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Earth Science

Terms

undefined, object
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terristrial planets
solid, rocklike, and dense planets; the inner planets - Mercury, Venus, Earth & Mars
space probes
rocket-launched space vehicles loaded with instruments and cameras to gather data
asteriods
thousands of minor planets in space
Ring of Fire
zone that circles the Pacific Ocean where many volcanic eruptions occur
convergent boundry
where two continental plates meet and converge or collide
comet
a mass of frozen gases, dust, and rocky particles that orbits the sun
divergent boundry
where two continental plates move away from one another
plates
large moving pieces of Earth's crust and mantle
continental drift
the theory that Earth's continents have moved over time
hot spots
areas where volcanoes form because of powerful pressures that push magma up through the crust
mantle
the middle zone of the earth
metallic core
the most interior zone of the earth
transform boundry
where two plates slide past one another, or in the same direction, but at different speeds
Richter scale
a scale for describing the measurement of the seismic waves of an earthquake
solar system
the planets that move around a star
theory
an organized set of observations, ideas, experimental evidence, and thought that is designed to predict or explain an event or phenomenon
orbit
a planet's path through space and around the sun
crust
the surface of the earth
meteors
smal chunks of orbiting matter that have reached Earth's atmoshpere
lava
magma that rises to Earth's surface
epicenter
the area on Earth's surface above the center of an earthquake
lithosphere
the layer of Earth made up of the crust and the upper mantle and is divided into seven large and several smaller pieces of rock
plate tectonics theory
the idea that Earth's lithosphere is broken into several large pieces of land that move around on Earth's convecting asthenosphere
eclipse
when an object passes into the shadow of another object
subduction
when one continental plate slips under the plate with which it is colliding
diurnal tides
where there is only one high tide and one low tide each day
magma
molten rock inside Earth
fault
place in Earth's crust where a rock mass has broken and moved in relation to another rock mass
ellipse
an oval shape
semidiurnal tides
when an area has two high tides and two low tides daily
compression
the process of squeezing together; one way mountains ar formed
Jovian planets
the large, outer planets made of gas - Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, & Neptune
crustal movement
the movement of the lithospheric pieces that causes the continents to shift
geologic areas
major geologic time divisions
rotation
a spinning motion, Earth rotates on its axis

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