Human anatomy chapter 4- skin and the integumentary system
Terms
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- consists of the skin (an organ) and accesory organs
- Integumentary system
- protection, regulation of body temperature, retards water loss, houses sensory organs, synthesizes chemicals, excretes wastes
- Functions of integumentary system
- Stratified squamous epithelium
- epidermis
- one cell layer thick, firmly attached to basement membrane, mitotic layer, layer that needs to be protected from the sun, contains melanocytes
- Stratum germinativum
- spiny layer, cell membranes pulling apart from eachother and only attached at cell junctions, several layers thick
- Stratum Spinsum
- contains Keratin, Keratohyalin, this layer is far enough away from blood that death can occur
- Stratum Granulosum
- cells flattened, densly packed together, filled with solid granules, cells deffinitely dead at this point and look translucent
- Stratum Lucidum
- dead cells, still inerlocking, packed with kerotin (keritinization) remain for 2 weeks before shed
- Stratum Correum
- skin color due to
- dermal blood supply, and pigments
- what pigments effect skin color
- melanin and carotene
- supply the blood to skin, regulate body temperature, consists of Papillary layer and reticular layer
- dermis
- neuron that makes something move and causes actions
- motor fibers
- touch receptors in skin
- ineisner's corpuscle
- pressure receptors in skin
- Pacinian corpuscle
- not technically part of the skin, lies beneath the dermis, loose CT and adipose
- Superficial fascia or hypodermis
- epidermal cells, extend into the dermis
- hair follicles
- different then sebaceious follicles, look like baby fat cells, always next to hair follicles, opens into hair follicle
- Sebaceous glands
- produce sebum, also has antibacterial agent to it, oily lipid that coats hair shafts
- Holocrine gland
- empty to skin, cause acne if clogged
- Sebaceous follicles
- associated w/ hair follicles, respond to emotion. Arm pit and groin, no antibacterial properties so is thick, cloudy and smelly
- Apocrine glands
- not associated with hair follicles, sweating through pores, not smelly, thin and watery
- merocrine glands
- found in ear canal, produce earwax
- ceruminous glands
- earwax
- cerumen
- how does skin regulate body temperature
- increase blood flow to cool off and decrease to conserve heat