Chapter 14
NEU CBA U101 Chapter 14
Terms
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- Extranet
- Intranet that's partially available to certain parties outside the organization
- Data Communication Network
- Large Network used to transmit digital data from one computer to another using a variety of wire and wireless communication channels
- Information System
- Computer system for gathering and processing data into formation and distributing it to people who need it
- Client-Server System
- System connecting client machines (which are used by employees for data input and retrieval) and a server (that stores shared databases and programs)
- Web Server
- Computer that retrieves web pages
- Operations Support System
- Information system used by lower-level managers to assist them in running day-to-day operations and making routine decisions
- Applications Software
- Software that performs a specific task, such as word processing or spreadsheet creation
- Executive Information System
- System that provides senior managers with strategic information customized to meet their needs and presented in a convenient format
- Information Manager
- Manger with responsibility for determining the information needs of members of the organization and meeting those needs
- Search Engine
- Software program that scans web pages for specific keywords and provides a list of documents containing them
- Data
- Unprocessed facts
- Expert System
- Program that mimics the judgment of experts
- Wide Area Network
- Network that links computers that are spread over a relatively large geographical area
- Data Mining
- Technique used to search and analyze data to reveal patterns and trends that can be used to predict future behavior
- Transaction Processing Systems
- Informations system used to record and process an organization's daily activities or transactions
- Intranet
- Private network using internet technologies that are available only to employees
- Chief Information Officer
- Senior executive who oversees information and telecommunications systems
- Data Warehouse
- Centralized database that stores data from several databases so they can be easily analyzed
- Local Area Network
- Network that links computer that are in close proximity
- Internet Service Provider
- Company, such as AOL, that links into the internet infrastructure to connect paying subscribers
- Information
- Data that have been processed or turned into some useful form
- Process Control
- Application or technology to monitor and control physical processes
- Virtual Company
- Company without a significant physical presence that relies on third parties to produce, warehouse, price, and deliver the products it sells over the internet
- Encryption
- Process of encoding data so only individuals of computers armed with a secret code (or key) can decode it
- Certificate Authority
- Third party that verifies the identify of a computer side
- Decision Support System
- Interactive system that extracts, integrates, and displays data from multiple sources to help managers make non-routine decisions
- Computer-Aided Design
- System using computer technology to create models representing the design of a product
- Electronic Data Interchange
- Computerized exchange of business transaction documents
- Firewall
- Software program that controls access to the company's intranet
- Computer-Aided Manufacturing
- System using computer technology to control production processes and equipment
- Transactions
- Financial and non-financial events that affect a business
- Computer-Integrated Manufacturing
- System in which the capabilities of a CAD/CAM system are integrated with other computer-based functions
- Database
- Electronic collection of related data accessible to various users
- Management Information System
- System used to extract data from a database and compile reports that help managers make routine decisions
- Flexible Manufacturing System
- System in which computer-controlled equipment is programmed to handle materials used in manufacuring
- Browser
- Software, such as IE, that locates and displays web pages
- Enterprise Resources Planning System
- Integrated computer system used to channel information to multiple users
- Chief Technology Officer
- High-level executive who reports to the CIO and oversees information technology planning and implementation
- World Wide Web
- Subsystem of computers on the internet that communicate with each other using a special language called HTTP
- Internet
- Global network comprised of smaller interconnected networks linking millions of computers around the world
- E-commerce
- Business conducted over the internet
- Artificial Intelligence
- Science of developing computer systems that can mimic human behavior