us history #12
Terms
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- 21st amendment
- 1933 Repealed the 18th amendment, prohibition
- ethel and julius rosenberg
- Klaus Fuchs's co-conspirators who passed information about the atomic bomb to the Soviet Union.
- general douglas macarthur
- He was one of the most-known American military leaders of WW2(He liberated the Phillipines and made the Japanese surrender at Tokyo in 1945, also he drove back North Korean invaders during the Korean War)
- benito mussolini
- Italian fascist dictator (1883-1945)
- yalta conference
- FDR, Churchill and Stalin met at Yalta. Russia agreed to declare war on Japan after the surrender of Germany and in return FDR and Churchill promised the USSR concession in Manchuria and the territories that it had lost in the Russo-Japanese War
- united nations
- world organization established in 1945 to provide peaceful resolutions to international conflicts.
- mccarran internal security act
- United States federal law that required the registration of Communist organizations with the Attorney General in the United States and established the Subversive Activities Control Board to investigate persons thought to be engaged in "un-American" activities, including homosexuals
- d-day
- planned June 5th June 6 1944 Germans occupied Normandy France Germans though it would occur at Calais and goal was to liberate Paris
- nagasaki
- Japanese city in which the second atomic bomb was dropped (August 9, 1945).
- works progress administration
- May 6, 1935- Began under Hoover and continued under Roosevelt but was headed by Harry L. Hopkins. Provided jobs and income to the unemplyed but couldn't work more than 30 hours a week. It built many public buildings and roads, and as well operated a large arts project.
- immigration and nationality act
- (1965) This law made it easier for entire families to migrate and established "special categories" for political refugees. This act increased the amount of immigration.
- los alamos
- New Mexico where A-bomb detonated for first time July 1945; now we have 2 left
- washington naval conference
- 1921 - president harding invited delegates from Europe and Japan, and they agreed to limit production of war ships, to not attack each other's possessions, and to respect China's independence
- u boats
- new invention of the time; like submarines w/ torpeados; drags U.S. into war
- huac
- House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC or HCUA) (1938-1975) was an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives. It is often referred to as the House Un-American Activities Committee. In 1969, the House changed the committee's name to the Committee on Internal Security. When the House abolished the committee in 1975, its functions were transferred to the House Judiciary Committee. The committee's anti-communist investigations are often confused with those of Senator Joseph McCarthy. McCarthy, as a senator, had no direct involvement with this House committee.
- taft hartley act
- Outlawed the abuse of Union power in the workplace
- atomic bomb
- a nuclear weapon in which enormous energy is released by nuclear fission (splitting the nuclei of a heavy element like uranium 235 or plutonium 239)
- adolph hitler
- german leader of Nazi Party. 1933-1945. rose to power by promoting racist and national views
- hideki tojo
- Prime Minister of Japan during World War II.
- manhattan project
- code name for the secret United States project set up in 1942 to develop atomic bombs for use in World War II
- federal housing authority
- Established by FDR during the depression in order to provide low-cost housing coupled with sanitary condition for the poor
- teheran conference
- December, 1943 - A meeting between FDR, Churchill and Stalin in Iran to discuss coordination of military efforts against Germany, they repeated the pledge made in the earlier Moscow Conference to create the United Nations after the war's conclusion to help ensure international peace.
- organization of american states
- 1962 (OAS) international organization that promotes peace and economic progress in the Americas (p. 824)
- warshaw pact
- (The Soviet Unions"Alliance Plan") it included the Soviet Union, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and Albania
- potsdam conference
- The final wartime meeting of the leaders of the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union was held at Potsdamn, outside Berlin, in July, 1945. Truman, Churchill, and Stalin discussed the future of Europe but their failure to reach meaningful agreements soon led to the onset of the Cold War.
- congress of industrial organizations
- a federation of North American industrial unions that merged with the American Federation of Labor in 1955
- casablanca conference
- January 1943 conference between FDR and Churchill that produces Unconditional Surrender doctrine
- korean war
- conflict between North Korea and South Korea , lasting from 1950 to 1953. The US and UN countries fought on the side of South Korea and communist china fought on the side of North Korea
- national housing act
- June 28, 1934- It created the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) and the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation. It was designed to stop the tide of bank foreclosures on family homes.
- kellogg briand pact
- renounced war as an instrument of national policy
- north atlantic treaty organization
- In 1949, the United States, Canada, and ten European nations formed this military mutual-defense pact. In 1955, the Soviet Union countered NATO with the formation of the Warsaw Pact, a military alliance among those nations within its own sphere of influence.
- munich agreement
- agreement between Chamberlain and Hitler that Germany would not conquer any more land, and if did, would declare war
- nazi soviet pact
- nonaggression treaty between russia and germany allowing germany to fight a one front war until germany violatet treaty by invading russia
- tripartite pact
- Signed between the Axis powers in 1940 (Italy, Germany and Japan) where they pledged to help the others in the event of an attack by the US
- war powers act
- After the attack on Pearl Harbor, Congress passed it, granting the President unprecedented authority
- lend lease act
- law that allowed the US to ship arms and supplies without immediate payment to nations fighting Axis powers
- full employment
- the economic condition when everyone who wishes to work at the going wage-rate for their type of labor is employed
- korematsu v. u.s.
- court case "Did the President and Congress go beyond their war powers by implementing exclusion and restricting the rights of Americans of Japanese descent?"
- harry s. truman
- vice president became president after roosvelt's death, had to decide whether the u.s. should use atomic bomb
- george kennan
- Proponent and father of the "containment" of communism, he was a driving force behind such policies as the Truman Doctrine.
- g.i. bill
- 1944 -a.k.a. the Serviceman's Readjustment Act, US government pays for military veterans to go back to school to get GED and/or Bachelor's degree
- selective training and service act
- 1940 law requiring all males aged 21 to 36 to register for military service
- truman doctrine
- Speech given on March 12, 1947 in which the president vowed to stop the spread of communism at any cost
- gold reserve act
- 1934; United States nationalized gold and prohibited private gold ownership except under license.
- fair labor standards act
- June 25, 1938- United States federal law that applies to employees engaged in and producing goods for interstate commerce. The FLSA established a national minimum wage, guaranteed time and a half for overtime in certain jobs, and prohibited most employment of minors in "oppressive child labor," a term defined in the statute. The FLSA is administered by the Wage & Hour Division of the United States Department of Labor.
- social security act
- August 14, 1935- The Social Security Act was drafted by President Roosevelt's committee on economic security, under Edwin Witte. The Act provided benefits to retirees and the unemployed, and a lump-sum benefit at death. Payments to retirees were financed by a payroll tax on current workers' wages, half directly as a payroll tax and half paid by the employer.
- bretton woods
- Created International Monetary Fund (IMF) to stabilize currency and the World Bank to invest in projs globally to stimulate economic growth (Presidential exertion of US power on an international scale)
- dwight d. eisenhower
- 37th president was voted president for rebuplicans and ended the Korean war, American General
- alger hiss
- state department offical. was accused of giving secret government documents to the Soviets
- hiroshima
- Japanese city on which the first atomic bomb was dropped (August 6, 1945).
- pearl harbor
- base in hawaii that was bombed by japan on December 7, 1941, which eagered America to enter the war
- joseph mccarthy
- 1950s; Wisconsin senator claimed to have list of communists in American gov't, but no credible evidence; took advantage of fears of communism post WWII to become incredibly influential; "McCarthyism" was the fearful accusation of any dissenters of being communists
- national war labor board
- During WWII it mediated disputes between management and laborers to prevent strikes
- neutrality act
- declared US stance when when Hitler began to be hostile
- atlantic charter
- 1941-Pledge signed by US president FDR and British prime minister Winston Churchill not to acquire new territory as a result of WWII amd to work for peace after the war
- good neighbor policy
- 1932-FDR didnt think that USA had right to intervene in Latin America's affairs. Pulled out troops from Dom Repub,Haiti, worked out agreement w/Panama.
- wagner act
- (1935) cleared the way for unions to organize, bargain and strike
- 20th amendment
- 1932; moves inaugural date to Jan. 20th; get rid of lame duck period
- earl warren
- United States jurist who served as chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1891-1974)