Orchestra 2
Terms
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- pianissimo (pp)
- very soft
- piano
- soft
- mezzo piano
- medium soft
- mezzo forte
- medium loud
- forte
- loud
- fortissimo
- very loud
- crescendo
- gradual increase in volume (<)
- decrescendo
- gradually decrease in volume (>)
- sforzando (sfz)
- sudden sharp accent
- grave
- very slow, solemn
- largo
- very slow, broad
- adagio
- moderately slow
- andante
- moderate, walking tempo
- moderato
- between andante and allegro
- allegro
- fast
- presto
- very fast
- a tempo
- return to regular tempo after a ritard
- accelerando
- becoming faster
- ritardando
- slowing down
- rallentando
- slowing down
- rubato
- irregular tempo
- arco
- with the bow
- detache
- single bowing of each note
- jete ricochet
- throwing the upper part of the bow on the string so it will bounce a series of rapid notes on the down bow
- martele
- hammer stroke with forceful, sudden release
- pizzicato
- plucked
- spiccato
- bouncing bow
- staccato
- short
- tremolo
- extremley rapid strokes
- concerto and an example
-
a piece for soloist or soloists and orchestra
(Example: Beethoven Violin Concerto) - overture and an example
-
an orchestral introduction to an opera, musical or play or an independent concert piece of similar style
(Example: overture to a celebration by William Eckfeld) - Symphony and an example
-
a large work for orchestras, usually in several movements and most often in four
(Example: symphone number five in C minor by Beethoven) - coda
- closing section of a composition
- da capo
- (D.C.) from the beginning
- dal segno
- from the sign
- fine
- end
- glissando
- slide from one pitch to the next
- tacet
- don't play
- tutti
- everyone plays