SCIENCE FINAL
Terms
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- river controversies
- disputes over rivers--who has the right to use the water and how much of that water
- algal bloom
- a large sprouting of algae
- nonpoint source pollution
- multiple source of a contaminate
- salt pruning (maritime forest)
- salt wind kills the ocean side of trees
- examples of river controversies
- south carolina v. north carolina over interbasin water transfer/Colorado river/international disputes
- rain gardens
- a BMP that reduces runoff and pollution by creating more pervious surface
- fecal coliform
- a pathogen found in human or animal waste
- Estuary
- brackish water (also called a sound) that must be on a submergent primary coast fed by a river and ocean and sometimes have a salt wedge
- dilute
- to make something have a lower concentration
- Snowy Egret
- a bird that lives in the salt marsh and contains big feet to walk without sinking, and tall legs
- brackish
- mixture of salt and fresh water
- toxic chemicals
- chemicals that are poisonous to living things including heavy metals, industrial chemicals, and some household chemicals
- quantitative data
- numbers
- recharge zone
- the area of land from which the groundwater originates
- impervious surface
- a surface that doesn't let water through
- Clean Water Act
- an act to insure cleaner water
- rip tides
- tides that take you out to sea
- isomap
- a map that connects points of equal measure
- sewer water
- waste water, treated and sludge extracted
- glacial melt
- sediment laden water from glaciers that formed the first barrier islands
- street map
- a map with roads and buildings
- distillation
- the process of heating salt water to get the fresh water vapor
- Replenishment/deposition
- Natural process of putting something somewhere
- pathogen
- disease causing organisms such as bacteria
- adaptation
- behavior of physical characteristics that allows an organism to survive in its environment (must be capable of passing to offspring through genetics)
- Water Conservation
- using water more efficently/minimize your usage
- groundwater
- water that seeps underground via the soil
- sea turtle
- an organism that always lays its eggs in the dunes and comes back to the same beach
- radioactive waste
- waste from power plants, nuclear plants, and/or defense facilities
- reverse osmosis
- the filtration of the salt water that traps the salt there by creating fresh water
- longshore current
- when the wave hits the shore parallel or at an angle and elongates islands
- Atlantic ribbed mussel
- an organism that uses byssal threads to anchor itself in the mud
- cape
- Strip of land projecting into a body of water
- dam
- a structure built across a river or stream that restricts the flow of water traveling downstream
- oysters
- evidence of island migration
- ghost crab
- live at high tide mark, nocturnal, burrows in the sand to get water to breath (has gills), and is a scavener
- hydrogen bond
- a weak bond between a positively charged hydrogen and a negatively charged oxygen atom
- Erosion
- wearing away of the land by the action of water, ice, or wind
- dissolved oxygen
- what algae creates when it dies
- biological magnification
- toxins that travel up the food chain increasing as you get to the higher tiers
- cohesion
- two or more molecules of the same substance bonding together
- pollution
- a substance that harms an organism
- point pollution
- pollution that comes from one source
- wind
- moves sand and forms dunes
- eutrophication
- the loss of dissolved oxygen on water
- contamination
- something that is not supposed to be there
- coquina
- a small colorful shells that have a foot to move through the sand in the tidal zone
- salinity
- measure of salt in water
- characteristics of secondary coasts
- wave erosion, water chemistry, coral building, organisms, erosional or depositional, eroded coast
- desalinization
- the process of removing salt form salt water to make fresh water
- water pollution
- substances that cause harm to an organism in water
- threshold levels
- the level at which something is dangerous or noticeable
- ocean beach, primary dune, secondary dune, maritime forest, salt marsh, estuary/sound
- order of life zones
- adhesion
- two or more molecules substance bonding to another substance
- Emergent coastline
- a type of primary coast that is there because land has been lifted
- BMP
- best management practices
- storm water
- runoff, water that goes directly into the stream
- contour interval
- space between isolines on a topographical map
- sediment
- sand, soil or organic matter
- groundwater
- underground supply of fresh water
- runoff
- storm water that goes directly and untreated into lakes or rivers nearby
- impermeable
- materials that liquid cannot flow through
- mississippi
- largest north american delta
- characteristics of emergent coastlines
- typically rocky
- Elongate
- to stretch out
- Barrier Islands
- secondary coast of mainland, typically found at the mouth of a river
- Inlet
- Break in a barrier island connecting ocean and lagoon
- mole crab
- lives in the tidal zones and contains paddle like legs for digging and swimming
- clay
- aquitard
- inorganic chemicals
- acids, salts, metals
- water cycle
- the continuos process in which water changes its physical form and makes water a renewable resource
- primary dune
- the first dune after the ocean that contain grasses slow or stop sand from eroding
- pervious surface
- a surface that lets water through
- rain barrels
- a BMP that reduces runoff and pollution by catching the water under the gutter
- watershed
- the entire area of land that is drained by a river--where the river gets the water that recharges it from
- Delta
- Triangular deposits of sediment at the mouth of a river
- flow
- low to high tide
- qualitative data
- words descriptions
- tectonic forces
- cause emergent coastlines
- cape
- hatteras (ex of blank)
- topographical map
- shows you where the elevation changes and the shape of the land
- geological cross section
- maps that show you what is below the surface
- tides
- caused by moons gravitational pull
- salt wedge
- where the fresh water sits on top of a growing pile of salt that is larger near the barrier island
- aquifers
- large amounts of groundwater that are found in underground rock formations
- primary coast
- a coast formed by processes occurring in land
- permeable
- materials that liquid can flow through
- salt marsh
- next to the sound, contains calm brackish water, is a nursery for many sea animals, feeding ground that contains spartina
- secondary dune
- the dune farther from the ocean that contains small trees and shrubs
- Island Migration
- Movement of barrier islands due to the deposition and erosion
- maritime forest
- oldest and most stable of the barrier island ecosystem/shelter and nesting for terrestrial animals/ contains fresh water
- surface water
- fresh water that is above ground in lakes, ponds, rivers, and streams
- organic matter
- biodegradable remains of plants and animals, including feces
- tidal zone
- zone between high tide and low tide
- ocean overwash
- when a salty body of water deposits sediment to sound side of the island
- sludge
- bi-product of waste water that can be used in agriculture
- concentration
- amount of a solid dissolved in water
- White Ibis
- a bird that lives in the salt marsh and contains a long curved bill and legs
- reservoir
- an artificial lake where the water that is prevented from gong downstream (by a dam) collects
- current
- partially caused by ocean convection
- surface tension
- when hydrogen bonding causes cohesion between water molecules and then causes the surface of a substance to bond
- aquifer
- an underground storage of water in a permeable material
- artificial eutrophication
- where fertilizer runoff causes algae growth that dissolves the oxygen when it dies and kills fish
- oceans
- salt water that cover 71% of all surface on earth and contain many orgainisms
- isolines
- lines of a isomap
- plume spread rate
- r=d/t
- organic chemicals
- pesticides, fertilizers, plastics, detergents, gasoline, oil and petroleum based products
- Beach
- where ocean meets land, constant erosion and change
- plume
- the part of an aquifer that becomes contaminated
- Secondary Coast
- a coast formed by processes occurring at sea
- characteristics of primary coast
- rough, irregular, land erosion, volcanoes, deposition of sediment, estuaries, earthquake,deltas, sea level change
- germination
- sprouting of a seed
- sand
- aquifer (medium spaces)
- aquitard
- impermeable materials in the earth
- marsh peat
- organic matter form salt marsh and evidence of island migration
- HHW
- household hazardous waste
- water table
- the upper boundary of saturated ground that changes
- physical agents
- heat and suspended solids such as soil
- point source pollution
- the single source of a contaminate
- estuary/sound/lagoon
- body of water located between a barrier island and mainland
- example of water conservation
- flush your toilet less/do laundry less/turn off the water when you are brushing your teeth
- detritus
- dead rotting organic matter
- spartina
- cord grass in the salt marsh
- nonpoint pollution
- pollution that comes from lots of sources
- green tree frog
- an organism that lives in the maritime forest and uses the fresh water there to reproduce, has long feet and pads on them, also is camouflage
- thermal pollution
- where the water changes temperature suddenly and the fish cannot adapt
- gravel
- aquifer (large spaces)
- ppb
- parts per billion
- contour lines
- the isolines on a topographical map
- ebb
- high to low tide
- submergent coastlines
- a type of primary coast that is there because land has been drowned by the sea
- plankton
- organisms that live in the ocean and can make the oceans look "dirty"
- elevation
- the distance above sea level
- ppm
- parts per million
- well
- a pipe that goes dow past the water table
- brackish
- a mix of salt and fresh water
- isoconcentration map
- a map that shows the contamination of a plume
- sea oats
- a type of grass in the primary dune that stops sand from eroding
- capillary action
- the property of some substances to adhere to tubes and move upward defying gravity
- turbidity
- the murkiness of the water