Test 4
Terms
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- Aponeurosis
- a sheet of fibrous tissue binding muscles together or muscle to bone
- Epiglottis
- thin cartilage at base of tongue and above the larynx that flaps over the larynx during swallowing
- Telemetry
- automatic measurement of data and transmission over distances by wire, radio, or other means
- Talotibial
- pertaining to the ankle and large lower leg bone
- Thoracotomy
- surgical incision into the pleural cavity
- Pronate
- to turn the palmar surface down or back
- Pertussis
- whooping cough (bacterial disease)
- Sclera
- dense white outer covering of most of the eye
- Palmar
- relating to the palm of the hand
- Lateral
- situated at or on the side
- Stereoscopic
- pertaining to 3-dimensional vision
- Median
- a midline that divides the body into equal right and left halves
- Phrenospasm
- hiccups
- Lumbar
- pertaining to the loins
- Acapnia
- a deficiency of carbon dioxide in the blood and tissues
- Relapse
- to regress after a partial recovery
- CRD, CRF
- Chronic Renal (Disease or Failure)
- Antemortem
- before death
- Extravasation
- forcing blood or lymph out of vessels and into the surrounding tissue
- Pygostyle
- spinal tail of birds
- Chiropractor
- person who attempts to heal by manipulation of the spine and other body parts
- Plantar
- relating to the sole of the foot
- Paresthesia
- a skin sensation without any apparent cause
- BUN
- Blood Urea Nitrogen
- Coxofemoral
- pertaining to the hip and the thigh bone
- Uranoschisis
- cleft palate
- Trismus
- spasm of the chewing muscles
- Articulate
- united by joints
- Proximal
- nearer to a reference point
- Ossification
- forming bone
- Dissect
- to cut apart for the study of anatomy
- Auricle
- ear or ear-like appendage
- Podiatrist
- specialist in foot problems
- Popliteal
- hollow back part of knee area
- Postpartum
- after birth
- Arthritis
- inflammation of a joint
- Dexterity
- grace in physical movement
- Callus
- hard thickening of skin or bone
- Esophagus
- food tube from pharynx to stomach
- Craniotomy
- incision into the skull
- Talus
- highest of the ankle bones
- Sarcoma
- malignant tumor of flesh tissue (not from lining cells of the body, those are carcinomas)
- Alimentary
- concerned with nutrition
- Ventilate
- to replace air in an enclosed space
- GFR
- Glomerular Filtration Rate
- Levorotation
- counterclockwise rotation
- Ileum
- last part of small intestines before the colon
- Macula lutea
- a yellow spot on the retina that mediates the clearest, most detailed vision
- Crus
- leg from knee to ankle
- Premaxillary
- in front of the maxillary bones
- Rachiotome
- instrument for cutting the spine
- Anoxia
- no oxygen
- Emollient
- a soothing (feels soft) agent
- Ambulance
- vehicle to transport patients that cannot walk
- Juxtaposition
- located or placed side-by-side
- Archencephalon
- primitive front and middle part of brain
- Telangiectasis
- chronic dilation of a group of capillaries causing small dark red blotches on the skin
- Locomotor
- relating to movement from one place to another
- Somatotropin
- growth hormone
- Cleidocranial
- pertaining to clavicle and head
- Antibiotic
- against microbes
- Sinistromanual
- left-handed
- Ureterolith
- a calculus (stone) in the ureter
- Palpebral
- pertaining to eyelids
- Subcutaneous
- under the skin
- Macula densa
- a spot of dense cells near the glomerulus that secretes the hormone renin
- Glottis
- opening of upper larynx
- Ilium
- upper part of hip bone
- Rales
- fine crackles sounds in the lungs
- Baroreceptor
- monitor tissue for blood pressure
- Frontotemporal
- pertaining to forehead and temples of the skull
- Crystalluria
- crystals in the urine
- Rhinitis
- inflammation of the nose
- Cerebrospinal
- pertaining to the brain and spinal cord
- Anterior
- placed in front of
- Gingival
- pertaining to the gums
- Ceruminolytic
- agent that dissolves earwax
- Spectrometer
- instrument that measures index of light reflection
- Nasolacrimal
- pertaining to the tear duct and nose
- Eccentric
- deviating from a circle
- Sternum
- breastbone
- Capitulum
- small head or rounded articular process of bone
- Cerumen
- earwax
- Occlude
- to obstruct
- Polydactyly
- excessive number of fingers or toes
- Axilla
- armpit area
- Apnea
- no breathing
- Scatoscopy
- examing the feces for diagnostic evidence
- Posterior
- relating to the caudal end of quadrapeds and the dorsal area of primates
- Pepsin
- enzyme for digestive process
- Cardiovascular
- pertaining to heart and blood vessels
- Masseter
- chewing muscle of the jaw
- Abdomen
- cavity between thoracic and pelvic cavities
- Labial
- pertaining to lips
- Rostral
- referring to the nasal region
- Posterolateral
- caudal (or dorsal) and away from the midline
- Visceroparietal
- pertaining to soft internal organs and the abdominal wall
- Levothyroxine
- left directed isomer of thyroid hormone (active form)
- Bicuspid
- having two points (e.g. bicuspid teeth, biscuspid valves)
- Rhinoplasty
- reconstructive surgery of the nose
- Extracorporeal
- located or occurring outside the body
- Treponema
- a genus of spiral bacteria (one causes syphilis)
- Respiration
- act of breathing
- Synapse
- junction in which a nerve impulse passes to another nerve, muscle, or gland
- Purgative
- causing the bowels to empty
- Lumbosacral
- pertaining to the lumbar and sacral vertebrae
- Leptospirosis
- slender spiral bacteria that causes inflammation of the kidney
- Hepatoma
- benign tumor of the liver
- Uvula
- little grape-like flesh that hangs from the soft palate in humans
- Ptyalin
- an enzyme in saliva
- Epidermis
- outermost part of skin
- Antebrachium
- forearm (from elbow to wrist)
- Inferolateral
- lower and away from middle
- Flexion
- the act of bending a joint or limb
- Dentoalveolar
- pertaining to the teeth and their sockets
- Cervicofacial
- pertaining to neck and face
- Myelin
- a white fatty material that covers nerves with fast conduction of impulses
- Aspiration
- breathing in of a foreign substance
- Femur
- thigh bone
- Supinate
- to turn the palmar surface up or forward
- Psychosomatic
- mental or emotional problems that act as a physical problem
- Intercellular
- between cells
- Auricular
- pertaining to the ear
- Craniotomy
- surgical incision into the skull
- Rotator
- a muscle that aids in rotating a part of the body
- Infraorbital
- located beneath the orbit of the eye
- Pleuritis
- inflammation of the chest lining
- Pachymeningitis
- inflammation of the dura mater of the meninges
- Angiogram
- a radiograph after administering an contrast media in the vessel
- Pleural
- relating to the inner lining of the chest and outer lining of lungs
- Ischium
- lower part of hip bone
- Tarsalgia
- pain in the ankle
- Locus
- a place, a location
- Meloplasty
- reconstructive surgery of the cheek
- Molar
- tooth than grinds like a millstone
- Enteritis
- inflammation of the intestines
- Superior
- in a higher location
- Acromegaly
- large extremities
- Stertorous
- snoring or similar to snoring
- Genioplasty
- reconstructive surgery on the chin
- Duodenum
- upper small intestine about 12 finger widths long
- Nephropathy
- disease of the kidney
- Pylorus
- gate from stomach to duodenum
- Sensorium
- sensory portion of the body
- AED
- Automated External Defibrillator
- Adipsia
- not drinking
- Medial
- relating to the middle
- Atrophy
- wasting away, as if from no nutrition
- Diuresis
- excessive discharge of urine
- Plantigrade
- walking on the sole of the foot
- Distal
- away from reference point
- Phalanx
- finger or toe bones
- Peracute
- very rapid and violent
- Hematochezia
- (red) blood in the feces
- Lienopathy
- disease of the spleen
- Stethoscope
- instrument for listening to heart sounds
- Notochord
- rod-like structure that forms the spinal column
- Tibia
- inner, larger bone below knee
- Telecardiogram
- an electrocardiogram obtained at a distance from the patient
- Dehydrate
- to deplete of body water
- Ventrodorsal
- extending from the abdominal surface to the dorsal surface
- Leptomeningitis
- inflammation of the pia mater or arachnoid membrane of the meninges surrounding the brain or spinal cord
- Mesentery
- folds of peritoneum that connect organs to the dorsal, inner abdominal wall
- Tibiotarsal
- junction between large shin bone and ankle
- Petrosal
- referring to the petroustemporal bone
- Costochrondral
- pertaining to a rib and its cartilage
- Sagittal
- a plane parallel to the median plane
- Ulna
- bone of forearm from elbow to little finger side of wrist
- Osteoarthritis
- inflammation of the bones of a joint
- Scirrhous
- firm and fibrous
- Irradiation
- the use of ionizing radiation
- Cecal
- relating to saclike cavity with one opening; blind ended pouch
- Tonometer
- instrument for measuring eye tension (pressure)
- Pharyngitis
- sore throat
- Blepharoptosis
- droopy upper eyelid
- Pyuria
- pus in the urine
- Barium
- heavy metal used for constrast studies with radiography (x-rays)
- Craniospinal
- pertaining to the skull and bones of the spine
- Laryngoplegia
- paralysis of the voice box
- Infraspinatus
- muscle beneath the spine of the scapula (shoulder blade)
- Inguinal
- referring to the groin
- Caudectomy
- surgical removal of the tail
- Topology
- anatomic structure of a specific area or part of the body
- Lateroabdominal
- on the side of the abdomen
- Apocrine
- a (pinched off) portion of a cell is released with a secretory product
- Omphalitis
- inflammation of the umbilicus (navel)
- Superciliary
- above the eyelashes...eyebrow
- Ureter
- urine tube from the kidney to the bladder
- Kinesiology
- study of the body's movement
- Transverse
- lying across
- Coxalgia
- pain in the hip
- Cheirology
- signing for the deaf
- Neurohypophysis
- posterior part of pituitary that consists of nerve cells from the base of the brain
- Spirogram
- graph of respiratory movements
- Hypertrophy
- excessive growth requiring excess nutrients
- Asphyxia
- (literally "lack of pulse"), contemporary meaning is "suffocation"
- Artery
- blood vessel that carries air (oxygenated blood)
- Intravenous
- inside a vein
- Fibula
- smaller outer bone of leg below kneecap
- Dextrose
- structural form of glucose that rotates to the right
- Regurgitation
- act of flowing backward
- Bathypnea
- deep breathing
- Postprandial
- following a meal
- Antisepsis
- against infection
- Cortex
- outer layer of an organ
- Hypoglossal
- under the tongue (12thcranial nerve)
- Actinic
- relating to the chemical changes caused by radiant energy (sunlight)
- Eburnation
- to make hard and dense like ivory
- Prognosis
- a prediction of the probable course or outcome of disease
- Syndesmorrhaphy
- suturing of a ligament
- Hemostasis
- the stoppage of bleeding
- Ventral
- relating to the abdominal area
- Empyema
- pus in a body cavity, especially the chest
- Peritoneum
- lining of the abdomen and abdominal organs
- Neural
- pertaining to nerves
- Sternomastoid
- a structure that runs from the sternum to the base of the skull
- Anuresis
- urine retention
- Perineum
- area between the anus and genitals
- Renal
- pertaining to the kidney
- Borborygmus
- Digestive Rumbling
- Intracerebral
- within the cerebrum (large globe of brain)
- Emetic
- causing vomiting
- Ectoparasite
- a parasite that lives on the outside of the body
- Reflex
- an automatic response or reaction
- Pachyderm
- "thick skin"
- Centrifugal
- fleeing the center
- Indurated
- made hard
- Pectoral
- pertaining to the breast
- Halitosis
- offensive odorous breath
- Peribronchial
- surrounding a bronchus (lower airway in lungs)
- Scelalgia
- pain in the lower part of the leg
- Laryngoscope
- instrument to view the voice box
- Arrhythmia
- lack of heart rhythm
- Arthrocentesis
- puncture and aspiration of joint fluid
- Tricuspid
- having three points
- Adduction
- drawing toward the midline
- Decubital
- relating to a bedsore
- Anaerobic
- grows without air
- Petrous
- pertaining to the hard part of the temporal bone
- Anteroventral
- lower aspect of front
- Bradycardia
- slow heart beat
- Brachiocephalic
- pertaining to arm and head
- Pinealoma
- tumor of a pine cone-shaped gland of the brain
- Expectorate
- to spit
- Calcaneus
- heel bone
- Splenomegaly
- enlarged spleen
- Neuroglia
- cells that support and insulate nerve cells
- Spondylopathy
- disease of the spine
- Ataxia
- loss of the ability to coordinate muscular movement
- Abducent
- drawing away from the midline; also the VI cranial nerve
- Esophoria
- tendency for eyes to deviate inwardly
- Tarsus
- ankle, bones in angle between tibia and metatarsals of foot
- Celiotomy
- incision into the abdomen
- Asthma
- constriction and obstruction of airways
- Pylorospasm
- involuntary contraction of the end of the stomach
- Saphenous vein
- obvious vein above the heel or hock
- Proctoscopy
- examination of the anus and rectum with a scope
- Decompose
- to break down into various compartments
- Collodion
- nitrocellulose solution in ether or alcohol (drug solvent or wound sealant)
- Antecubital
- pertaining to in front of (distal to) the elbow
- Fundus
- portion of a hollow organ that is furthest from its opening (e.g. fundus of eye, fundus of the stomach)
- Venostasis
- stopping the flow of unoxygenated blood
- Spongiosis
- edema of the spongy layer of the skin
- Tracheobronchitis
- inflammation of the windpipe and its branches
- Pernasal
- performed through the nose
- Osteomalacia
- softening of bone
- Thelorrhagia
- bloody discharge from nipple
- Dura mater
- tough, fibrous outer coat of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord
- Bronchodilator
- something that opens the small airways
- Lingual
- referring to the tongue
- Gluten
- tough, viscous material left after wheat is washed to remove starch
- Cardiopulmonary
- pertaining to the heart and lungs
- Postoperative
- after surgery
- Apicotomy
- incision into a pointed structure
- Spasmolytic
- stopping an involuntary contraction
- Pellagra
- rough skin from niacin (B vitamin) deficiency
- Colloid
- jelly-like mixture of particles in a liquid medium
- Colon
- lower intestine
- Ectopic
- an abnormal location for an organ or body part
- Scapula
- shovel-shaped bone (shoulder blade)
- Caput
- head of a structure
- Encephalitis
- inflammation inside skull
- Hepatotoxic
- poisonous to the liver
- Cervix
- neck-like entrance to the uterus
- Myelogram
- radiograph of spinal cord after administering surrounding constrastmedia
- Venipuncture
- sticking a needle in a vein
- Epidural
- on or over the dura mater of the spinal cord
- Carpus
- wrist
- Onychophagia
- nail chewing
- Rhabdomyolysis
- breaking up of skeletal muscle
- Antebrachium
- forearm to wrist (carpus)
- Rotary
- something that moves around an axis
- Brachygnathia
- short jawed
- Sacrum
- triangular bone below lumbar vertebrae
- Sinister
- on the left side (also means treatening evil)
- Opisthotonus
- a spasm of the body with the head and heels bent backward
- Cerebellospinal
- from the cerebellum (small globe on back of brain) to the spinal cord
- Tendotome
- an instrument used to cut a tendon
- Superjacent
- lying immediately above
- Cerebrum
- main portion (large globe) of the brain
- Glioma
- brain tumor composed of neuroglia cells
- Osteoporosis
- demineralization of bone
- Nocturnal enuresis
- bed wetting
- Callous
- to become hardened
- Hypsodont
- teeth with high crowns and short roots
- Chondrosarcoma
- malignant tumor of cartilage
- Myelogenous
- produced in the bone marrow
- Polydipsia
- excessive drinking
- Thymoma
- tumor of the thymus gland
- Manipulate
- to handle
- Vesicorenal
- pertaining to the kidney and urinary bladder
- Latissimus dorsi
- broadest muscle of back
- Longissimus muscles
- long muscles along spine
- Tachycardia
- rapid heart beat
- Retrograde
- reverting to an earlier or inferior condition
- External
- outside
- Hematuria
- blood in the urine
- Agglutinate
- to glue together
- Versicolor
- having a variety of colors or changing in color
- Abduction
- (also) drawing away from the midline
- Caudal
- Of, at, or near the tail
- Nidus
- a point of origination or accumulation
- Bronchi
- airway branches off the trachea
- Opsonin
- enticing to phagocytosis
- Atherosclerosis
- yellow plaques in arteries
- Actinodermatitis
- skin inflammation caused by exposure to sunlight
- Adrenal
- next to the kidney
- Odontectomy
- tooth extraction
- Cranial
- relating to the skull
- Deflection
- deviation from expectation
- Oleoresin
- an oily plant sap that may cause contact allergy (capsaicin is an oleoresin from peppers used as a liniment)
- Endometrium
- glandular mucous membrane that lines the inside of the uterus
- Tentorium
- a membranous covering or partition
- Circumcision
- circular incision to remove the prepuce (penile sheath)
- Pneumonia
- inflammation of the lungs with congestion
- Subarachnoid
- beneath the arachnoid membrane (web part) of the meninges of the spinal cord
- Capnophilic
- bacteria that grow best in carbon dioxide
- Cheilitis
- chapped or inflammed lips
- Infarct
- necrosis of tissue from obstructed arterial supply
- Inspissated
- to become thicker as if with dehydration
- Hypostatic
- the settling of blood in a lower aspect of an organ due to poor blood flow
- Anterolateral
- in front of and away from midline
- Hyalosis
- a degenerative change in the vitreous humor
- Viscosity
- measuring the resistance to flow
- Intercostal
- between the ribs
- Caudad
- toward the tail
- Laparotomy
- surgical incision through the flank
- Dyspeptic
- discomfort following a meal
- Percutaneous
- passed through the skin
- BPH
- Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
- Onychectomy
- declaw
- Pancreatectomy
- surgical removal of the pancreas
- Prosopoplegia
- facial paralysis
- Jejunum
- Middle segment of small intestines
- Mediolateral
- from the middle toward the side
- Facioplasty
- plastic surgery on the face
- Sacroiliac
- junction of the end of the spine and the hip bone
- Genucubital
- pertaining to the knees and elbows
- Urethra
- urine tube from the bladder to the outside
- Mandible
- lower jawbone
- Intracellular
- within a cell
- Maxilla
- upper jawbone
- Dyspnea
- difficulty in breathing
- Parathyroid
- by the thyroid(glands that control calcium balance)
- Omalgia
- shoulder pain
- Juxtaglomerulus
- near the glomerulus (kidney filter)
- Postprandial
- after eating
- Astigmatism
- unequal curvature of the cornea that prevents clear focus on one point on retina
- Cathode
- negatively charged electrode
- Glossopharyngeal
- pertaining to the tongue and throat (9th cranial nerve)
- Pollakiuria
- abnormally frequent urination
- Splanchnic
- pertaining to the viscera (soft internal organs)
- Dyschezia
- difficulty in defecation
- Anorexia
- lack of appetite
- Trachelorrhapy
- suture of torn or lacerated cervix
- Periosteum
- a dense fibrous covering of bone, except at the joints
- Anatomy
- dissecting the body to study shape and structure (dissection for a positive reason)
- Oropharynx
- mouth and throat
- Melosalgia
- pain in the lower limbs
- Aerophagia
- swallowing air
- Circumferential
- a line around a closed circle
- Epidemiology
- study of the cause, distribution, and control of diseases in groups of people (Note: if groups of animals - epizootiologyis the proper term)
- Crepitation
- crackling sounds
- Dorsal
- of or near the back
- Laparoscopy
- examination of the interior of the abdomen with a scope (usually fiberoptic)
- Thoracolumbar
- pertaining to the junction of the chest and loin
- Peroneal
- pertaining to the fibula
- Proctologist
- medical specialist in the anus and rectum
- Medulla
- the inner core of an organ
- Villi
- surface protrusions that are like tufts of hair
- Pharyngeal
- pertaining to the throat
- Corpuscle
- "little body"...a blood cell or globular structure such as nerve pressure receptors
- Femoral condyle
- rounded projections on end of the thigh bone
- Phrenic
- pertaining to the diaphragm
- Phototaxis
- movement of a cell or organism toward or away from a lightstimulus
- Acral
- referring to extremities (hands, feet)
- Exocytosis
- intracellular vesicles are secreted by fusion with the outer cell membrane
- Arterial
- pertaining to carrying of oxygenated blood
- Buccal
- pertaining to or directed toward the cheek
- Canthus
- corner of the eyelid (medial or lateral canthus)
- Inferolateral
- lower and to the side
- Ambulate
- to walk
- Prosodemic
- disease that is transmitted from person to person
- Mesojejunum
- mesentery of the jejunum portion of the small intestines
- Pulse
- palpable expansion and contraction of an artery
- Exophthalmos
- an abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
- Emesis
- act of vomiting
- Transection
- to divide or cut transversely
- Podalgia
- pain in the foot
- Cholesterol
- a solid alcohol first discovered in gallstones
- Viscous
- sticky, thick, and resistant to flow
- Disinfection
- treatment to destroy harmful organisms
- Corpse
- a dead body
- Chemotaxis
- movement of a cell or organism toward or away from a chemical stimulus
- Basisphenoid
- relating to the body of the sphenoid bone
- Angiogenesis
- growing new blood vessels
- IVP
- Intravenous Pyelography
- Rhonchus
- a continuous snoring sound in throat, trachea, or bronchi
- Blepharospasm
- twitch in eyelid
- Sternocostal
- pertaining to the breastbone and ribs
- Antitussive
- cough suppressant
- Pyloromyotomy
- cutting the muscle at the end of the stomach
- Hypoxia
- decreased oxygen
- Basioccipital
- bone in the base of the skull in front of foramen magnum