M-jo urinary system exam 11-20-06
Terms
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- What is the functions of the kidney?
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1. removing waste from blood
2. maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance
3. secreting substances that affect blood pressure - In what type of person is kidney in its highest level?
- hypersthenic
- How the kidneys change from supine to erect position?
- drop an average of 2 inches
- what is the 5 rights of drug adminstration?
- drugs, time, route, patient, dose
-
Contrast media:
How does positive and negative affect density? -
Positve increases density (showup light)
Negatice decreases density - contraindications?
- elevated lab work, asthma
- Ionic?
- more chance of reaction, less costly
- Non-ionic?
- More costly, but less chance of reaction
- what is available during an IVU?
- radiologist and crash cart
- How long does the vast majority contrast reactions in IVU occur of injection?
- 5 minutes of injection
- Where is compression applied?
- over distal end of ureter
- TOmo?
- Reason for doing, how to determine what cuts to take
- What happen to the cut as the tomo angled?
- Wider the tomo angle, the thinner the cut
- Cystograms?
- Retrograde filling technique
- Cystourethrogram?
- CR directed to superior border of symphysis
- what is the essential projection for a cystourethrogram on a male?
- AP oblique
- HOw you free bladder neck of superimposition during a female cystourethrogram?
- Angle the CR 10 degree cephalad
- What is not part of the urinary system but located on the upper poles of the kidneys?
- Adrenals
- What is the normal BUN Level?
- 7 - 15
- What is the normal Creatine level?
- .7 - 1.5
- what is difference b/t retrograde, antegrade, infusion, and percutaneous procedures?
-
Retrograde---- Against Flow
Antegrade ---- Normal injection (along normal flow)
Infusion ----the introduction of a saline or other solution into a vein.
Percutaneous Procedures ----Performed through the skin, such as injection of radiopacque. - What are the AP oblique for IVU?
- LPO and RPO - Oblique patient 30 degree
- How does LPO shows RT. kidney to IR?
- Rt. Kidney Parallel to IR.
- Micturition
- urination
- Hydronephrosis
- distention of the renal pelvis and calyces with urine
- Ptosis
- The prolapse of an organ or part.
- Dialysis
-
A necessary form of treatment in the patient with end-stage renal disease.
(in kidney disease) the process by which uric acid and urea are removed from circulating blood by means of a dialyzer. - Horseshoe kidney
- Fusion of the kidneys, usually at the lower poles
- Uritcaria
- transient condition of the skin, usually caused by an allergic reaction, characterised by pale or reddened irregular, elevated patches and severe itching, hives.
- Anaphalactic
- severe reaction that can cause a respiratory or cardiac arrest
- extravasation
- A discharge or escape, as of blood, from a vessel into the tissues.