecia
- baldness
- Keflex
- oral antibiotic
- chondr/o
- cartilage
- macule
- a flat, discolored spot on the skin up to 1 cm across (a freckle)
- supine
- horizontal recumbent; lying flat on the back
- choledoch/o
- common bile duct
- psamm/o
- sand, sand-like material
- -verse
- turn
- kary/o
- nucleus
- pleura
- the thin serous membrane around the lungs and inner walls of the chest
- dors/o
- back
- tympan/o
- eardrum
- carp/o
- wrist
- pediculosis
- infestation with lice that causes itching and dermatitis
- verruca
- an epidermal tumor caused by papilloma virus-also called a wart
- ex-
- outside of, outward
- carpal tunnel syndrome
- condition which results from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel at the wrist
- chron/o
- time, tiing
- pruritus
- severe itching
- hepatitis
- inflammation of the liver caused by a virus or a toxin
- burs/o
- bursa
- rachi/o
- spine
- heart valves
- structures withing the heart that open and close with the heartbeat to regulate the one-way flow of blood
- spongy (cancellous) bone
- mesh-like bone tissue containing marrow and find branching canals through which blood vessels run
- goniometer
- instrument used to measure joint angles
- interventricular septum
- partition between right and left ventricle
- herpes zoster
- viral disease affecting the peripheral nerves characterized by painful blisters that spread over the skin (shingles)
- -type, typ/o
- class, representative form
- cicatrix of the skin
- a mark left by the healing of a sore or wound showing the replacement of destroyed tissue by fibrous tissue
- nom/o
- custom, law
- rash
- a general term for skin eruption, most often associated with communicable disease
- -logist
- specialist, one who studies
- metr/o
- womb
- laryngeal
- of or relating to or situated in the larynx
- albinism
- a hereditary condition characterized by a partial or total lack of melanin pigment
- duodenal
- in or relating to the duodenum
- rect/o
- rectum
- encephal/o
- brain
- kerat/o
- hard
- depolarization
- change of a myocardial cell from a polarized (resting) state to a state of contraction (de= not; polarization= resting)
- impetigo
- highly contagious, bacterial skin inflammation marked by pustules that rupture and become crusted around mouth and nose
- axial skeleton
- bones of skull, vertebral column, chest, and hyoid bone (at base of tongue)
- cry/o
- cold
- lumin/o
- light
- chemosurgery chemical peel
- a technique for restoring wrinkled, scarred, or blemished skin by application of an acid solution to "peel" away the top layers of the skin
- thorac/o
- chest
- osteomyelitis
- infection of bone and bone marrow causing inflammation
- mamm/o
- breast
- anesthetic
- a drug that temporarily blocks transmission of nerve conduction to produce a loss of sensations (ex. pain)
- path/o
- disease
- pelv/o
- hip bone or pelvic cavity
- pneum/o
- air/lungs
- nodule
- a solid mass greater than 1 cm, which extends deeper into the epidermis
- half
- demi-
- ultraviolet therapy
- use of ultraviolet light to promote healing of a skin lesion (ex. an ulcer)
- stomatitis
- inflammation of the mucous membrane lining of the mouth
- Superficial
- on the surface
- xeroderma
- dry skin
- smooth muscle
- involuntary muscle found in internal organs
- tal/o
- talus
- seven
- hepta-
- origin of a muscle
- muscle end attached to the bone that does not move when muscle contracts
- antibiotic
- a drug that kills or inhibits growth of microorganisms
- nucle/o
- nucleus
- biopsy
- removal of a small piece of tissue for microscopic pathological examination
- atrium
- upper right and left chambers of the heart
- cheil/o
- lip
- abdomin/o
- abdomen/abdominal wall
- prote/o
- protein
- hist/o
- tissue
- kyph/o
- hunchback
- -rrhexis
- rupture
- amphi-
- around, on both sides
- gynaec/o
- woman
- leuk/o
- white
- epicardium
- membrane forming the outer layer of the heart
- rigor or rigidity
- stiffness; stiff muscle
- dermabrasion
- surgical removal of frozen epidermis using wire brushes and emery papers to remove scars, tattoos and/or wrinkles
- gastrocele
- hernia of the stomach
- femur/o
- femur
- Betadine and saline
- agents used to clean the wound
- meso-
- middle
- hereniated disk or disc
- protrusion of a degenerated or fragmented intervertebral disk so that the nucleus pulposus protrudes
- hypsi-
- high
- gangrene
- an eating sore; death of tissue associated with a loss of blood supply resulting from trauma or infectious process as seen in frostbite
- sinoatrial node (SA node)
- the pacemaker; highly specialized neurological tissue, embedded in the wall of the right atrium, responsible for initiating electrical conduction of the heartbeat, causing the atria to contract and firing conduction of impulses to the AV node
- pod/o
- foot
- ili/o
- ilium (bone of pelvis)
- frozen section (FS)
- a surgical method involving cutting a thin piece of tissue from a frozen specimen for immediate pathological examination
- myring/o
- eardrum
- later/o
- side
- xanth/o
- yellow
- tricho/o
- hair
- vitiligo
- a condition caused by the destruction of melanin that results in the appearance of white patches on the skin, commonly the face, hands, legs and genital areas
- normotension
- normal blood pressure
- epidermis
- thin, cellular outer layer of the skin
- Supine
- lying face up
- bili
- bile
- pulmonary semilunar valve
- heart valve opening from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery (luna= moon)
- nucleus pulposus
- the soft, fibrocartilaginous, central portion of intervertebral disk
- alveolar
- pertaining to the tiny air sacs of the lungs
- disk (disc)
- a flat, plate-like structure composed of fibrocartilaginous tissue found between the vertebrae to reduce friction
- pancreat/o
- pancreas
- cardiomyopathy
- Any disease of heart muscle that diminishes cardiac function
- thorac/o
- thorax (chest)
- secondary lesions
- lesions that result in changes in primary lesions
- Deep
- away from the surface
- nas/o
- nose
- arthritis
- inflammation of the joints characterized by pain, swelling
- electrocautery
- use of an instrument heated by electric current to coagulate bleeding areas by burning the tissue
- irid/o
- iris (of eye)
- paronchyia
- inflammation of the nail fold
- prostat/o
- prostate gland
- therm/o
- heat
- arteriosclerosis
- thickening; loss of elasticity, and calcification (hardening ) or arterial walls
- steato
- fat
- carbuncle
- a skin infection consisting of clusters of furuncles
- lympho
- lymphatic
- dactyl/o
- digit (finger or toe)
- ab-
- away from
- excisional Bx
- removal of an entire lesion
- symptom
- (medicine) any sensation or change in bodily function that is experienced by a patient and is associated with a particular disease
- -tripsy
- to crush, break
- salping/o
- fallopian tube
- coronal (frontal) plane
- vertical division of the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) portions
- curettage
- to clean; scraping of a wound using a spoon-like cutting instrument called a curette; technique used in debridement
- cleid/o
- clavicle
- lev/o
- left
- kel/o
- tumor, fibrous growth
- radi/o
- radius
- gouty arthritis
- acute attacks of arthritis usually in a single joint, caused by hyperuricemia (an excessive level of uric acid in the blood)
- bronchiectasis
- abnormal dilation of the bronchi with accumulation of mucus
- vit/o
- life
- rubella
- reddish; German measles
- eversion
- turning outward ex. of a foot
- acne
- an inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin evidenced by comedones, pustules, or nodules on the skin
- bile
- a digestive juice secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder
- neur/o
- nerve
- abduction
- moving away from the body
- spastic
- uncontrolled contractions of skeletal muscles causing stiff and awkward movements
- cubit/o
- elbow, forearm
- one millionth
- micro-
- arterioles
- small vessels that receive blood from the arteries
- lamina
- part of vertebra
- malignant cutaneous neoplasm
- skin cancer
- faci/o
- face
- complex fracture
- a displaced fracture that requires manipulation or surgery to repair
- vertebr/o
- vertebra
- veins
- vessels that carry blood to the heart from the venules
- distal
- away from the beginning or origin of a structure
- Lateral
- pertaining to the side
- hidr/o
- sweat
- closed comedo
- below the skin surface with a white center (whitehead)
- lordosis
- abnormal anterior curvature of the lumbar spine
- stern/o
- sternum
- erythr/o
- red
- Inferior
- situated below
- urticaria
- hives; an eruption of wheals on the skin accompanied by itch
- rhabd/o
- rod shaped or striated (skeletal)
- lacrim/o
- tear
- -centesis
- surgical puncture of a cavity
- uter/o
- womb
- bronchiol/o
- bronchiole
- -plasm
- formation, growth
- three
- tri-
- -ician
- specialist
- rhabdomyoma
- skeletal muscle tumor
- seven
- sept-
- Bundle of His
- neurological fibers, extending from the AV node to the right and left bundle branches, that fire the impulse from the AV node to the Purkinje fibers
- bunion
- swelling of the joint at the base of the great toe caused by inflammation of the bursa
- myocardium
- heart muscle
- ecchymosis
- bruise; a black and blue mark-large purpura
- antr/o
- needle
- striated (skeletal) muscle
- voluntary striated muscle attached to the skeleton
- Kaposi sarcoma
- a malignant tumor of the walls of blood vessels appearing as painless, dark bluish-purple plaques on the skin
- phalang/o
- phalanges
- burn
- any injury to body tissue caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, radiation, or gases
- nos/o
- disease
- extension
- straightening at the joint so that the angle between the bones is increased
- per-
- through, throughout
- open fracture
- compound fracture; a broken bone with an open wound
- andr/o
- man
- patell/o
- petella
- cholecyst/o
- gallbladder
- keloid
- an abnormal overgrowth of a scar tissue that is thick and irregular
- spider angioma
- most commonly seen on the face, neck or chest
- tarso
- foot, eyelid
- gnos/o
- knowledge
- eso-
- within
- ichthyosis
- a skin condition caused by a gene defect that results in dry, thick, scaly skin
- rachialgia
- A painful affection of the spine; especially, Pott's disease
- fracture (Fx)
- a broken or cracked bone
- corpor/o
- body
- transverse plane
- horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions
- petechia
- spot; a reddish-brown, minute hemorrhagic spot on the skin that indicates a bleeding tendency-small purpura
- cata-
- down, downward
- eupepsia
- good digestion
- ten/o
- tendon (to stretch)
- anterior (A) ventral
- front of the body
- tetany
- tension; prolonged, continuous muscle contraction
- proct/o
- rectum/anus
- cirrhosis
- chronic disease of the liver associated with failure of the liver to function properly
- malignant melanoma
- a malignant tumor composed of melanocytes-most develop from a pigmented nevus over time
- vaso
- vessel
- rhinoplasty
- cosmetic surgery to improve the appearance of your nose
- spin/o
- spinal cord, spine
- Superior
- situated above
- osteoporosis
- condition of decreased bone density and increased porosity, causing bones to become brittle and liable to fracture
- histamine
- a regulating body substance released in excess during allergic reactions causing swelling and inflammation of tissues
- iatr/o
- treatment, physician
- angi/o
- vessel
- post-
- after, behind
- wheal
- an area of localized skin edema (swelling) (a hive)
- acute
- having or experiencing a rapid onset and short but severe course
- oo
- egg (ovum)
- atrophy
- shrinking of tissue such as muscle
- sesamoid bones
- round bones found near joints (ex. patella)
- cyt/o, -cyte
- cell
- dacryo
- tear
- visceral pericardium
- layer closest to the heart (visceral= pertaining to organ)
- chem/o
- chemical, chemistry
- extra-
- outside
- valves of the veins
- valves located at intervals within the lining of veins, especially in the legs, which constrict with muscle action to move the blood returning to the heart
- hyster/o
- womb
- hundred
- hecto-
- ulcer
- an open sore on the skin or mucous membrane that can bleed and scar and is sometimes accompanied by infection
- ureter/o
- ureter (urinary system)
- cyst/o
- bladder
- vas/o
- vessel
- psycho
- mind
- pan-
- all
- ten
- deca-
- compact bone
- tightly solid, strong bone tissue resistant to bending
- apo-
- away, seperation
- rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
- most crippling form of arthritis characterized by a chronic, systemic inflammation most often affecting joints and synovial membranes (esp. hands and feet) causing stiff joints
- greenstick fracture
- bending and incomplete break of a bone-most often seen in children
- hypoglycemia
- abnormally low blood sugar usually resulting from excessive insulin or a poor diet
- ligament
- a flexible band of fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone
- -physis
- growing, growth
- basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
- a malignant tumor of the basal layer
- Components of integumentary system
- Skin, Hair, Glands, Nails