science lesson 7 objective 1.2.3.
Terms
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- where are most foci located in the earth's interior
- mantle and crust
- type of strain that causes a thrust or reverse fault
- compression
- when a transverse waves passes from a solid to a liquid it
- stops
- what is a medium
- substance a wave passes through
- what does a richter scale measure
- energy in terms of magnitude of a quake
- what kind of fault is formed at a transform boundary
- strike-slip fault
- what kind of fault is formed at a divergent boundary
- normal fault
- what does a mercalli scale measure
- intensity and damage
- durring an earthquake elastic potential energy converts to what type of energy of the vibrating ground
- kinetic
- epicenter
- spot on the surface directly above the focus
- define elastic rebound theory
- the idea that earthquakes happen when to much stress is built up along a fault line or in a rock
- how does a seismograph record motion
- the pen remain motionless because of its inertia while the ground vibrates the drum, the pen traces the vibration on the drum
- which seismic wave is slower
- s-wave
- type of strain that causes a strike-slip or lateral fault
- horizontal tension or horizontal compression
- how are s-waves recorded
- seismograph
- liquefaction
- softening of saturated ground during the quake
- what are to two scale used to measure and earthquake
- richter scale and mercalli
- where do most earthquakes occur
- fault line
- what two measurements describe the geographic position of an earthquake
- latitude, longitude, and depth
- long wave
- a surface wave thst causes side to side motion
- small quakes after original earthquake
- aftershock
- primary wave (p-wave)
- longitudinal wave that can travel through liquids and solids that causes compression and tension
- what events may cause major damage durring a quake
- landslides, tsunami, and liquefaction
- which seismic wave is faster
- p-wave
- do seismic waves travel at a constant speed
- no
- how are aftershocks produced
- stress is released on one section of a fault resulting with other sections moveing
- what is a longitudinal wave
- particles in the medium which move back and forth in the same direction as the wave
- seismograph
- instrument used to detect and record seismic waves
- tsunami
- seismic sea wave
- when a longitudinal wave passes from a solid to a liquid what happens to the speed
- decrease
- secondary wave (s-wave)
- transverse wave that produces a side to side motion and cannot travel through liquid
- transverse wave
- particles move perpendicular to the passing wave
- seismic wave
- vibrations created by an earthquake
- what kind of fault is formed at a convergent boundary
- thrust fault
- fault scarp
- ledge produced by surface rupture of a fault
- rayleigh wave
- a surface wave that causes ripple effect
- where do seismic waves move fastest
- near the focus
- what happens when to much stress is built up along a fault
- the stress is released creating an earthquake
- focus (hyphocenter)
- underground point of quakes orgin
- how far is the center of the earth from the surface
- 6,000 kilometers
- how far is the mantle from the earth's surface
- 1,000-3,000 kilometers
- type of strain that causes a normal fault
- tension
- focal depth
- depth measured from the earth's surface of the focus
- what waves are last to arrive at a seismic station
- surface waves
- how can moving plates cause earthquakes
- moving plates cause stress triggering a quake
- What processes can produce earthquakes
- movment of plates, shifting magma, rebound of land, impact of cosmic debris