History Chapters 32, 33, & 34
Terms
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- John T. Scopes (on the test)
- biology teacher in Tennessee who was indicted for teaching evolution in the classroom, found guilty and paid a fine of $100
- A. Mitchell Palmer
- Attorney General during the “red scare†who rounded up nearly 6000 pro-Russian suspects, was known as the “Fighting Quakerâ€
- Sacco and Vanzetti
- two men convicted of the murder of a Massachusetts paymaster because the jury and judge were racist, prejudice against Italians, atheists, anarchists, and draft dodgers
- Warren G. Harding
- became president in 1921, was a nice easygoing man, but a horrible president, he could never tell who the liars were
- Albert Fall (on the test)
- senator from New Mexico who became secretary of the interior, was bad because he was an anticonservationist
- Harry M. Daugherty (on the test)
- was Attorney general who was a big time crook in the “Ohio Gang,†and was supposed to prosecute wrongdoers, but often did nothing
- Calvin Coolidge
- became president when Harding died, he was an old style president, but he also was pro-active business
- Herbert Hoover (on the test)
- became president in 1928, who was a self made millionaire who was an ideal president for the businessperson
- Alfred E. Smith (on the test)
- was 4 time governor of New York who was a democratic presidential nomination in the election of 1928, was an alcoholic and prejudice
- Hawley-Smoot Tariff
- was the highest protective tariff in the nations peacetime history that caused the average duty on nonfree goods to go from 38.5 % to 60%
- Reconstruction Finance Corporation
- established in 1932, was a government lending back aimed at providing indirect relief by assisting insurance companies, banks, agricultural organizations, and railroads, called “the millionaires dole†because it helped large corporations
- Bonus Army
- evicted rioting WWI veterans wanting their bonus carried out by Gen. Macarthur
- Eleanor Roosevelt
- Traveled countless miles with Franklin or on his behalf in all his campaigns, was an enormous popularity and influence during FDR’s presidency
- Harry Hopkins
- In charge of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration which granted about $3 billion to the states for direct dole payments or preferably for wages on work projects
- Frances Perkins
- first woman cabinet member, served as secretary of labor under Roosevelt
- Father Coughlin (on the test)
- a Catholic priest from in Michigan who began to broadcast his ideas about “Social Justice,†he was anti-Semitic, fascistic, and demagogic
- Huey Long
- Louisiana senator and governor, “share our wealth†program ($5000 taken from the rich) assassinated in 1935
- George Norris (on the test)
- Nebraska senator whose ideas were put into effect in the TVA
- Hundred Days
- President Roosevelt summoned Congress for a special 100 day session in which they would deal with the national emergency at hand
- “The Three R’s†(on the test)
- Roosevelt’s new deal program – Relief, Reform, Recovery – the short term goals were relief and immediate recovery, while the long term goals were permanent recovery and reform.
- Glass-Seagall Act
- by the Hundred Days Congress, provided the FDIC which insured individual deposits up to $5,000 which ended the epidemic of bank failures
- Civilian Conservation Corps
- provided employment in fresh-air government camps for about 3 million uniformed young men
- Works Progress Administration
- spent $11 billion on thousands of public buildings, bridges, and hard surfaced roads
- National Recovery Act
- designed to assist industry, labor, and the unemployed, a code of “fair competition†was worked out between companies and a max amount of labor hours
- Public works Administration
- intended for both industrial recovery and for unemployment relief, long range recovery was primary purpose and in time over $4 billion was spent on some 34,000 projects
- Agricultural Adjustment Act
- establish “parity prices†parity gave the same real value during 1909-1914, paid growers to reduce their product acreage
- Dust Bowl
- weeks of no rain and high winds created an enormous drought that stretched from Colorado-Missouri
- Securities Exchange Commission
- designed as a watchdog administrative agency with the stock markets operating more as trading marts and less as gambling casinos
- Tennessee Valley Authority
- passed by the Hundred Days Congress, the far most revolutionary of all the New Deal schemes, which developed the resources of the Tennessee Valley
- Federal Housing Authority (on the test)
- building industry stimulated by small loans to householders, both for improving their dwellings and for completing new ones
- Social Security Act
- provided security for old age, specified categories of retired workers were to receive regular payments from Washington
- Wagner Act (on the test)
- created a powerful National Labor Relations Board for administrative purposes and reasserted the right of labor to engage in self-organization and to bargain collectively through representatives of its own
- Court-packing scheme
- after the Supreme Court overturned parts of the New Deal, FDR tried to appoint more justices from 9 to 15