Every US Congressional Act...ever
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- Alien Act
- gave the president the right to deport aliens, passed by a Federalist congress
- Force bill
- US' answer to nullification crisis, declared the president has the power to enforce any act of congress by means of the military, if neccisary, nullified by SC
- Marshall Plan
- $17 billion set aside for any country that wanted help, to stimulate war-shattered economies for the communist party wouldn't become popular, a perfect success, the "European Miracle"
- Espionage Act of 1917 & Sedition Act of 1918
- intended to limit opposition to WWI
- 19th Amendment
- 1920, guarenteed women's right to vote
- Pendleon Act of 1883
- enacted civil service reform, government employees must take a Civil Service Exam (highest scores get the jobs), banned federal employers from giving campaign money to their party
- Articles of Confederation
- no strong national government, "unicameral legistature", no executive or judicial branch, could request taxes, no power to control interstate commerce, replaced by the Constitution in 1789
- Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
- ended the Mexican War, US got the Mexican cession, paid Mexico $15 million
- Atlantic Charter
- condemed Hitler and Mussolini's actions
- 18th Amendment
- 1919, prohibition
- Declatory Act
- repealed the Stamp Act, declared British law binding in all cases
- Non-Intercourse Act
- American began to export to all countries of Europe besides France and Britain, replaced the Embargo Act
- Transcontinental Railroad Act
- called for the government to finance the railroad, gave land around the tracks to the company that places them
- Townshend Tax
- external tax, British troops sent to US to impose it
- Medical Care Act
- created Medicare for the elderly and Medicad for the poor, a Great Society Program
- British-American Convention
- set border between US and Canada at the 49th parallel
- Coercive/Intolerable Acts
- a response to the Boston Tea Party, closed the port of Boston, sent more soldiers to US under Thomas Gage
- FDIC
- Federal Dipositors Insurance Corporation, insured people's savings up to $10,000, to re-establish faith in the banks, a New Deal alphabet program
- Judiciary Act of 1801
- created the 16 new, federalist, "Midnight Judges", passed during the last days of the Adams presidency, resulted in Marbury vs. Madison, declared null and void by the court
- Fundamental Orders
- written by Thomas Hooker, laws Conneticut was run by, etablished Puritan Church, sumptuory laws
- HOLC
- Homeowners Loan Cooperation, government lent money to people who couldn't pay their mortgages
- Neutrality Acts
- US stance when Hitler began to be hostile
- 17th Amendment
- 1916, elections to the senate will be decided by popular election
- Enrollment Act of 1863
- US declared all men ages 20-45 had to join the army, substitution clause: pay $300 and get a substitute
- PWA
- Public Works Admistration, hired men to contstruct buildings, tunnels, ext.
- Pickney Treaty
- guarenteed US access to New Orleans and promised no ambitions other than keeping their land, with Britain
- Civil Rights Act of 1866
- vetoed and overriden, tried to make blacks citizens and counter the black codes
- Webster-Ashburn Treaty
- with britain, set border of Maine
- Tallmadse Amendment
- in respose to Missouri's application for statehood, proposed no new slaves and slave children to be set free at the age of 25, failed in the senate
- Teller Amendment
- part of the declaration of war for the Spanish-American War, said that the US would not keep Cuba after the war
- Wilmont Proviso
- proposed by Wilmont Pennsy, said slavery should be banned in lands aquired in the Mexican War, failed in the senate
- Clean Air Act of 1963
- to help pollution problem, factory standards created, spured on by "Silent Spring"
- Treaty of Ghent
- ended the War of 1812, everything went back to where it was before the war, "not an inch lost"(warhawks), helped begin the Era of Good Feeling
- Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854
- divided Nebraska Territory into two sections whose slave status would be decided by popular sovereignty
- Stamp Act Resolves
- Published by the first continental congress, called for a total boycott of british goods
- Freedman's Bureau
- vetoed and overriden, to help blacks adjust to free life
- Federal Employee Loyalty Act of 1947
- if you worked for the government, you had to swear and oath of loyalty to the US and swear never to join the communist party
- Gentlemen's Agreement
- California would no longer segregate its schools against Japanesse, and Japan would keep trade in Asia open to the US
- Land Ordinance of 1785
- western lands were sold to pay off debts from the Revolutionary war
- Office of Tenure Act of 1867
- an excuse by congress to try and impeach Johnson tried to end Johnson's firing of cabinent members
- Mayflower Compact
- an agreement to abide by a government that would be created, introduced the idea of consent
- Omnibus Housing Act
- $8 billion set aside to build homes for the poor, "projects", a Great Society Program
- Smith Act
- outlawed the communist party
- Treaty of Paris of 1763
- ended the French-Indian/Seven Years War, all of Canada, all the land to the Mississippi River, and Florida went to England, Spain got Cuba
- Military Reconstruction Act
- declared that no states which had been readmitted were still a part of the US (except Tennessee), combined the states into 5 military districts, each run by a military general, all men could vote, each state needed to write a new constitution that included the 14th Amendment
- Neutrality Proclimation of 1793
- declared that the Franco-American alliance created during the Revolutionary War was no longer in effect because France's government had changed, kept US out of the War of the 1st Coalition
- Adams-Onis Treaty
- with Spain, gave US control of Florida, gave US southwent to Spain
- Bland Allison Act
- intended to get more money into circulation, supported by Greenbacks, vetoed by Hayes and overriden
- Jay Treaty of 1794
- in return for new forts and respect for freedom of the seas, US promised to repay debts to Britain
- Clayton Act
- gave further protection unions' right to strike
- Impressment Act of 1863
- CSA declared any food or clothing could be seized by the army, who would decide its price
- McKinley Tariff of 1890
- passed during the Harrison presidency, raised the tariff
- Chinese Exclusion Act
- banned Chinese from coming into the US for 10 years
- Confiscation Act of 1861
- all southen property was subject to seizure by US military
- Tariff of Abominations
- a tax on imports, created during the Adams presidency, New England manufacturers liked it, SC declared it null and void
- Pure Food and Drug Act
- inspired by Upton Sinclair's "The Jungle", regulations on the production of food and drugs
- Rush-Bagot Agreement
- declared US would limit it's navy on the Great Lakes, with Britain
- Fugitive Slave Acts
- made it a federal offense to aid runaway slaves or refuse to send them back to their masters
- Quota Act
- limited immigration into the US to 350,000 per year
- Macions Bill No. 2
- If France or England would stop interupting US freedom of the seas, we would trade with them, replaced the Non-Intercourse Act, Napoleon agreed
- Truman Doctrine
- $200 million given to each Greece and Turkey to help re-build their economies and get rid of the communist party, succesful
- Homestead Act of 1862
- for $10 one could get 160 acres of land, which had to be kept for 5 years
- Orders in Council
- British declared all ships enemies and openly violated the Jay Treaty
- 13th Amendment
- abolished slavery
- Embargo Act of 1807
- American would no longer export to Europe, started to ruin US economy, forced US to become more self-sufficient
- NRA
- National Recovery Administration, biggest New Deal program, to help industry be more productive, created the PWA
- Wagner Act
- strengthened rights of unions
- Platt Amendment
- replaced the Teller Amendment, said the US would keep a naval base in Cuba (Guantanamo Bay) and retain the right to "preventive intervention"
- The Proclimation of 1763
- declared that the Ohio Valley was off limits to Americans until the Indians were taken care of, beginning of tensions between US and England
- Olive Branch Petition
- sent by the 2nd continental congress to King George III, promised Americans would disarm if Coercive Acts were repealed, rejected
- Dawes Severalty Act
- broke up reservations and tribal land, gave land to private indian families, 160 acres for farming or 320 for grazing, land couldn't be sold for 25 years, the indian family would become citizens after 25 years, assimilation
- War Powers Act of 1974
- extended the powers of the president to conduct all war-time affairs
- Gadsen Purcahse
- land in the couthwest, bought from mexico, to build a transcontinental railroad on, haulted by Civil War
- National Origins Act
- replaced the Quota Act, limited immigration to 164,000 per year, said countries could only send 2% of total immigrants in 1890 (to favor old immigrants)
- Lord Dunmore Decree
- British said any slave who joined their army would be granted their freedom
- Sherman Act
- tried to control railroad prices, went to supreme court many times (ruled in favor or the railroads)
- 2nd Confiscation Act
- declared that all slaves that were seized under the Confiscation Acts would be given freedom
- Interstate Commerce Commision
- gave the government power to regulate railroads (including their prices)
- Timber Act of 1873
- government paid for people to grow trees on their land, to help Homesteaders
- GI Bill
- government would pay for all soldiers to go to college, resulted in suberbanization, The Baby Boom, and a wealthier middle class
- Keating-Owens Act of 1914
- prohibited the hiring of children in factories
- 16th Amendment
- created the National Income Tax and the Federal Reserve
- Compromise of 1850
- a result of California's application for statehood, proposed by the "Big Three", banned the slave trade in Washington D.C., popular sovereignty would decide the slave status of states in the Mexican Cession, included Fugitive Slave Acts
- Social Security Act of 1935
- the government will give everyone a pension when theu reach a certain age, about 1/3 of what you need to live
- Wagner Act
- strengthened the rights of unions, 2nd new deal
- Hay-Paunceforte Treaty
- US got full authority to build a canal in cental American, with Britain
- Monroe Doctrine
- declared Europeans could no longer colonize in the western hemisphere, US promised not to go into Europe
- TVA
- Tennessee Valley Authority, built dams to provide cheap electricity and jobs, a New Deal alphabet program
- Louisiana Purchase of 1803
- bought during the Jefferson presidency, 3 cents an acre, went against Jefferson's strict interpretation
- AAA
- Agricultural Adjustment Act, gave price supports to some products to eliminate the surplus, a New Deal alphabet program
- WPA
- Works Progress Administration, 2 million men employed, 2nd New Deal
- Half-Way Covenant
- declared that only one parent had to be a saint for their child to be baptized, showed decline of the church and increase in the merchant class
- Old Deluder Act
- when a town reached 50 people, a teacher must be hired, at 100 people, a school must be built, introduced the idea of public education
- Treaty of Paris or 1783
- ended American Revolution, granted US independence, all lands to the Mississippi River given to US, US promised not to persecute loyalists (not abided by), to pay off debts to Britain (we didn't), and British allowed to keep some forts
- Granger Laws
- laws passed at the state level to help farmerss, set prices for goods like railroad travel and grain elevatiors
- Civil Rights Act
- ended segregation in all public areas
- CCC
- Civil Conservation Core, an unemployment relief act, gave jobs to 1/2 million, New Deal alphabet program
- Taft-Hartley Act
- opposed by Truman, overriden by congress, took away some legal rights of unions
- Administration of Justice/Murder Acts
- if a colonist was found breaking Navigation Laws, the trial would be held in Admirality courts ("rights of englishmen" questioned), if a british soldier killed a colonist, their trial would be held in England
- Crittenden Compromise
- asked Lincoln to promise not to abolish slavery and let populary sovereignty decide the slave status of territory states, rejected
- Ludlow Amendment
- called for a national referendum for declarations of war
- Navigation Laws
- laws passed to insure Britich mercantilism
- The Stamp Act
- the first time internal taxes were imposed, pushed through British parliment by Grenville, to get americans to help pay for the French-Indian War, resulted in Stamp Act Congress
- 14th Amendment
- guarenteed black citizenship and rights and punished states which didn't, Johnson tried to stop it's ratification throught the "Swing Around the CIrcle"
- Tea Act
- lowered tax on tea, sent soldiers to enforce non-smuggling laws, resulted in the Boston Tea Party
- Tripartite Pact
- alliance between Germany, Japan, and Italy
- Reclamation and Antiquities Act of 1902
- the government set aside two million acres to be managed wisely for future generations
- Conscription Act
- all males of the CSA ages 18-35 (later 45, then 50) had to join the army, if one owned more than 20 slaves, they didn't need to join, 20% of the CSA army were draftees
- Missouri Compromise
- Missouri admitted as a slave state, Maine admitted as a non-slave state, slavery banned above Missouri's bottom border (36'30), "firebell in the night"
- 15th Amendment
- black males granted the right to vote, 1870
- Dominion of New England
- formed by James I because navigation laws were being ignored, took away charters from Mass., RI, Conn., NH, later added NJ and NY, repealed by William and Mary
- Underwood-Simmons Act of 1914
- lowered the tariff
- Southern Homestead Act of 1866
- 44 million acres set aside for freedmen in the south, didn't help, not good land
- Black Codes
- 1866, a series of laws passed at the state level to insure segregation
- Northwest Ordinance of 1787
- determined how new states would be admitted, if there were 60,000 people in an area, they could write a constitution, if it was approved by the government, then the area becomes a state
- Sherman Anti-Trust Act
- 1890, have government the power to break up monopolies
- Sedition Act
- made it illegal to criticize policies of the government, passed by a Federalist congress